완성형 평가(cloze method)를 활용한 발표 교육 연구 - 베트남 학문 목적 학습자의 담화 표지 사용을 중심으로 -

김운옥 국어교육학회(since1969) 2019 국어교육연구 Vol.- No.69

본 연구는 완성형 평가(cloze method)를 이용한 담화 표지 교육 방안이 학문 목적 학습자들의 설명적 말하기 특히 발표 능력 향상에 효과가 있음을 밝히는 데 있다. 발표는 학문 목적 학습자들이 교실 현장에서 일상적으로 해결해야 하는 담화 기능 중 하나이다. 그러나 급증하고 있는 학문 목적 베트남 한국어 학습자들을 위한 발표 교육에 대한 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 대부분의 연구들이 대조연구, 발음 연구, 결혼 이주민들에 대한 연구에 치중되어 있다. 완성형 평가는 담화 표지가 필요한 곳을 빈칸을 이용하여 연역적으로 제시한다. 이를 통해 학습자들은 담화 표지의 위치에 대해 인식하게 되고 빈칸을 메우기 위해 앞 뒤 맥락을 이해해야 한다. 완성형 평가를 이용한 발표 교육의 목적은 발표 담화 표지를 메타언어로 이해하여 발표 담화문의 응집성을 향상시키는 데 있다. 본고는 완성형 평가를 이용하여 발표 교육 이전과 교육 이후의 담화 차이에 유의미한 변화가 있는지를 조사하였다. 완성형 평가가 중·고급 학습자의 발표 교육 전․후와의 상관성, 선행 발표 교육의 유․무와의 상관성, 학습 기간과의 상관성에서 모두 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 과정을 통해 완성형 평가를 이용한 담화 표지 교육이 발표에 유의미한 변화를 가져온다는 결론을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 완성형 평가가 교육 현장에서 학습자에게 요구되는 발표 능력 향상을 위한 하나의 교육 방안으로 활용될 것을 기대한다. This study aims to show that the application of the cloze method in discourse markers education is effective in improving academic learners' presentation skills. Presentation is one of the conversational functions that academic learners routinely address in a classroom environment. Demand to educate presentation techniques for burgeoning Vietnamese academic Korean learners is currently increasing. However, most studies conducted for Vietnamese learners are focused on contrast studies, pronunciation studies and marriage immigrants. The cloze method presents a “blank” where a discourse marker is needed, therefore learners are enabled to recognize the location of discourse markers. Further, they will be required to be aware of the location of discourse markers and understand the context behind it to fill in the “blank”. The purpose of the cloze method education is to improve the coherence of presentation skills by understanding discourse markers as meta languages. This study investigated the significant changes in learners’ presentation techniques by comparing the before and after of studying the cloze method: where to put and how to use discourse markers. The study resulted to show the significance of the cloze method’s corelation with the TOPIK level, pre-presentation education status and learning period. This study anticipates that the cloze method will be implemented in learning environments to enhance academic learners’ presentation techniques.

학문 목적 한국어 학습자를 위한 발표 담화 표지 양상 연구 - 한국어와 영어의 발표 담화 표지 비교를 중심으로

김운옥 한국교양교육학회 2019 교양교육연구 Vol.13 No.6

This study aims to research the discourse markers in presentation education contents in Korean textbooks and offer the implications of future presentation education for Korean learners on the increase. Amid current social demands of 21 century for ‘divergent thinking-driven education’ on the contrary to ‘rod learning-based education’, this study has analyzed the speaking constructs of CEFR in Europe, IB in US, Chinese International Proficiency Standard, and Applied Research for the International Standard Curriculum of Korean Language. The secondary foreign language test as a mother tongue was also analyzed. Coherence is the construct of discourse competence. To improve coherence of presentation, Korean learners need to understand discourse markers. Textbook-centered discussions focused on discourse markers were made on the contents of presentation. The study examined the trend of presentation education through the classification of 77 textbooks published from 1959 to 2010s by age and type. From 2012, mainstream integrated textbooks were gradually replaced by functional textbooks. The textbooks did not differ in the introduction and question and discussion sections upon comparison. Discourse markers were found more in the body of integrated textbooks and conclusion section of functional textbooks. A comparative analysis of English and Korean presentation education has been also made on the basis of these findings. The study has revealed that Korean discourse markers were lacking in variety and clarity. In addition, an educational plan using cloze method and evaluation criteria were proposed for teaching Korean presentations. Therefore, the study offers implication for future presentation education. 본 연구는 증가하고 있는 한국어 학습자의 발표 교육을 위해 한국어 교재의 발표 담화 표지를 고찰하고 이를 토대로 향후 발표 교육에 대한 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 21세기는 ‘집어 넣는 교육’에서 ‘꺼내는 교육’을 요구한다. 이에 국제 통용 교육과정인 유럽의 CEFR, 미국의 IB, 중국의 국제 한어 능력 표준, 한국의 국제 통용 한국어 표준 교육과정 적용 연구 등의 말하기 평가 구인과 자국어로서의 제2 외국어 평가의 말하기 시험의 평가 구인을 비교·분석하였다. ‘응집성’은 담화 능력의 평가 구인이다. 발표의 ‘응집성’을 향상시키기 위해 학문 목적 학습자는 담화 표지를 학습해야 한다. 본 연구는 담화 표지를 중심으로 교재에 제시된 발표 교육 내용을 분석하였다. 분석 대상은 1959년부터 2010년대까지 출간된 교재 77권이다. 본 연구는 시대별, 유형별로 교재를 분석하여 발표 교육의 추이를 살펴보았다. 2000년대까지는 통합형 교재가 주류를 이루었고 2012년을 시작으로 발표 담화 표지가 수록된 기능형 교재가 등장하기 시작하였다. 유형별 분류에서 도입과 질의응답은 두 유형의 차이가 없었다. 전개는 통합형, 마무리는 기능형 교재가 우세했다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 토대로 영어의 발표 교육과 비교하였다. 두 언어의 담화 표지 양상을 비교한 평가 구인은 ‘명료성과 다양성’이다. 한국어가 명료성과 다양성 평가에서 영어보다 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 한국어 발표 교육을 위해 평가 기준과 완성형 평가를 활용한 교육 방안을 제안하였다. 이를 토대로 본 연구는 향후 발표 교육 내용 개발을 위한 시사점을 제시한다.

베트남 한국어 학문 목적 학습자를 위한 설명적 말하기 교육 연구 - 깁기 방법(cloze method)를 이용한 담화표지 교육을 중심으로

김운옥 국제한국언어문화학회 2018 국제한국언어문화학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.05

중 · 고등학생 자녀를 둔 아버지 관련 국내 연구 동향 분석 - 2001년부터 2020년을 중심으로 -

김운옥,김성봉,최선아 한국문화융합학회 2023 문화와 융합 Vol.45 No.6

The purpose of this study is to overall analyze domestic research trends on fathers with children in middle and high school. Analysis data were selected from 42 theses and 30 journal articles published from 2001 to 2020. These papers have been researched since 1990, and have increased since 2015. Most of the research methods were correlation studies which is quantitative research methods. The main variables were father role performance, parenting attitude, involvement in parenting, communication, etc. This study was to confirm the relationship between fathers and children, and will be used as basic data for developing father education programs. Follow-up research suggested various studies to understand fathers with middle and high school students applying various research methods.

한국어 교재에 나타난 발표 교육의 변천 과정 연구 - 1970년대부터 2010년대의 교재를 대상으로 -

김운옥,김홍매 국제한국언어문화학회 2019 국제한국언어문화학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.06

현실치료 프로그램이 고등학생의 내-외부 통제성 및 자기효능감에 미치는 효과

김운옥(Kim Woonok),원복연,(Won Bogyeon),김성봉Kim Sungbong 한국문화융합학회 2021 문화와 융합 Vol.43 No.8

본 연구의 목적은 고등학생들의 내-외부 통제성 및 자기효능감 향상을 위한 현실치료 프로그램을 재구성하고적용하여 그 효과성을 확인하는 데 있다. 연구대상은 J시에 소재한 H고등학교 1학년 학생 중 프로그램 참가 희망자 20명이었으며, 이들을 실험집단과 통제집단에 각각 10명씩 무선 배치하였다. 본 프로그램의 재구성 절차는 프로그램 재구성의 준거 설정, 프로그램 회기별 배열순서 설정, 재구성 프로그램의 타당화(전문가 검토 및 예비실험) 의 순서에 따라 총 11회기로 재구성하였으며 주 2회 회기 당 100분씩 실시하였다. 검사도구는 박재황과 김순업(2004)이 개발한 내-외부 통제성 척도와 Sherer 등(1982)이 개발한 자기효능감 척도(Self Efficacy Scale: SES)를홍혜영(1995)이 번안 보완한 척도를 사용하였다. 자료는 실험집단과 통제집단의 사전-사후 점수 차이에 대한 t검증으로 통계 결과를 분석하였으며, 양적인 결과를 보완하기 위해 김영천(2006)의 질적 자료 분석 과정에 따라 질적 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에 의하여 얻어진 결과는 첫째, 내부 통제성은 실험집단과 통제집단 사이에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이는 나타나지는 않았으나, 외부통제성에서는 유의미한 효과를 나타났다. 둘째, 자기효능감 사전-사후 점수 차이에 대한 두 집단 간에는 유의미한 효과를 보였다. 셋째, 양적인 결과를 보완하는 차원에서 실시한 질적 분석에서도 그 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. The objective of this study was to verify that the restructured Reality Therapy Program designed to enhance internal-external control and self-efficacy of high school students has a positive effect on the targeted internal-external control and self-efficacy of high school students. The subjects consisted of 20 students of 1st grade attending “H” high school in “J” city, who volunteered for this program. They were divided randomly and equally into two separate groups: experimental and control. The restructuring processes for this program were carried out through the following order : setting up criteria for restructuring, arranging session order and validating the program (professional review of the program and preparatory experiment). The whole program was conducted biweekly in total 11 separate sessions with each having 100 minutes of time. The scale developed by Jae Hwang Park and Soon Up Kim(2004) was used to measure internal-external control of the subjects. In order to measure self-efficacy, the Self Efficacy Scale was utilized. This scale was translated and supplemented by Hong Hye Young(1995) while the scale was originally developed by Sherer et al. in 1982. T-test was carried out for the purpose of calibrating the difference in pre-/post-test evaluation within the experimental group and control group. With a view to making up the limits of quantitative result, this study was analyzed through the qualitative analysis process suggested by Young Cheon Kim(2006). The first result of this study is that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. However, the statistical significant difference was verified in terms of sub-factor of external control. Secondly, according to the pre-/ post-test evaluation within the experimental group and control group in terms of self-efficacy, the statistically significant difference between the two groups was proved. Thirdly, the program had an positive effect on internal-external control and self-efficacy in terms of the qualitative analysis.

대학생의 자기불일치와 특성불안의 관계 - 부적응적 자기초점적 주의와 부적응적 인지적 정서조절 전략의 매개효과 -

최선아,김성봉,김운옥 한국문화융합학회 2023 문화와 융합 Vol.45 No.5

This study aimed to verify the independent and sequential mediating effect of dispositional self-focused attention and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between self-discrepancy and trait-anxiety in college students. For this, data was collected about Self-Questionnaire, State Trait Anxiety Inventory-Y(STAI-Y), Scale for Dispositional Self-focused Attention in Social situation(SDSAS) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(K-CERQ) from 400 college students, and the Structural Equation Model analysis was conducted on the collected data using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. As a result of this analysis, it was confirmed that dispositional self-focused attention and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies had significant independent and sequential mediating effects in the relationship between self-discrepancy and trait-anxiety. This study is significant in that it comprehensively confirmed the role of emotion regulation, which mediates the process of self-discrepancy leading to trait-anxiety, by dividing it into the dimension of emotional recognition and correction.

HL-60 세포주를 이용한 결핵균항원의 세포성면역반응의 분석

박정규,강윤중,김운옥,임재현,송창화,조은경,김화중 충남대학교 의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Most persons who become infected with M. tuberculosis mount a protective immune response and remain clinically well, the only evidence of infection being development of a positive tuberculin skin test. Five to 10% develop tuberculosis disease within the first 2 years after infection (primary tuberculosis) or thereafter (reactivation tuberculosis). Acquired resistance against tuberculosis paradigmatically rests on cell-mediated immunity, with the major factors being mononuclear phagocytes and T Lymphocytes. While the former cells act as the principal effectors, the latter ones serve as the predominant inducers of protection. The usefulness of the single dose of BCG routinely given in childhood in many developing countries in preventing far more commonly occurring tuberculosis in adults is in doubt. An effective and safe vaccine against tuberculosis is sorely needed. A subunit vaccine are capable of inducing protective immunity and could have substantial advantages over BCG or other whole-bacterium vaccines. The human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 adopted characteristic macrophage-like properties, including adherence and CD14 expression after a period of continuous culture at high ambient CO_(2) concentration. When HL-60 cells were cultured with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) for 4 days, the cells acquired the activity to potentiate T cell proliferation by the 30 kDa or 38 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Therefore, vitamin D-treated HL-60 cells showed the function of the antigen presenting cells.

산성 에어로졸과 미세탄소 입자에 의한 도시지역 시정감쇄 ( Visibility Impairment by Acidic Aerosol & Carbonaceous Particles in Urban Atmosphere )

김경원,오승진,김영준,김운옥 한국대기환경학회 1999 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-

결핵균 PPD, 30-kDa 및 TSP 항원에 의한 치료전 폐결핵환자 말초혈액 단핵구의 IL-12 및 TNF-α 생성능

송창화,조은경,이지숙,김대수,임재현,김운옥,남현희,김화중,백태현,박정규,Song, Chang-Hwa,Jo, Eun-Kyeong,Lee, Ji-Suk,Kim, Dae-Su,Lim, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Un-Ok,Nam, Hyeon-Hui,Kim, Hwa-Jung,Paik, Tae-Hyun,Park, Jeong-Kyu 대한면역학회 2001 Immune Network Vol.1 No.3

To determine if initial infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis changes the balance of cytokines between T cells and macrophages, we evaluated interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$), interleukin-12 (IL)-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ productions by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 15 untreated active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients and 12 healthy tuberculin reactors (HTR). Freshly isolated PBMC were stimulated with Triton X-100 solubilized protein (TSP), 30-kDa or purified protein derivatives (PPD) antigen for 6, 18 and 96 hours. IL-12 p40 production by antigen-stimulated PBMC from TB patients was significantly decreased compared with that in HTR. In addition, IFN-${\gamma}$ production was significantly depressed in TB patients than that in HTR at a 96-hr stimulation. However, TNF-${\alpha}$ production was significantly higher in antigen-stimulated PBMC from TB than that of HTR. A pronounced increase in IFN-${\gamma}$ protein followed neutralization of IL-10 in early TB patients. However, neutralization of TNF-${\alpha}$ did not significantly alter IFN-${\gamma}$ induction in PBMC from TB patients. There were no significantly differences in the cytokine productions among three proteins, TSP, 30-kDa or PPD antigen. These results indicate that development of TB may be strongly associated with dysregulated productions of IL-12, IFN-${\gamma}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$, during the initial immune responses to M. tuberculosis. Further understanding of operative cytokine networks during human immune cell responses to protein antigens of M. tuberculosis may improve strategies for vaccine development.