Hypertension Risk with Abacavir Use among HIV-Infected Individuals: A Nationwide Cohort Study

김정미,김정미,방지환,신주영,양보람,이중엽,박병주 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.10

Purpose: A high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is reported for HIV-infected individuals. While a link between abacavir and CVD risk is suggested, an association between abacavir and hypertension remains unclear. This study evaluated hypertension risk with abacavir use in comparison to non-abacavir antiretroviral treatment (ART). Materials and Methods: From a nationwide cohort of HIV-infected individuals on their initial ART, 6493 who were free of hypertensionat baseline were analyzed. The use of ART was treated as a time-varying covariate measured as a daily unit. Incidence rate of hypertension was calculated, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of incident hypertension overall and among subgroups. Results: From the 6493 participants, 24072 person-years (PY) of follow-up were contributed during 2008–2016. The incidence rates of hypertension were 4.6 and 3.6 per 100 PY for abacavir and non-abacavir ART users, respectively. The population attributablefraction of abacavir use on hypertension was 12%. Abacavir exposure did not elevate the risk of hypertension among overall study population [HR, 1.2 (95% CI, 1.0–1.4), p=0.061]. However, those with poor ART adherence, defined as a medication possessionratio <50% [HR, 1.9 (95% CI, 1.5–2.4), p<0.0001] or requiring prophylactic antibiotics [HR, 1.2 (95% CI, 1.0–1.3), p=0.023], were at risk of hypertension induced by abacavir, as were men, individuals aged ≥40 years, and patients visiting tertiary hospitals in urban areas. Conclusion: When present, poor ART adherence, requiring prophylactic antibiotics, male sex, and older age may warrant additionalconcern for hypertension in patients treated with abacavir.

정규수술 스케줄 관리 및 개선활동을 통한 정규수술 취소율의 감소

김정미,박정옥,한경화,양경아,김정미,김영옥,이숙영,허지희,김주연,황미숙,박형주,김헌,이영길 한국의료QA학회 2008 가을학술대회 Vol.2008 No.3

Open API를 이용한 검색확장에 대한 만족도 평가 - D 대학을 중심으로 -

김정미,서은경,Kim, Jung-Mi,Seo, Eun-Gyoung 한국비블리아학회 2011 한국비블리아학회지 Vol.22 No.1

최근 도서관은 웹기술을 이용하여 이용자들의 참여와 만족을 이끌어 내는데 노력하고 있다. 이 연구는 Open API 기술을 활용하여 다양한 정보원들을 검색할 수 있게 한 D대학 도서관시스템에 대하여 이용자 만족도를 평가하였다. 이를 위하여 90명의 학생들에게 시사적 주제 2개와 학업관련 주제 2개를 가지고 검색하게 한 후, 홈페이지의 통합검색 기능 및 연계기능에 대한 만족도와 연계된 콘텐츠에 대한 만족도를 측정하였다. 그 결과 학생들은 대체적으로 만족하고 있었으며 검색기능의 용이성과 미리보기의 유용성 면에서 가장 높은 만족을 보인 반면 디스플레이 방식에 대해서는 불만족하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 사진자료보기 및 동영상보기, 검색결과의 배열 및 브라우징, 검색결과의 양과 검색속도에 대한 낮은 만족도를 보였다. 또한 콘텐츠를 최신성, 적합성, 유용성, 활용성면에서 평가한 결과가 지식인, 도서관 소장자료, 학위논문/학술지, 이미지자료 순으로 만족하였다. 검색확장에 대한 불만족 사항은 유용성이 높은 검색 인터페이스를 구축함으로써 개선될 수 있을 것으로 본다. The purpose of this study is to understand and analyze the satisfaction level of users regarding the search and search results of D College Library system implemented by Open API. For the study, 90 students of D College searched the library system with 4 subjects regarding on current affairs and assignments, and then evaluated the satisfaction on search functionality and contents usability. In results, they satisfied search expansion in general. Especially, the satisfaction levels for the convenience of search method and preview was the highest, but that of level for the arrangement and browsing of search results and the searching speed was the lowest. In terms of currentness, relevance, usefulness and utilizability aspects, Naver was the most highly evaluated, followed by library’s database, dissertation/academic journals, Youtube and Flikr. The cause of the unsatisfactory could be reduced when the library system implements the useful and attractive search interface.

한국형 컴퓨터 인지프로그램 CoTras가 뇌졸중 환자의 기억력과 뇌파에 미치는 효과: 단일대상연구

김정미,조아영,장지연,송창순 대한작업치료학회 2014 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.22 No.4

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 한국형 컴퓨터 인지프로그램(Cognitive Training System; CoTras)가 뇌졸중 환 자의 기억력과 뇌파에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법 : 본 연구는 다중기초선 실험설계로, 뇌졸중으로 진단을 받은 환자 3명을 대상으로 2012년 8월부 터 10월까지 총 8주 동안 실시하였다. 연구기간 동안 대상자별 실험설계는 대상자 1은 기초선 5회, 중재기 15회, 대상자 2는 기초선 7회기, 중재기 13회기, 그리고 대상자 3은 기초선 9회기, 중재기 11회기로, 대상자 간 기초선과 중재기의 회기 수는 다르나 총 회기 수는 20회로 일정하였다. 각 중재기간은 CoTras를 사용하 여 인지훈련을 30분씩(주5회) 실시하였다. 기초선 기간에는 기억력을 평가하기 위하여 전산화인지검사인 전 산화신경인지검사(Computerized Neurocognitive Test; CNT)의 숫자외우기(Digit Span Test)을 실시 하였고, 뇌활성도를 측정하기 위하여 8채널 뇌파를 이용하여 뇌파변화를 측정하였다. 또한 대상자의 포괄 적인 인지기능을 평가하기 위하여 중재 전후에 로웬스타인 작업치료 인지기능 평가-노인용(Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment-Geriatric; LOTCA-G)를 사용하였다. 결과 : 중재 전과 비교하여, 모든 대상자에서 CoTras 중재 후에 CNT점수와 LOTCA-G의 기억력 항목이 향상되었다. 또한 뇌맵핑에서 뇌활성화의 효과를 측정할 수 있었다. 그러나 뇌파에는 변화가 없었다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과는 한국형 컴퓨터 인지프로그램인 CoTras가 뇌졸중 환자 기억력을 향상시키는데 가 능성을 입증하였으며, 향후 임상에서 CoTras를 사용한 뇌졸중 환자의 기억력 및 뇌활성화의 치료적 근 거를 제시하는데 그 의의가 있다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to verify the clinical effect of a Korean computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program (CoTras) for recovering the memory and Electroencephalogram (EEG) activity in stroke patients. Methods : A single-subject multiple-baseline experiment research design was used to determine the effect of Cognitive Training System (CoTras). Three participants who have had memory deficit post-stroke were trained using CoTras for 30 minutes per session. A total of twenty sessions were conducted. Their EEG was recorded during each session, and their relative power spectrum was analysed based on the beta/theta ratio. A Digit Span Test (DST) of the Computerized Neurocognitive Function Test (CNT) was used to assess the memory of each subject during each session, and Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment-Geriatric (LOTCA-G) was used to evaluate their brain activation pre- and post-test. The data were visually analyzed using graphs and a descriptive statistical analysis. Results : All of the participants showed a significant increase in memory, and their LOTCA-G and DST scores were improved post-test. However, no significant changes in EEG were shown. Conclusion : These findings provide evidence that CoTras is an effective approach to memory recovery after a stroke; however, their EEG levels did not change.

학령전기 말더듬아동의 어머니-아동 상호작용 행동특성

김정미,심현섭,이은주,Kim, Jeong-Mee,Sim, Hyun-Sub,Lee, Eun-Ju 한국음성학회 2005 음성과학 Vol.12 No.3

This study was to examine the relationship between maternal interactive behaviors and stuttering behaviors in preschool children who stutter. Participants were twenty-four children who stutter and their mothers. For the purpose of the current study, 5$\sim$10 minutes of 50 minutes videotaped scenes originally collected to develop fluency assessment instrument were re-videotaped. They included mother-child interactions during playing with toys and reading book situations. Mothers-children interactive behaviors were assessed with Maternal Behavior Rating Sroles(MBRS) and Child Behavior Rating Scales (CBRS). And children's stuttering were assessed with Paradise-Fluency Assessment(P-FA). The results were as follows: 1) the maternal interactive behavior did not significantly differ depending on situations, but scores of maternal responsive factor were higher in the play situation than in the reading situation. 2) Maternal responsiveness might influence on promoting the children's pivotal behavior with children who stutter. And 3) the level of maternal responsiveness was the predictor of children's stuttering behaviors. The therapeutic implication of the results were discussed.

축제 포스터 디자인의 방향성 연구 - 화천산천어축제 포스터를 중심으로 -

김정미,가오리췬 한국일러스트레이션학회 2018 일러스트레이션 포럼 Vol.19 No.55

As the local self-government is activated, regional festivals are attracting attention as the main media for local tourism, local economy revitalization and maximization of competitiveness. In addition, festivals led by local autonomous communities are being actively carried out through the synergy that leads to local traditional events and local tours of communities through the revitalization of local festivals centering on many local governments. Festivals are used as the first tool as the most representative means of promoting regional festivals, with many festivals taking place annually throughout the country. In order to draw interest and interest to festival visitors, Foster Poster focuses on festival identity and direction beyond simple promotional medium, and focuses on visual design medium, and Foster determines overall image of festival. Festive posters are easy to understand and require clear and symbolic composition and expression based on the wide range of visitors to the festival. The Hwacheon Sancheneo Ice Festival in Hwacheon, Gangwon Province is becoming a regional festival, which is considered to be the main source of the annual budget of Hwacheon in addition to the qualitative growth of the festival. As a case of poster design which is representative of festival design, we analyzed the visual elements of poster design from 1st to 16th in Hwacheon Sancheneo Ice Festival. This study was intended to be used as a basic data for the direction of production of festival poster design. 지방자치제가 활성화면서 지역축제는 지역관광과 지역경제 활성화와 경쟁력 극대화를 위한 주요 매체의 중심으로 주목되고 있다. 또한, 이미 많은 지역자치단체를 중심으로 지역의 정체성을 살려낸 축제의 활성화를 통해 지역의 전통 행사나 지역 내 연계 관광으로 이어지는 시너지 효과로 지역자치단체 주도의 축제가 활발히 펼쳐지고 있다. 축제 포스터는 해마다 전국 각지에서 펼쳐지는 많은 축제가 생겨나면서 지역축제 홍보를 위한 차별화 전략에서 가장 대표적인 수단으로 첫 번째 도구로 활용되고 있다. 축제 방문객에 대한 흥미와 관심을 이끌어내기 위하여 축제의 포스터는 단순한 홍보 매체를 넘어 축제의 정체성과 방향성을 집약해서 시각적 디자인 매체로 중심으로 잡아 포스터가 축제에 대한 전반적인 이미지를 결정짓고 있다. 축제 포스터는 축제의 방문객의 폭넓은 대상을 기준으로 이해가 쉽고 명확하고 상징적인 구성과 표현이 필요하다. 강원도 화천군의 화천산천어축제는 축제의 질적인 성장과 더불어 화천군의 연간 예산 40%를 차지고 하는 주요 재원으로 꼽히는 지역축제가 되고 있다. 축제 디자인의 대표성을 띠는 포스터 디자인의 사례로 화천산천어축제 포스터 1회부터 16회까지의 포스터 디자인의 시각적 요소를 중심으로 분석하였다. 본 연구가 축제 포스터 디자인의 제작 방향을 위한 기초 자료로 활용되고자 했다.

근시성 굴절교정수술안의 각막 중심부 및 주변부의 비구면도

김정미,이군자 대한시과학회 2014 대한시과학회지 Vol.16 No.3

목 적: 근시성 각막굴절교정 수술안에서 각막 중심부 및 주변부의 비구면도를 정시안과 비교하고 수술전 등가구면굴절력과의 상관성을 관찰하고자 하였다. 방 법: 근시성 각막굴절교정수술을 받고 정시상태가 된 135안(평균 23.49±2.5세, 범위 20~29세)과 정시안 40안(평균 22.50±1.7세, 범위 20~25세)을 대상으로 Pentacam (Oculus Inc., Germany) 각막형태 검사기기를 사용하여 각막 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm 영역의 비구면계수 Q값을 측정하였고, 수술안은 수술 전 등가구면굴절력이 -6.00D 미만은 수술안 그룹 1(평균 -4.41±1.09D, 범위 -1.25~-5.58D)과 -6.00D 이상은 수술안 그룹 2(평균 -7.12±0.95D, 범위 -6.00~-9.00D)로 분류하여 비교 분석하였다. 결 과: 정시안의 비구면계수 Q값은 모든 각막 영역에서 negative 값으로 영역에 따라 -0.34±0.12(6mm 영역)에서 -0.52±0.09(10mm 영역)로 주변부 영역으로 갈수록 negative 값은 더 커졌고, 수직경선이 수평경선보다 더 큰 negative 값을 보였다. 그러나, 근시성 각막굴절교정 수술안의 비구면계수 Q값은 모든 각막 영역에서 positive 값으로 영역에 따라 0.84±0.43(6mm 영역)에서 0.09±0.30(10mm 영역)으로 주변부로 갈수록 positive 값이 감소하였으며, 각막의 8mm 영역까지는 수직경선이 수평경선보다 positive 값이 더 컸지만, 9mm와 10mm 영역에서는 수평경선이 수직경선보다 positive 값이 더 크게 나타났다. 비구면계수 Q값은 각막의 6mm, 7mm, 8mm 영역에서 수술 전 등가구면굴절력과 높은 상관성을 보였다(각각, R=-0.725, R=-0.744, R=-0.713, p=0.000). 결 론: 근시성 굴절교정 수술안의 각막형상은 prolate 형태에서 oblate 형태로 변화되며 비구면계수 Q값은 negative 값에서 positive 값으로 변하고, 각막의 경선에 따른 비구면 계수도 정시안과 다른 양상을 보였다. 이와 같은 각막형상의 변화는 안광학적 시기능 변화의 예측과 근시성 각막굴절교정 수술안을 위한 시력교정용 콘택트렌즈 설계 및 피팅에 필요한 기초자료를 제공할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: To evaluate changes in asphericity (Q-value) of the central and peripheral cornea in myopic corneal refractive surgery group compared with emmetropes and correlation between pre-operative refractive error (spherical equivalent) and Q-value of post-operation. Methods: One hundred thirty five eyes of 68 subjects (23.49±2.5 years, range 20 to 29) who underwent myopic refractive surgery and 40 eyes of 20 emmetropes (22.50±1.7 years, range 20 to 25) were enrolled. Q-value was measured using a Pentacam Oculyzer topography (Oculus Inc., Germany) for 6mm to 10mm zones. For analysis of post-op group, the group was classified by pre-op spherical equivalents of < -6.00 D(-4.41±1.09D, range -1.25 to -5.58) and ≥-6.00D (-7.12±0.95D, range -6.00 to -9.00) as two post-op groups. Results: The mean Q-values in the emmetropes ranged between -0.34±0.12 (6mm zone) to -0.52±0.09 (10mm zone). There was a tendency to become more negative Q-values toward the peripheral zone. The negative Q-values with vertical meridian were greater than those with horizontal meridian in all diameters measured along the corneal meridian. However, the mean Q-values in post-op group ranged between 0.84±0.43 (6mm zone) to 0.09±0.30 (10mm zone). There was a tendency for Q-values to become less positive Q-values toward the peripheral zone. The positive Q-values with vertical meridian in the post-op group were more than those with horizontal meridian in 6mm, 7mm and 8mm zones measured along the corneal meridian. Whereas, the positive Q-values with vertical meridian in the post-op group were lower than those with horizontal meridian in 9mm and 10mm zones. There was a tendency for Q-values to become more positive with increased pre-op spherical equivalent (P=0.000) and significant correlation between Q-value and pre-op refractive error in 6mm, 7mm and 8mm zones (R=-0.725, R=-0.744 and R=-0.731, respectively). Conclusions: Q-value was changed from prolate cornea (negative Q-value) to oblate cornea (positive Q-value) in myopic corneal refractive surgery group compared with emmetropes and Q-value according to corneal meridian in post-op group found to be different patterns compared with emmetropes. These changes in Q-value would be provided basic data for outcome of visual performance and for contact lens design and fitting in eyes with a new anatomical configuration induced by corneal refractive surgery.

Comparison of Higher-Order Aberrations and Visual Quality in Eyes Wearing Aspheric and Spherical Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses

김정미,이군자 대한시과학회 2015 대한시과학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Purpose: To investigate ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) and visual quality when wearing aspheric and spherical silicone hydrogel contact lenses. Methods: Fifty eyes of 25 myopic subjects (24.32±2.87 years; 13 females, 12 males) participated in this study. Each eye was fitted with two silicone hydrogel lenses of the following brands: Biofinity (aspheric design) and Acuvue Oasys (spherical design). Best-corrected visual acuity (VA) with high and low contrast and best-corrected contrast sensitivity (CS) at 3, 6, 12 and 18 cycles per degree (cpd) were measured under photopic and mesopic conditions. A wavefront analyzer was used to measure ocular HOAs for 4-mm and 6-mm pupils in each eye without and with the contact lenses. All measurements were conducted monocularly by having each subject to wear one lens design per one day during two days. Results: No statistically significant differences in high contrast or low contrast visual acuity (HCVA or LCVA) were found between the two lens designs under photopic and mesopic conditions. There were no significant differences in CS under photopic or mesopic conditions at other spatial frequencies, although CS under the mesopic conditions at 12 cpd was statistically significant difference between the two lens designs (p=0.012). For ocular HOAs, the level of all HOAs with 4-mm and 6-mm pupils was reduced by two lens designs compared to wearing no lens. Also, there was statistically significant difference in spherical aberration (SA) between the two lens designs within the brands with both pupil sizes (p=0.002, p=0.001, respectively); however, there were no significant differences in any other ocular HOAs between the two lens types with 4-mm or 6-mm pupils. Conclusion: Aspheric silicone hydrogel contact lenses are not clinically different in visual quality compared with spherical silicone hydrogel contact lenses.

2022 개정 고등학교 중국어 교육과정 분석 및 교육방향 연구 ― ‘중국 문화’ 과목을 중심으로 ―

김정미,이우철 영남중국어문학회 2023 중국어문학 Vol.- No.93

There are a lot of tasks to develop textbooks or reference books and train teachers before two years when the 2022 Revised Curriculum (notified on December 22 2022) is subject to be applied to first-year students in high schools. In order to prepare them this study analyzed the contents of general and detailed remarks of the 2022 Revised Curriculum with the comparison between the 2015 and the 2022 Revised Curriculums and presented the directions of the ‘Chinese cultures’ subject. The 2022 Revised Curriculum of Chinese in high schools is related to full implementation of the 2025 Credit System in high schools. Under the credit system students are subject to choose necessary subjects for themselves to enhance self-direction learning. The selected subjects are classified into ‘general·career·integrated options’. The ‘integrated options’ are a supplementation of the 2015 Revised Curriculum and include ‘Chinese cultures’. The ‘Chinese cultures’ subject was categorized as ‘career options’ in the 2015 Revised Curriculum. It is inevitable to change the role and direction of appropriate subjects. The 2022 Revised Curriculum is set to deal with unpredictable changes in upcoming societies and circumstances. For the purpose, the ‘Chinese cultures’ subject should give an opportunity in which students strengthen the ability to use various media and cooperative communication and have their own careers. This study suggested a project through integrated education as a way to realize the goal for diverse careers of students. The ‘Chinese cultures’ could accept a variety of educational needs from students by connecting and integrating many studies. The ‘Chinese cultures’ could also be a subject to help students preparing university entrance exams by relating the activities to personal school records. The ‘Chinese cultures’ is expected to be a small milestone in its direction.

재질이 다른 두 실리콘하이드로겔 콘택트렌즈의 착용에 따른 렌즈 전면의 비침입성 TBUT 비교

김정미 대한시과학회 2019 대한시과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Purpose : To compare pre-lens non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT) and subjective ocular symptoms with two different silicone hydrogel lens materials. Methods : Samfilcon A and Comfilcon A lenses were worn on the right and left eyes of 32 (23.5± 2.92 years, female: 24, male: 8), respectively. After Each subjects attended three visits (on day 1 after 3 hours: on days 1 and 7 after 9 hours of wear), visual acuity using high (100%) and low (10%) contrast chart and pre-lens NITBUT using Keratograph 5M were measured. The subjects were surveyed with questionnaire for subjective ocular symptoms in terms of discomfort, dryness, changeable vision, closing eyes and removing lenses. Results : High and low contrast visual acuity, and pre-lens NITBUT values were not significantly different between Samfilcon A and Comfilcon A. There was no significant difference in visual acuity and NITBUT change during 7 days of wearing each lens. The relative frequency of subjective symptoms of 5 items related to wearing contact lenses was not significantly different in all items, the responses of the wearers in terms of lens preference were not statistically different (40.6%, 37.5%, respectively). Conclusion : The study demonstrates similar clinical results for pre-lens NITBUT and subjective ocular symptoms with Samfilcon A and Comfilcon A. The two silicone hydrogel lenses could not find the difference between the two lenses in the lens wearer despite difference lens materials and manufacturers. 목적 : 재질이 다른 두 종류의 한달 착용 실리콘하이드로겔 렌즈를 착용 기간에 따라 렌즈 전면의 NITBUT와자각적 증상을 비교하였다. 방법 : Samfilcon A와 Comfilcon A 렌즈를 32명(평균 23.5±2.92세, 여: 24명, 남: 8명)의 오른쪽 눈과 왼쪽 눈에 각각 착용하고, 대상자에게 3회 방문 (첫째 날 3시간 후, 1일 및 1주일 렌즈 착용 9시간 후)을 요청한 후, 고대비도(100%)와 저대비도(10%) 시력표를 이용한 시력검사와 Keratograph 5M (Oculus, Germany)을 사용하여 렌즈 전면의 non-invasive tear breakup time (NITBUT)를 측정하였다. 콘택트렌즈와 관련 있는 자각적 증상은 5개 항목(불편함, 건조감, 시력 변화, 눈 감고 싶음, 렌즈 제거하고 싶음)으로 설문지 작성을 하도록 하였다. 결과 : 밝은 조명상태에서 검사한 고대비시력과 저대비시력, 그리고 렌즈 전면의 NITBUT는 Samfilcon A와Comfilcon A 사이에서 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았고, 각각의 렌즈 착용 7일 동안 시력과 NITBUT 변화에서도 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 콘택트렌즈 착용과 관련된 5개 항목의 자각적 증상의 상대적 발생빈도는 모든 항목에서 유의한 차이가 없었고, 렌즈에 대한 선호도에서도 두 렌즈 착용자들의 반응은 통계적으로 차이가 없었다(각각, 40.6%, 37.5%). 결론 : 이 연구는 Samfilcon A와 Comfilcon A사이에서 pre-lens NITBUT와 자각적 증상에 대한 비슷한 임상 결과를 보여준다. 두 실리콘하이드로겔 렌즈는 제조사와 렌즈 재질이 다름에도 불구하고 렌즈 착용자들 사이에서 두 렌즈의 차이점은 발견할 수 없었다