Is renal replacement therapy necessary in deceased donor liver transplantation candidates with hepatorenal syndrome?: a 2-year experience at a high-volume center

Gil-Chun Park,Shin Hwang,Dong-Hwan Jung,Gi-Won Song,Chul-Soo Ahn,Ki-Hun Kim,Deok-Bog Moon,Tae-Yong Ha,Young-In Yoon,Hui-Dong Cho,Jae-Hyun Kwon,Yong-Kyu Chung,Sang-Hyun Kang,I-Ji Jung,Jin Uk Choi,Sung- 대한외과학회 2020 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.98 No.2

Purpose: Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a fatal complication in patients with end-stage liver disease awaiting liver transplantation (LT). HRS often develops in patients with high model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score. This study investigated the outcomes of peritransplant management of HRS in a high-volume LT center in Korea for 2 years. Methods: A total of 157 recipients that deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) from January 2017 to December 2018 were included. In-hospital mortality (IHM) was analyzed in relation to pre- and posttransplant application of renal replacement therapy (RRT). Results: Primary diagnoses for DDLT were alcoholic liver disease (n = 61), HBV-associated liver cirrhosis (n = 48), retransplantation for chronic graft failure (n = 24), and others (n = 24). Mean MELD score was 34.6 ± 6.2 with 72 patients at Korean Network for Organ Sharing MELD status 2 (45.9%), 43 at status 3 (27.4%), 36 at status 4 (22.9%), and 6 at status 5 (3.8%). Pretransplant RRT was performed in 16 patients (10.2%) that did not show IHM. Posttransplant RRT was performed in 69 patients (44.0%), for whom IHM incidence was 15.9%. In 53 patients that had undergone de novo posttransplant RRT, IHM incidence increased to 20.8%. IHM in the 88 patients not requiring RRT was 2.3%. Conclusion: The majority of adult DDLT recipients in Korean MELD score-based allocation system have very high MELD scores, which is often associated with HRS. Pretransplant RRT appears to improve posttransplant survival outcomes. We thereby recommend that, if indicated, pretransplant RRT be performed while awaiting DDLT.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

Nd:YAG 레이저 여기 H₂/CH₄ 라만 레이저의 출력 특성

전성률,이주희,황인덕 慶熙大學校 레이저工學硏究所 1997 레이저공학 Vol.8 No.-

In this paper,we have developed H₂/CH₄ Raman laser pumped by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for monitoring Water vapor or Aerosol in the atmosphere. Also we have investigated the output characteristics of H₂, CH₄ and mixed H₂/CH₄ Raman laser as functions of gas pressure and input pump energy, respectively.

WE DSP32 디지탈 신호처리기를 이용한 LPC해석 및 합성 알고리즘의 실시간 실현

홍춘표,황병곤,남인길 대구대학교 (한사대학) 산업기술연구소 1994 産業技術硏究 Vol.13 No.-

The WE DSP32 in AT&T's second-generation programmable digital signal processor with 32-bit floating point arithmetic. This device can be used in a wide varity of complex digital signal processing algorithms such as speech recognition,high speed modems, low-bit rate voice coders, and multichannel signaling system. This paper reviews the LPC analysis and synthesis of speech signal and presents a real time implementation methodology of these algorithms using the WE DSP32. For efficient data handling, circular buffer is proposed. The implementation results show that deep pipelining characteristics of the processor should be fully utilized to satisfy the timing constraints,

월악산 국립공원 지역의 식물상

임동옥,황인천 호남대학교 2005 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.26 No.2

The vascular plants of Mt. Wo-Rak area were recorded as 583 taxa; 108 Families, 355 genera, 510 species, 68 varieties and 5 forma. Forest vegetation of Mt. Worak area was appeared Pinus densiflora and Quercus spp. community. Endangered plant species degree Ⅱ which are categorized by the Ministry of Environment were recorder 5 species such as Sedum erythrostichum, Berchemia berchemiaefolia, Lilium cernum, Polygonatum stenophyllum and Jeffersonia dubia. Rare and endangered plant species which are categorized by the Office of Forestry were 18species such as Crypsinus hastatus, Lilium callossum, Lilium cernum, Gastrodia elata, Aristolochia contorta, Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Rhododendron tschonoskii etc.

Application of a rocket-borne UV radiometer onboard KSR-III for O3 measurements

Seung-Hyun Hwang,김준,Gwang-Rae Cho,Jeong-Joo Park,Joon-Kyu Kim,Seung-Hoon Lee,Soo-Jin Lee,Young In Won,Young-Doo Chun,Young-soon Jang 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.2

KSR-III, the third Korean Sounding Rocket, was launched successfully at Anheung, Korea on Nov. 28, 2002. One of the scientic missions of KSR-III was to measure the stratospheric ozone density prole by using an onboard four-channel UV radiometer. The apogee of the rocket was 42.8 km, and the total ight time was 231 s. The UV radiometer onboard the KSR-III measured the attenuation of solar radiation during ascending phase to obtain a vertical prole of the ozone density. The detector has UV channels centered at 255, 290, and 310 nm and a visible channel at 450 nm for attitude reference. Because the measurement of the solar radiation depends on the response function of the sensor, calibrations of interference lters and phototubes must be done. The optical calibration system consists of a monochromator, an optical power meter, light detectors, standard light sources, a control PC, and data acquisition software. The application of the rocketborne UV radiometer onboard the KSR-III to the ozone measurement are presented together with the calibration results from the integrated calibration system at the Korea Aerospace Research Institute. Using the calibration results and the in-situ measurement data, we obtained the ozone number density prole, and compared with other measurements.

Pretransplant Hepatic Malignancy Increases Risk of De Novo Malignancy after Liver Transplantation

Gil-Chun Park,Shin Hwang,Chul-Soo Ahn,Ki-Hun Kim,Deok-Bog Moon,Tae Yong Ha,Gi Won Song,Dong-Hwan Jung,Young-In Yoon,Hui-Dong Cho,Jae-Hyun Kwon,Yong-Kyu Chung,Sang-Hyun Kang,Jin-Uk Choi,I-Ji Jung,Sung 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.11

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence and development of de novo malignancy (DNM) after liver transplantation (LT) are the major causes of late recipient death. Methods: We analyzed the incidence of extrahepatic DNM following living donor LT according to the status of pretransplant hepatic malignancy. We selected 2,076 adult patients who underwent primary LDLT during 7 years from January 2010 to December 2016. Results: The pretransplant hepatic malignancy group (n = 1,012) showed 45 cases (4.4%) of the following extrahepatic DNMs: posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) in 10; lung cancer in 10; stomach cancer in 6; colorectal cancer in 5; urinary bladder cancer in 3; and other cancers in 11. The pretransplant no hepatic malignancy group (n = 1,064) showed 25 cases (2.3%) of the following extrahepatic DNMs: colorectal cancer in 3; stomach cancer in 3; leukemia in 3; lung cancer in 3; PTLD in 2; prostate cancer in 2; and other cancers in 9. Incidences of extrahepatic DNM in the pretransplant hepatic malignancy and no hepatic malignancy groups were as follows: 1.1% and 0.5% at 1 year, 3.2% and 2.0% at 3 years, 4.6% and 2.5% at 5 years, and 5.4% and 2.8% at 8 years, respectively (P = 0.006). Their overall patient survival rates were as follows: 97.3% and 97.2% at 1 year, 91.6% and 95.9% at 3 years, 89.8% and 95.4% at 5 years, and 89.2% and 95.4% at 8 years, respectively (P < 0.001). Pretransplant hepatic malignancy was the only significant risk factor for posttransplant extrahepatic DNM. Conclusion: Our results suggest that patients who had pretransplant hepatic malignancy be followed up more strictly because they have a potential risk of primary hepatic malignancy recurrence as well as a higher risk of extrahepatic DNM than patients without pretransplant hepatic malignancy.

미세배열법을 이용한 임신 중 1.765 GHz 마이크로파에 노출된 생쥐의 난소 유전자 발현분석

황종윤 ( Jong Yun Hwang ),나성훈 ( Sung Hun Na ),이향아 ( Hyang Ah Lee ),이동헌 ( Dong Hun Lee ),이희제 ( Hee Jae Lee ),김송인 ( Song In Kim ),전완주 ( Wan Joo Chun ),김성수 ( Sung Soo Kim ),김자경 ( Ja Kyoung Kim ),황희용 ( Hee Y 대한산부인과학회 2009 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.52 No.6

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 임신 기간 중에 1.765 GHz 마이크로파에 노출된 후 태어난 새끼 생쥐의 난소의 유전자 발현의 차이를 확인하여 마이크로파 노출에 따른 태아의 영향을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 연구 방법: 본 연구에서 사용된 마이크로파는 1.765 GHz의 주파수를 가지고 있으며 평균전자파흡수율은 값은 0.38~1.71 W/kg이고 평균은 1.04 W/kg이다. 열 마리의 ICR 계통의 임신한 생쥐를 분양 받아 임의로 각각 5마리씩 실험군과 대조군으로 구분하였다. 교미 5일째부터 실험을 시작하였다. 생쥐를 오전 9시부터 오후 5시까지 8시간 동안 마이크로파에 노출하였다. 마이크로파의 열효과 여부를 알기 위하여 실험 2주째에 직장을 통하여 체온을 측정하였다. 태어난 새끼 생쥐의 난소는 분만 7일째에 제거되었고, 제거된 난소에서 전체 RNA를 추출한 뒤에 미세배열법을 실시하였다. 대조군과 실험군에서 임신기간, 어미 개체당 평균 분만 생쥐 수, 분만당시의 평균체중 및 직장온도를 비교하였다. 또한 양 군에서의 난소의 유전자 발현을 비교하였다. 재현성을 확인하기 위하여 동일한 실험방법으로 한번 더 실험하였다. 통계학적 처리는 SPSS 12.0프로그램을 이용하였고 연속변수의 비교는 student T-test, Mann Whitney U test를 이용하였다. 유의수준 0.05 미만인 경우에 통계학적으로 유의한 것으로 판정하였다. 결과: 실험군에서 분만당시의 평균체중은 대조군보다 통계학적으로 유의하게 작았다 (1.54±0.22 gm Vs 1.60±0.21 gm, P=0.012). 개체당 평균 분만 생쥐 수에서 실험군에서 대조군보다 통계학적으로 유의하게 많았다. (13.60±0.70 gm Vs 11.40±2.17 gm, P=0.009). 미세배열법의 결과 마이크로파 노출된 난소에서 대조군과 비교해서 유전자 발현이 2배 이상 증가한 유전자는 14개이고, 유전자 발현이 2배 이상 감소한 유전자는 74개였다. 미세배열법 결과에서 2배 이상 감소된 유전자 중에 Tumor necrosis factor alpha induced protein 8 (TNFaip8), Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 12 (TNFsf 12), Complement factor D (CFD), chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 11 (CCL 11), Zinc Finger Protein 74 (Zfp74) 유전자와 2배 이상 증가한 유전자 중에서 Bromodomain containing 3 (Brd 3)을 선택하여 미세배열법의 결과와 동일하게 유전자 발현이 감소하고 증가하는지를 역전사중합효소 연쇄반응 (Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; RT-PCR)을 통해서 확인하였다. 결론: 임신기간 중에 마이크로파에 노출된 후 태어난 새끼 생쥐의 난소는 대조군과 비교해서 유전자 발현의 차이가 있었다. 마이크로파에 노출된 생쥐군에서 Tnfaip8, TNFsf 12, Cfd, CCL 11, Zfp74유전자 발현이 감소하였고, Brd 3유전자 발현이 증가하였다. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on murine fetal ovarian gene expression of prenatal exposure to 1.765 GHz of microwave irradiation. Methods: Ten pregnant ICR mice were divided into two groups. At 5th days after mating, dam mice were exposed to microwave (SAR: 0.38~1.71 W/kg) in the insulated cage for 8 hours each day. The remaining mice were treated in the same way. Neonatal ovaries were removed for study 7 days after delivery. Microarray analysis was performed using total RNA extracted from the removed ovaries. We investigated the differences in ovarian gene expression between the groups. SPSS 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The mean birth weight of the offspring in the irradiated group was significantly lower than that in the sham group (1.54±0.22 g vs. 1.60±0.21 g, P=0.012). The mean number of offspring per pregnancy in the irradiated group was significantly higher than in the sham group (13.60±0.70 vs. 11.40±2.17, P=0.009). We detected that in the irradiated ovaries, 14 genes were expressed at levels 2-fold higher than in the sham ovaries and 74 genes were expressed at levels 2-fold lower than in the sham ovaries. Conclusion: We found differences in fetal ovarian gene expression between the irradiated and sham groups. In the irradiated group, the Tnfaip8, TNFsf 12, Cfd, CCL 11, and Zfp74 genes were down-regulated and the Brd 3 gene was up-regulated.

야고보서에 나타나는 리더의 덕목에 관한 연구

전영수(Young Soo Chun),황인태(In Tae Hwang) 한국로고스경영학회 2016 로고스경영연구 Vol.14 No.4

본 연구는 야고보서를 통해서 나타나는 리더의 덕목에 관한 것을 고찰하였다. 현대인간의 생활의식은 나 홀로 인생으로 되어가고 있다. 따라서, 개인주의가 더욱 심화되고 있으며, 현대인의 생활은 정신적인 시간의 여유가 없이 조급하고 무엇인가에 쫓기는 생활이 반복되고 있다, 그 이유는 여러 가지 요인이 있겠으나, 먼저는 직장생활과 경제문제가 어려운 것으로 생각된다. 본 논문의 연구내용을 소개한다. 제1장 에서는 서론의 문제제기와 연구방법에 관한 문제를 논하였다. 제2장 에서는 야고보서는 어떤 성경인가를 성서 신학적으로 설명 하였다. 그리고 본서를 기록한 목적과 저자 ‘야고보’에 관한 것을 소개하였다. 제3장 에서는 리더십의 정의와 시대적인 변천과정에 대하여 그리고 리더의 덕목에 관하여 언급하였다. 제4장 에서는 야고보서에 나타난 리더의 덕목에 관하여 다섯 가지의 유형으로 고찰하였다, 제5장은 결론 부분으로 본 연구의 의의와 시사점과 향후 연구방안을 제시하였다. 야고보서에 나타나는 리더의 기본적인 덕목을 고찰하면서 연구자가 논하는 내용은 리더로서의 인내하는 덕목, 언어사용의 덕목, 지혜자로서의 덕목, 겸손의 덕목, 재물관리의 덕목에 관한 연구이다. 조직사회에서 누구나 자신이 먼저 인내하고, 예의 바르고 인격적인 언어생활을 통하여 상호간의 친밀한 의사소통과 지혜로운 사고력, 겸손한 자세, 특히 경제생활에 있어서 재물관리를 잘 할 수 있는 훌륭한 경영자로서의 리더의 덕목을 갖추는 인격자가 되어 상호 신뢰하는 조직사회가 되기를 소망하는 마음으로 ‘야고보 서신’을 연구하였다. This study examined about the leader"s virtue through in the Epistle James. The consciousness of modern human life is becoming my life alone. Therefore, individualism is getting more intense, and modern people"s life is repeated in haste and chased by something without the time of spiritual time. There are many reasons for that, but first, It seems to be difficult. The research contents of this paper are introduced. In Chapter 1, we discussed the problems of introducing problem and method of introduction. In chapter 2, James explained biblical theology of what the Bible is. He also introduced the purpose of the book and the author James. In Chapter 3, I talked about the definition of leadership, the changing process of the times, and the virtues of the leader. In chapter 4, we examined five types of virtues of leader in James. In chapter 5, the conclusion and implications of this study are presented. In the study of the basic virtues of the leader appearing in James, the researchers are studying the virtues of perseverance as a leader, the virtues of language use, the virtues of wisdom, the virtues of humility, and the virtues of wealth management. Everyone in the organizational society has a virtue of being a good manager who is able to persevere first, to communicate intimately with each other through a courteous and personal language life, and to be able to manage wealth in wisdom and humility, especially in economic life. I have studied “James Letter” with the hope that I will be a personal person who is equipped with mutual trust.

Review : Current status of assisted reproductive technology in Korea, 2009

( Young Min Choi ),( Sang Sik Chun ),( Hyuck Dong Han ),( Jung Hye Hwang ),( Kyung Joo Hwang ),( In Soo Kang ),( Dong Won Kim ),( Ki Chul Kim ),( Tak Kim ),( Hyuck Chan Kwon ),( Won Don Lee ),( Jung H 대한산부인과학회 2013 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.56 No.6

Great advances have been made in the field of assisted reproductive technology (ART) since the first in vitro fertilization (IVF) baby was born in Korea in the year of 1985. However, it deserve to say that the invaluable data from fertility centers may serve as a useful source to find out which factors affect successful IVF outcome and to offer applicable information to infertile patients and fertility clinics. This article intended to report the status of ART in 2009 Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology surveyed. The current survey was performed to assess the status and success rate of ART performed in Korea, between January 1 and December 31, 2009. Reporting forms had been sent out to IVF centers via e-mail, and collected by e-mail as well in 2012. With International Committee Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies recommendation, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and non-ICSI cases have been categorized and also IVF-ET cases involving frozen embryo replacement have been surveyed separately. Seventy-four centers have reported the treatment cycles initiated in the year of 2009, and had performed a total of 27,947 cycles of ART treatments. Among a total of 27,947 treatment cycles, IVF and ICSI cases added up to 22,049 (78.9%), with 45.3% IVF without ICSI and 54.7% IVF with ICSI, respectively. Among the IVF and ICSI patients, patients confirmed to have achieved clinical pregnancy was 28.8% per cycle with oocyte retrieval, and 30.9% per cycle with embryo transfer. The most common number of embryos transferred in 2009 is three embryos (40.4%), followed by 2 embryos (28.4%) and a single embryo transferred (13.6%). Among IVF and ICSI cycles that resulted in multiple live births, twin pregnancy rate was 45.3% and triple pregnancy rate was 1.1%. A total of 191 cases of oocyte donation had been performed to result in 25.0% of live birth rate. Meanwhile, a total of 5,619 cases of frozen embryo replacement had been performed with 33.7% of clinical pregnancy rate per cycle with embryo transfer. When comparing with international registry data, clinical pregnancy rate per transfer from fresh IVF cycles including ICSI (34.1%,) was comparable to clinical pregnancy rate per transfer in European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology report was 32.5% though lower than 45.0% for USA data. There was no remarkable difference in status of assisted reproductive technology in Korea between the current report and the data reported in 2008. The age of women trying to get pregnant was reconfirmed to be the most important factor that may have impact on success of ART treatment.