정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

DHA의 미세캡슐화와 산화방지에 관한 연구

한성철,류종서,이기영,김도만,최춘순 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 2003 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

We studied the oxidation of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA: C22: 6ω-3). β-Cyclodextrin(CD) inclusion complexes(ICs) of DHA were prepared with antioxidant such as α-tocopherol and BHT, and microcapsulated with Curdlan and Pullulan. Identification of their structural features of ICs were observed with the use of SEM, FTR, and XRD. Methods for quantitative analysis of DHA were used: TLC scanning method and TBARS(Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) method. As a result, we observed the formation of ICs and estimated antioxidant effect. In this work, loading efficiency of DHA in ICs was about 25%, and the antioxidant effect of α-tocopherol was higher than that of BHT. When ICs containing DHA was microcapsulated with curdlan and pullulan, the loading efficiency was less than 5%.

이핵 Mn(Ⅱ)-Tetraazadioxa 거대고리 리간드 착물의 합성과 특성 연구

한충훈,변종철 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.2

2. 6-diformyl-pcresol과 2, 20dimethyl-1, 3-propanediamine의 금속 주형 축합반응으로 20-membered tetraazadioxa Schiff 염기 거대고리 리간드{5, 5, 11, 17, 17, 23-hexamethyl-3, 7, 15, 19-tetraazatricyclo[19, 3, 1,1^(9,13)]hexacosa -1(25), 2, 7, 9, 11, 13(26), 14, 19, 21, 23-decaene-25, 26-diol(H₂L_(mc)]}의 이핵 Mn(Ⅱ)착물을 합성하고, 그 성질들을 확인하였다. Binuclear Mn(Ⅱ) complexes of the 20-membered tetraazadioxa Schiff base macrocyclic ligand{5, 5, 11, 17, 17, 23-hexamethyl-3, 7, 15, 19-tetraazatricyclo[19, 3, 1,1^(9,13)]hexacosa -1(25), 2, 7, 9, 11, 13(26), 14, 19, 21, 23-decaene-25, 26-diol(H₂L_(mc)]} have been synthesized by metal template condensation of 2, 6-diformyl-pcresol and 2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediamine.

단위제 실시에 관한 문제점 조사연구 : 제주도 인문계 고등학교를 중심으로 on the humane high schools in Jeju-Do

한철순,현종익 제주대학 1980 논문집 Vol.12 No.2

Our educational courses and curriculum have frequently due to frequent changes in the educational environment. In the highshools, the unit system was adopted on Feb, 15th, 1963. Yet the current school teachers have a poor understanding and knowledge of it. Therefore, this system can't be run effectively. The current school teachers undertake many difficulties by accepting responsibilities for school affairs. There is a pressing need to increase their knowledge of the unit system. The salient point of the unit system is that in principle every high school should adopt the unit system. Under our actual education circumstances, it is very hard to adopt the complete unit system. However, in order to promote uniform education and to have chance to take one's adoptability by opticonal course, we should have deep knowledge of it. The unit system prescribes as follows; 1) In principle, the high school teaching curriculum should adopt the unit system. However, due to difficulties adopting the unit system, they can adopt the grade system, or both the grade system and the unit system. 2) The unit allotment table shows the total unit numbers which the 3rd grade high school students need to complete the regular course. 3) Usually we have 36 weeks of school-days per year. One unit means to complete the regular course for 18 unit hours per term, and 1 unit hour has 50 minutes. 4) According to student's career and job selection, high school courses can be dclassified into humanistic, scientific, vocational and art courses. 5) with respect to the weather, season and the characteristic of the subject contents, they can make an available unit-hour education curriculum. But since most of the current school teachers have a poor knowledge on the principles of the unit system, the aim of this paper is to help them understand the necessity of the unit system and to offer them information necessary to restructure the education curriculum. In conclusion this paper describes the actual circumstances and problems of high schools, and attempts to improve them

韓國 복싱選手와 外國選手의 技術 使用瀕度數와 히트率에 關한 硏究

韓聖哲,趙鍾得 龍仁大學校 1986 용인대학교 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

The aim of this paper is to find the frequeney of techniques and hit rate of Korean boxers and foreign boxers. The subject was 20 Korean boxers who participated in the final tryout for L.A. Olympics and the 10th Asian Games (Light, Fly, Bantam, Welter and Middle weight categories and 20 foreign boxers who won medals in L. A. Olympics and the 4th World Cup Boxing Championships. The results were as follows. a) Concerning the frequency of techniques, both Korean boxers and foreign boxers showed less frequence in accordance with the grading-up of weight categories. Lighter weight categories showed more frequency than heavier weight categories. b) Hit rate against the frequency of techniques was 21.9% in Korean boxers and 25.8% in foreign boxers, showing the big difference of 3.7%. In hit rate according to each weight category, Korean middle weight boxers marked 5.7% higher than foreign Middle weight boxers. In the other weight categories foreign boxers exceled Korean boxers in the hit rate, especially showing 14.9% higher hit rate in Welter weight category. c) In hit rate according to the techniques Korean boxers straight was 33.7% while foreign boxers' upper- cut was 38.2% and their straight was 37.2%. In general foreign boxers recorded higher hit rate than Korean boxers, showing various high hit rates. As a conclusion, since Korean boxers show less hit rate compared with foreign boxers, a scientific research on the method which can relay various techniques to accurate and efficient hit.

포항 석병연안에서 삼중자망에 의해 채집된 어류의 종조성 및 양적변동

한경호,손종철,황동식,최수하 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

경상북도 포항시 석병 연안에서 삼중자망 5폭을 사용, 1998년 1월부터 12월까지 총 12회에 걸쳐 어류를 포획하여, 어류의 종조성 및 양적변동을 조사하였다. 포획된 어류는 총 1網 7目 27科 58種, 607개체, 93,427g으로 쏨뱅이 目(Scorpaeniformes)과 쏨뱅이 目(Scorpaeniformes) 어류가 총 41種으로 전체 출현종 수의 70.7%를 차지하여 우점하는 분류군이었으며, 科별로는 양볼락 科(Scorpaenidae) 어류가 8種 출현하여, 가장 많은 種이 출현하였다. 개체수에서 우점종은 망상어, 노래미, 쥐노래미, 용치놀래기, 쥐치, 볼락, 개볼락, 멸치 및 임연수어로 이들 9種이 전개체수의 62.9%를 차지하였다. 생체량에서 우점종은 망상어, 쥐노래미, 임연수어, 노래미, 볼락 및 용치놀래기로 이들 6種이 전생체량의 58.4%를 차지하였다. 출현 개체수와 생체량은 수온이 상승하는 4월과, 고수온기인 7월 및 10월에 높게 나타났으며, 저수온기인 1월에는 낮게 나타나, 수온과 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 월별 출현종수는 수온이 낮은 1월에 10種이 출현하여 가장 적었고, 수온의 상승폭이 큰 5월에 24種으로 가장 많았다. 종 다양도지수는 1.640~2.594의 범위로 경월변화가 적고, 인근 해역에 비해서 높은 지수를 나타내고 있어, 다양한 어종과 안정된 군집구조를 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 조사해역에서 연 중 출현한 어종은 망상어, 노래미, 쥐노래미, 볼락 등이며, 체형이 크고 성장도가 양호할 뿐만 아니라 주거종으로서 경제성있는 어종으로 평가된다. Fishes were collected by trammel net to determine seasonal species composition and biomass in coastal waters of Seokbyeong, Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do from January to December, 1998. A total of 607 fishes(93,427g) was sampled and classified into 58 species belonging to 27 families and 7 orders. The most dominant orders were Scorpaeniformes and Perciformes, which together accounted for 70.7% of the total. The most dominant family Scorpaenidae was represented by eight species. The dominant species were Ditrema temmincki, Hexagrammos agrammus, H. otakii, Halichoeres poecilopterus, Stephanolepis cirrhifer, Sebastes inermis, Sebastes pachycephalus, Engraulis japonicus and Pleurogrammus azonus; they accounted for 62.9% of the total fishes collected. The dominant species in biomass were Ditrema temmincki, Hexagrammos agrammus, H. otakii, Halichoeres poecilopterus, Sebastes inermis and Pleurogrammus azonus. Those species accounted for 58.4% of the total biomass. The number of individuals and the biomass were much higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, and closely correlated with water temperature. Monthly number of species was highest in May, with 24 species and lowest in January, with 10 species. The highest diversity index was in June(H'=2.594), and lowest in January(H'=1.640). The diversity index was 1.640~2.594, with little monthly fluctuation. The diversity index in coastal waters of Seokbyeong was higher than that in other coastal waters. It suggest that the cluster structure may be stable.

大學生의 學業成就와 諸 情意的 變因과의 相關硏究

韓宗哲,李學柱 울산대학교 1981 연구논문집 Vol.12 No.1

敎育은 人間 行動을 變化시키는 一連의 組織的 過程이다. 따라서 敎育의 過程을 通하여 變化된 知的 行動과 여러 情意的 要因과의 關係를 分析的으로 評價하는 일은 敎育 專門家에 주어진 重要 課題中의 하나다. 本 硏究에서는 1)敎育課程의 中核的 目標인 大學生들의 學業成就度와 情意的 側面인 自我槪念 및 知覺向性과의 關係 把握과 2)大學에서의 한 敎科의 學業成就度와 이들의 自我槪念 및 知覺向性 要因과의 相關關係는 統計的으로 意義가 없었다. 卽 學生들의 自我槪念이나 知覺向性은 이들의 學業成就度를 거의 豫言하지 못하고 있다. 단지 女子 集團의 경우 學業成就度와 知覺向性의 下位要因인 '自身에 대한 知覺'間에 統計的으로 매우 意義있는(1%수준) 相關關係를 보이고 있어, 學業成就度에 미치는 情意的 變因에 있어 男·女 學生集團 間에 差異가 있음을 알 수 있다. 그리고, 大學의 總 學點 平均點數는 한 敎科에 대한 成就度 變量의 約 62%만을 豫言할 수 밖에 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 大學에 있어 學生들의 各 敎科에 대한 學點의 可變性을 말해 주는 것으로, 大學生들의 한 敎科에 대한 學業成就度에는 他 敎科에 대한 知的 能力(知識) 以外의 다른 情意的 要因이 크게 影響을 주는 것으로 보아야 할 것이다. It is one of the most well-recognized facts that the improvement of educational practices is closely tied with the possibility of innovation in educational evaluation itself and the evauation of improvements in student ability is one of the most important subjects in education. The first major problem for the future of education is to find wary and means of multiplying the measurable dimensions of academic achievement. Though there have been many attempts to measure student achievement, to diagnose learning difficulties and to verify affecting variables of student achievement, they have not been as fruitful as one might expect. Therefore, it is necessary that academic achievement, representing a highly specialized knowledge and higher mental abilities, is measured by affective traits. Purposes of the study Two major purposes were identified for the present study, 1) To verify the corrlation between the score of achievement test and self-concept, perceptual orientation. 2) To verify the correlation between the score of achievement test and the grade point average(G.P.A) at the college. Methods Among the instruments used in this study, and achievement test, standardized "Self Concept Inventory" and "Perceptual Orientation Scale" were used by the researchers. The subjects of this study were 190 students enrolled in "School and Community" courses of Yonsei University during the first academic semester, 1979. The procedures are as follows: the collecting of data on the achievement and psychological tests, and the treatment of the data by analysing them according to simple correlation, t-test, and analysis of variances. Major findings 1) The variables on the self concept and perceptual orientation were not related with the acievement test. But, the perception of other person as a sub-factor of "Perceptual Orientation Scale" proved statistically significant in females(1% level). 2) Generally, correlation between the score on the achievement test and the G.P.A was low(0.62). But correalation between the G.P.A.'s of freshmen and sophomores was high(1% level).

다발성으로 피부절을 수반한 대상포진 뇌수막염 1예

한동철,박종호,신원철,이영배,박현미,신동진 대한노인병학회 2004 대한노인병학회지 Vol.8 No.1

탐색 공간 Smoothing 방법의 연구 : The Case on the Survivable Network Design Problems 망의 생존도 문제를 중심으로

한치근,박종철 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 1995 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.1 No.-

In this paper, we consider the survivable network design problem which requires not only the minimum total cast but also the network survivability condition so that the network could be functioning normally in the occurrence of one or more failures. We use a heuristic approach based on local search method for solving the problems. The local search method is very efficient to solve combinatorial optimization problems. It, however, may find only a local optimum in the search space. Therefore, in this paper, we give a local search method with search space smoothing method which could be used for avoiding the problem that only local optimum is found. In order to improve the performance of the local search method(X-change), we attempt to limit the number of local minimum points by changing the structure in the search space. It is observed that the proposed method is efficient for solving the randomly generated survivable network problems.

주요 우울병 환자에서 Sertraline의 항우울 효과에 대한 임상적 연구

한오수,박종익,이철,이성동,박인호 울산대학교 의과대학 1994 울산의대학술지 Vol.3 No.1

As the psychopharmacological tool in the treatment of major depression, traditionally Tricyclic antidepressants has been used. But recently SSRIs(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) are introduced. They have the characteristics in that serotonin concentration would be elevated when receptors blocked by SSRIs, and they have less anticholinergic, antihistaminergic, antiadrenergic effect. We evaluated the antidepressive effect, side-effect and physiological effect of Sertraline in 20 Koreans, who were diagnosed as the ,ajor depression in DSM-Ⅲ-R criteria. Dosage was 50 mg, and total duration was 4 or 6 weeks. We have the result that the depressive symptoms were improved in terms of H.D.S(Hamilton Depression Scale) and B.D.I.(Beck Depression Inventory) including C.G.I.(Clinical Global Impression). Significant improvement was noticed after 2 weeks, and this effect was sustained in 4-6 weeks. side-effect was appeared, which were mainly gastrointestinal troubles including dyspepsia. anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain. But it was not the extent of stopping of the study. The physiological changes were not occurred. Generally we concluded that Sertraline has the antidepressant effect.