정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

초등학교 과학 수업에서 발생 학습 모형의 적절성 분석

정병석,장연수,정진우 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1997 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.7 No.1

The major purpose of this study was to analysis the appropriateness of generative learning model in primary science teaching. For this study, 41 children were selected from the 6th grade, and the model was applied to the samples for nine weeks(26hours) Various of teaching analysis tools and testing papers such as analysis framework for teaching, questionnaire for surveying conceptions, science inquiry ability and scientific interest etc were used. The conclusions of the study are as follows: Making a teaching plan for generative learning is required much time to the teachers, but it is useful in science teaching for using continuously this generative learning model is much better effective in applying for a long run. Because it's teaching strategy is almost discussion method it is vary interesting and understandable for students to take a science class. Also, generative learning model is vary effective in changing to conceptions, for example, such as surface change cased by earthquake and intensity of magnetic fields. This model is partially appropriateness for improving in science process skills and scientific attitude and interest to students. In a world, application for generative learning model is appropriateness in changing children's ideas, but it is requires much for a long per.

방사광 가속기를 이용한 식물의 중금속 흡수기작 탐색

정병갑,백수진 고신대학교 자연과학연구소 2000 고신대학교 자연과학연구소 논문집 Vol.10 No.-

phytoremediation은 토양 및 수질의 중금속을 제거하기 위한 가장 효과적인 생물학적 제거방안이므로 이를 위한 식물의 탐색은 물론 syncotron radiation을 사용하여 식물체 내의 중금속을 탐색하고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 부산시내 및 경남일원의 가로변, 고속도로변, 공업단지 주변, 버스종점, 야산중턱 등에서 꼭, 민들레, 애기 괭이밥, 쇠비름 등을 채집하여 포항 가속기 연구소의 white beam 방사광을 사용하여 검색하였다 대부분의 식물에서 티타늄, 망간, 철, 구리, 아연, 납 등이 검출되었으며, 버스종점부근의 민들레에서 비소가, 공단주변의 민들레에서 수은이 검출되었고 특히 대부분의 지역에서 납이 검출되므로서 토양 오염이 많이 진행 되었음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 synchrotron radiaion을 이용하여 살아있는 식물체내의 중금속을 탐색하는 방법은 기존의 분석 방법보다 훨씬 정확할 뿐 아니라 전처리가 필요하지 않기 때문에 중금속 분석에 있어서 널리 사용될 수 있는 매우 효율적인 방법이 될 것이다. Phytorernediation has been considered as the most effective biological methods to remove heavy metal ions in the contaminated soils and water. Comparative contents of heavy metal ions in Artemisia princeps, Taraxacum platycarpum, Oxalis acetosella and Portulaca oleracea were qualitatively investigated by synchrotron radiation in Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. Plants were collected at the industrial road side, high way side, industrial complex, hillside and road side nearby bus station. All of the investigated plants contain Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb. Especially, As is detected in the leaf of Tamaraxcum platycarpum collected near bus stations, and Hg is detected in the leaf of Tamaraxcum platycarpum collected near industrial roads. This result shows that Tamaraxcum platycarpum might be applied for phytorernediation, i.e. biological method to remove heavy metal ions from polluted soil.

방사선 치료 중인 암환자의 정신병리, 자아존중감 및 삶의 질

정찬영,양종철,신일선,최영,윤진상,이무석,이형영,나병식 한국정신신체의학회 2002 정신신체의학 Vol.10 No.2

Polylysine을 입힌 배양면이 GH₃ 뇌하수체 종양 세포에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김정진,백상호,황덕호,황영일,이왕재,이병란 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.3

국민학교 학생들의 과학에 관련된 태도와 과학 불안에 관한 연구

정병석,이명란,정진우 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1994 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.4 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between science anxiety and attitude related to the science of elementary students. To investigate the attitude, modified TOSRA and KEDI's attitude scale were used. To survey the science anxiety, modified science anxiety measurement scale was used. As the Cronbach α, the modified attitude instrument indicated 0.8 and modified anxiety instrument was 0.89. The 1,202 subjects were sampled by stratified cluster sampling method. The major findings of this study are as follows. 1. Fifth grade students have significantly higher attitude scores than sixth grade students. 2. Sixth grade students have significantly higher anxiety scores than fifth grade students. 3. There was no significant difference between male and female on science related attitude and science anxiety. 4. The rural area students has significantly higher anxiety scores than large city students. 5. The Pearson's correlation coefficient between anxiety and attitude was 0.57.

황련해독탕 및 귀비탕의 발효 전후 혈소판 응집 억제 효과에 대한 비교 연구

송병정,이수진,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2012 藥學論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Recently interest of fermented oriental medicines is increasing for the purpose of disease prevention. Hwangryunghaedok-tang (HR) and Guibi-tang (GB) are widely used oriental medicines in Korea. HR and GB are well known for anti-inflammatory and anti-stress effect. Glycosides in herbal medicines are transformed to aglycone via fermentation. The fermented medicines are absorbed more and have less individual variation. In this study, HR and GB were compared before and after fermentation by anti-platelet aggregation effect. HR and GB were fermented by various lactobacillus species. The anti-platelet aggregation effect of HR and GB were measured using aggregometer by optical method. Collagen (4 μg/mL) was used as a inducer of platelet aggregation. After measuring anti-platelet aggregation effect, we analysed the data using WinnonlinⓇ program to fit simple Emax model. Then Emax and EC50 values were estimated. In results, GB had little antiplatelet effects. Emax of 5 GB samples (127, 164, 402, 442, 3163) were estimated near zero and others (129, 144, 166, 693, 744) had high EC50 values (> 1500 μg/mL). In contrast with GB, HR had antiplatelet effects. HR which was fermented by Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus plantarum (HR-127,HR-144) were most effective sample. Emax and EC50 of HR-127 and HR-144 was 99.99%, 174.73 μg/mL and 100.00% 160.48 μg/mL, respectively. These results indicated that Guibi-tang was inappropriate as anti-platelet aggregation agent and Hwangryunhaedok-tang would be more effective after fermentation as anti-platelet aggregation agent, warranting further study.

초절전형 평판 비상등 시스템의 개발에 관한 연구

정종혁,최병진 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.5 No.1(B)

기존의 비상구 표시등은 20-30[W] 정도의 많은 전력 소모와 2천시간 정도의 짧은 램프 수명 등으로 인해 전기에너지의 소모가 많으며, 부피가 커 시공 및 설치가 어렵다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 도광판을 사용한 비상등의 개발에 관하여 연구하기 위하여 가시광선 투과율이 94%이상으로 높고 가공이 용이한 투명 PMMA(Poly Methyl Meth Acrylate)판에 광반사면을 광학적 시뮬레이션에 의해 설계된 V자형 홈선을 가공하여 비상등의 도광판(導光板)으로 사용한다. 이 구조는 기존의 비상등에 비해 광이용 효율이 높고, 설계의 자유도가 높아질 것으로 기대된다. 또한, CCFT(Cold Cathode Fluorecent Tube) 램프, 광확산필름, 프리즘필름, 몰드프레임 등을 이용하여 광이용 효율을 극대화하는 구조를 고안하고, 인버터 구동을 위한 주변회로 시스템을 개발하여 초절전형 평판 비상등 시스템의 양산 기술을 확보함을 목적으로 한다.

발생학습수업에 의한 국민학생들의 시각 개념의 변화

정진우,정병석 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1992 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.2 No.1

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect on the visual conceptual change in light with the application of generative learning model. 32 samples were selected in four elementary schools from Seoul, Kyung-gi areas. They were divided into 12 samples in grade 2, and 20 samples in grade 4, respectively. The results were shown as follows: 1. Visual concept on light was shown the receptive concept in the link of eye and object in lower grade, and the scientific concept from the source of light to object, and to eye in upper grade. 2. The direction of light vision was generally much more appeared after the application of generative learning strategy than before. 3. In lower grade light vision in the clock, candle, book context was represented with only one or two context of the three before the learning, however, after the learning they showed the dual representative model in the varieties of contexts. 4. Individual changes on light vision were shown much more scientific concepts than receptive concepts.

고속치환 영상처리를 위한 암호화 기법에 관한 연구

윤정오,이훈재,홍영호,최병진 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 1998 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.1 No.1(A)

In this paper, we suggest a new encryption system for high speed permutation image processing. We show how to secure attack relative to redundancy in image data. In addition, by applying the proposed permutation algorithm in image data, we show how to solve problems related to scanning sequence and scraming.