혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

토양 표면의 전기화학적 특성과 응용

옥용식,임수길,김정규 고려대학교 생명자원연구소 2002 생명자원연구 Vol.10 No.-

양친매성 유기점토를 이용한 중금속과 유기 오염물질 동시제거 기술

옥용식,임수길,김정규 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Although clay can sorb significant amounts of inorganic contaminants from soils and waste-water, the hydration of exchangeable cations in clay minerals makes it hydrophilic at the clay mineral surfaces and interlayers. Thus, natural clays are often ineffective in complexing and stabilizing toxic organic contaminants in soils and groundwater environment. But, substituting these hydrated cations with cationic surfactant such as QAC(Quaternary ammonium Compound) can change the natural clay from hydrophilic to hydropobic. Furthermore functionalized organoclay can act as a powerful dual function sorbent for both toxic metals and organic compounds. It also can be used as landfill clay liners, slurry walls, nano-composite materials, petroleum tank farms, waste treatment, and fflter systems. To use this modified clay minerals effectively, it is required to understand the fundamental chemistry of organoclay, synthetic procedures, its engineering application, bioavailability of sorbed ion-clay complex, and potential risk of organoclay. In this review, we investigate the use, application and historical background of the organoclay in remediation technology. The state-of-the-art of organoclay research is also discussed. Finally, we suggest some future implications of organoclay in environmental research.

두개천골요법과 기공에서 에너지⋅기에 대한 역할과 의미 고찰

임정옥 국제뇌교육종합대학원대학교 뇌교육연구소 2021 뇌교육연구 Vol.27 No.-

This study is to examine the roles and meaning of energy or Qi in clinical application of craniosacral therapy (CST) and Qigong. The results of the research are as follows. First, while CST has a tendency of alternative medicine bacause it is based on osteopathological manual therapy, Qigong shows a strong inclination of psychosomatic discipline because it focuses on learning and controlling Qi by oneself. Second, CST in the roles of energy is used for the purpose of improving diagnostic ability or transmitting therapeutic energy in order to enhance healing powers. On the other hand, Qigong mainly focuses on the control and management of Qi and pursues improvement of physical health and mental capacity depending on the maturity of Qi. Third, both CST and Qigong understands Qi or energy as the medium of vital phenomenon and aim at recovering homeostasis of the human body and improving mental and physical health using this medium. Therefore, as CST uses less energy than Qi Gong, availability and value of CST will be enhanced if the advantages of CST are maintained and its energy aspect is emphasized and applied well. 이 연구는 두개천골요법(CST)과 기공의 임상적 활용에 있어서 에너지 또는 기의 응용에 초점을 맞추어 이에 대한 역할과 의미를 고찰하고자 하였다. 주 요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째, CST는 정골의학식 수기요법에 기반을 두고 있어 대체의학적 성향이 있다. 반면에 기공은 기를 스스로 터득하고 조절하는 데 중심을 두고 있어 심신수련법으로써 성향이 강하다. 두 번째, 에너지의 역 할에서 CST는 치유능력을 높이기 위한 진단능력 향상이나 치료적 에너지 전 송을 목적으로 활용한다. 반면에 기공은 주로 기의 조절 및 운용에 초점을 두 고 기의 성숙도에 따라 자신의 신체건강 및 정신능력 향상을 추구한다. 세 번 째, CST와 기공은 기 또는 에너지를 생명현상의 매개체 역할로 이해하고 이 매개체를 활용하여 인체의 항상성 회복과 심신건강의 증진을 목표로 하는데 공통점이 있다. 따라서 CST는 기공에 비해 에너지 활용 측면이 다소 미약하 므로 CST의 장점은 유지하면서 에너지 측면을 충분히 강조하고 응용한다면 CST의 활용성과 가치를 높이는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

3kW 주택보급용 계통연계 태양광발전시스템 운전결과 분석

임병옥,이강연,박정민,조금배,백형래,최창주 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2003 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.25 No.1

한국판 섬망 평가 척도-98(K-DRS-98)의 표준화 연구

임경옥,김수영,이양현,이선우,김정란 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objective : This study was conducted to develop and to validate the Korean version of Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98(K-DRS-98), which is a scale for diagnosing delirium and evaluating its severity. Method : After developing the K-DRS-98, 102 patients were rated by it among 4 diagnostic groups, such as delirium (N=25), dementia (N=27), schizophrenia (N=25) and others (N=25). To test for reliability, K-DRS-98 was independently administered by two psychiatrist. To test for validity, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were administered simultaneously. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS window version 12 package and statistical significance was p<0.05. Result : Intemal consistencies (Cronbach α) of two raters were 0.867 and 0.858, respectively. Inter-rater reliability (κ) was 0.893 for severity items of K-DRS-98 and κ value of diagnosis items was 0.969. In Delirium group, Pearson correlation Coefficients (r) of K-DRS-98 were -0.682 for MMSE-K and 0.667 for CGI. In comparison Delirium group with Others, ANOVA post hoc multiple comparison LSD was statistically significant (p<0.001). The cutoff score to diagnosis of delirium can be recommended 16 for seventy items and 21.5 for total score, respectively. Conclusion : The K-DRS-98 was showed good reliability and validity for the assessment of delirium. The K-DRS-98 is an easy and useful tool for diagnosing delirium and assessing its severity.

중소도시 하수관거의 침입수량 및 수질오염 원단위 산정

김옥형,박승기,정재훈,임경호 公州大學校 工學硏究院 生産技術硏究所 2004 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The volume of wastewater in combined sewers in study areas usually exceeds capacities of the sewer system or the treatment plant during storms. For this reason, combined sewer systems are designed to overflow occasionally and discharge excess waste water. The 6 monitoring sites were selected from two small cities near the Hongsung prefecture during over a rainy season. Monitoring was performed by collecting grab samples and by measuring the rainfall and flow rates during dry and wet seasons. Generally the flow rate of wastewater in combined sewers was rapidly decreased after 23:00 PM and gradually increased from 06:30 AM in all sites during the dry season. Due to monitoring and statistical analysis, the groundwater contributes on sewage volume increase (average 3.4-25.4% more) during experimental periods. Therefore, this research is focus on the investigation of the effects of stormwater and groundwater to combined sewer systems.

HL-60 세포주를 이용한 결핵균항원의 세포성면역반응의 분석

박정규,강윤중,김운옥,임재현,송창화,조은경,김화중 충남대학교 의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Most persons who become infected with M. tuberculosis mount a protective immune response and remain clinically well, the only evidence of infection being development of a positive tuberculin skin test. Five to 10% develop tuberculosis disease within the first 2 years after infection (primary tuberculosis) or thereafter (reactivation tuberculosis). Acquired resistance against tuberculosis paradigmatically rests on cell-mediated immunity, with the major factors being mononuclear phagocytes and T Lymphocytes. While the former cells act as the principal effectors, the latter ones serve as the predominant inducers of protection. The usefulness of the single dose of BCG routinely given in childhood in many developing countries in preventing far more commonly occurring tuberculosis in adults is in doubt. An effective and safe vaccine against tuberculosis is sorely needed. A subunit vaccine are capable of inducing protective immunity and could have substantial advantages over BCG or other whole-bacterium vaccines. The human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 adopted characteristic macrophage-like properties, including adherence and CD14 expression after a period of continuous culture at high ambient CO_(2) concentration. When HL-60 cells were cultured with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) for 4 days, the cells acquired the activity to potentiate T cell proliferation by the 30 kDa or 38 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Therefore, vitamin D-treated HL-60 cells showed the function of the antigen presenting cells.

직접수복용 레진과 기공용 레진으로 제작한 레진 인레이를 투과한 광중합기의 광강도

장훈상,임영준,김정미,홍성옥 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.5

연구목적: 본 연구는 직접수복용 레진 (Filtek Z350, Supreme XT)과 기공용 레진 (Sinfony)으로 제작한 레진 인레이를 투과하는 광중합기의 광강도를 측정하고 레진 인레이를 구성하는 색조에 따라 투과되는 광강도를 측정하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: A3 색조의 레진 인레이를 Z350 A3 한 가지 색조로 제작한 것과 Supreme XT A3B와 A3E 두 가지 색조로 제작한 것을 이용하였으며 Sinfony는 제조사의 지시에 따라 A3, E3, T1 세 가지 색조로 제작하였고 두께는 1.5 mm로 통일하였다. 할로겐 광중합기 (Optilux 360)와 LED 광중합기 (Elipar S10)를 이용하여 레진 인레이를 투과하는 광강도를 휴대용 광강도 측정기 (Cure Rite)로 측정하였다. 각 레진의 색조가 광강도의 투과에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 0.5mm 두께로 레진 시편을 제작하여 광강도를 측정하였다. 결과: Z350 A3로 제작한 레진 인레이를 투과한 광강도가 가장 낮았으며, 다음으로 Supreme XT A3B와 A3E로 제작한 레진 인레이, 그리고 Sinfony A3, E3, T1으로 제작한 레진 인레이 순으로 광강도가 유의하게 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 0.5mm의 레진 시편을 투과한 광강도를 측정한 결과 dentin shade인 Sinfony A3, Z350 A3, Supreme XT A3B가 가장 낮았으며, enamel shade인 Supreme XT A3E, Sinfony E3, 그리고 translucent shade인 Sinfony T1 순으로 유의하게 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 결론: 레진 인레이를 제작할 경우 단색의 직접 수복용 레진을 사용하기 보다는 기공용 레진의 dentin shade, enamel shade, translucent shade를 모두 사용하는 것이 레진 인레이 하방으로 더 많은 중합광을 투과시킬 수 있는 것으로 사료된다. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to measure the power density of light curing units transmitted through resin inlays fabricated with direct composite (Filtek Z350, Filtek Supreme XT) and indirect composite (Sinfony). Materials and Methods: A3 shade of Z350, A3B and A3E shades of Supreme XT, and A3, E3, and T1 shades of Sinfony were used to fabricate the resin inlays in 1.5 mm thickness. The power density of a halogen light curing unit (Optilux 360) and an LED light curing unit (Elipar S10) through the fabricated resin inlays was measured with a hand held dental radiometer (Cure Rite). To investigate the effect of each composite layer consisting the resin inlays on light transmission, resin specimens of each shade were fabricated in 0.5 mm thickness and power density was measured through the resin specimens. Results: The power density through the resin inlays was lowest with the Z350 A3, followed by Supreme XT A3B and A3E. The power density was highest with Sinfony A3, E3, and T1 (p < 0.05). The power density through 0.5 mm thick resin specimens was lowest with dentin shades, Sinfony A3, Z350 A3, Supreme XT A3B, followed by enamel shades, Supreme XT A3E and Sinfony E3. The power density was highest with translucent shade, Sinfony T1 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Using indirect lab composites with dentin, enamel, and translucent shades rather than direct composites with one or two shades could be advantageous in transmitting curing lights through resin inlays.

도플러검사법을 이용한 새로운 심기능평가법 : 급성 심근경색증에 의한 심기능장애의 선별진단법으로서 심기능지표의 유용성 The Utility of Cardiac Performance Index in the Screening Test of Cardiac Dysfunction due to Acute Myocardial Infarction

김원,임경수,이영주,최옥경,전정민 대한응급의학회 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

Background : Because systolic and diastolic dysfunction frequently coexist in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we hypothesize that a combined measure of ventricular performance using Doppler echocardiography may be more sensitive and time-saving diagnostic tool for the evaluation of patients presenting with cardiogenic chest pain. Method and Results : Seventy-one patients with AMI (47 male, 59±11 years) and 45 patients with normal coronary artery (29 male, 52±11 years) were included in the study for measurement of cardiac performance index and established parameters of ventricular function using conventional echo-Doppler methods. a new derived index of cardiac performance: (ICT+IRT)/ET, was obtained by subtracting ejection time(ET) from the interval between cessation and onset of the mitral inflow velocity to give the sum of isovolumic contraction time(ICT) and isovolumic relaxation time(IRT). The mean value of the index was significantly different between normal and AMI(p<0.01). The degree of inter-group overlap was smaller for the index compared to other parameters. within functional groups, the value of the index did not appear to be related to heart rate, mean arterial pressure and the degree of mitral regurgitation. Conclusion : cardiac performance index is a conceptually new, simple and reproducible Doppler index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance, and it is useful as screening test for patients with cardiac dysfunction due to AMI