소화기 ; 대전 지역에서 급성 A형 간염의 유전자형에 따른 임상 특성 고찰

이영우 ( Young Woo Lee ),양현웅 ( Hyeon Woong Yang ),이진아 ( Jin A Lee ),윤기호 ( Ki Ho Yun ),양성은 ( Seong Eun Yang ),이민지 ( Min Ji Lee ),박세영 ( Se Young Park ),김새희 ( Sae Hee Kim ),이향이 ( Hyang Ie Lee ),이윤정 ( Yun Ju 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.5

목적: B형 간염이나 C형 간염 등은 유전자형에 따른 차이가 알려져 있지만, 국내에서 증가하는 IIIA 유전자형과 기존의 IA 유전자형에 의한 간염의 차이가 거의 알려진 바 없다. 따라서 대전 지역에서 발생한 급성 A형 간염의 유전자형에 따른 차이를 알고자 한다. 방법: 2009년 11월부터 2010년 6월까지 급성 A형 간염으로 진단되면서 유전자형이 확인된 81명의 환자를 대상으로 임상적 소견들과 검사실 소견들을 전향적으로 연구하였다. 결과: 평균 나이는 32.6±7.4세이며, 평균 입원 기간은 7.7±2.4일이었다. 직업은 서비스직, 사무직 그리고 교육직이 가장 많았다. 유전자형 간의 급성 간염에 따른 증상들의 종류는 별다른 차이가 없었다. 유전자형에 따른 증상의 빈도는 IIIA 유전자형에서 구토와 설사가, IA 유전자형에서는 복통과 피부 반점이 상대적으로 많았다. 검사실 소견에서는 IIIA 유전자형에서 헤모글로빈의 평균, CRP 평균, AST 최대 수치 평균은 상대적으로 유의하게 높았다. 그리고 AST와 ALT 및 총 빌리루빈 최대 수치들과 INR의 수치가 IIIA 유전자형에서 상대적으로 높게 분포하는 경향을 보였다. 결론: 대전 지역에서 유행하는 급성 A형 간염에서 IIIA 유전자형에 따른 급성 간염은 기존의 IA 유전자형과 차이가 있을 것으로 보이며, 다기관 연구를 통한 심도 깊은 연구가 필요하겠다. Background/Aims: Acute viral hepatitis A is a major health problem in Korea and the influx of genotype IIIA is thought to be one reason. We examined the differences in the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of genotypes IA and IIIA in Daejeon. Methods: From November 2009 to June 2010, 81 patients positive for IgM anti-HAV were enrolled prospectively. The hepatitis A was genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The clinical characteristics and laboratory results were compared on the Results: The mean patient age was 32.6±7.4 years. The mean hospitalization was 7.7±2.4 days. The patient occupation varied. Clinically, vomiting and diarrhea were relatively more prevalent in genotype IIIA than in IA. Abdominal pain and skin spots were relatively more prevalent in genotype IA than in IIIA. The hemoglobin, peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, and C-reactive protein were statistically higher in genotype IIIA than in IA. The distributions of the peak AST, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total bilirubin values tended to be perched in genotype IIIA than in IA. The international normalized ratio (INR) tended to be slightly prolonged in genotype IIIA than in IA. Conclusions: Recently, genotype IIIA of acute viral hepatitis A has become prevalent in Daejeon. Hepatitis A genotype IIIA probably causes worse laboratory abnormalities than genotype IA.

B 형 간염 백신의 효과 - 산모의 HBeAg 양성 유무에 따라 -

김세종(Sei Jong Kim),윤종만(Chong Mann Yoon),최관수(Gwan Su Choi),김지운(Ji Woon Kim),정남기(nam Ki Joung),장영호(Yung Ho Chang),오은아(Eun A O),양인애(In Ae Yang),유영근(Young Geun Ryoo),이봉섭(Bong Seob Lee) 대한소화기학회 1988 대한소화기학회지 Vol.20 No.1

N/A The preventive efficacy for HBV infection and chronic HBV carrier rate by active and passive immunoprophylaxis was observed in 49 newborn infants whose mothers were healthy HBV carriers with normal ALT activity at delivery. All infants were divided into 3 groups; Group A received HBIG at birth and HB Vaccine (Hepavax- B) at month 0, 1 and 6. Group B received first or second vaccine only. Group C received no vaccine. ALT activity, HBsAg and anti-HBs were tested every 3 months for 18 rnonths after delivery, and the results were analyzed in 3 groups according to the mothers HBeAg positivity. 1) The anti-HBs response was57.1% (16/28) in Group A and 76.9% (10/13) in the control group whose mothers vere normal. The anti-HBs response was 64.3% (9.14) and 57.1% (8/14) according to the mothers HBeAg positivity and negativity. The anti-HBs response was 56.3% (9/16) in male and 66.7% (8/12) in female infants. The anti-HBs response svas higher in female infants and infants a hose mothers were normal or HBeAg positive carriers. 2) Chronic HBV carrier rate in infants of HBeAg positive mothers was 14.3% (2/l4) in Ciroup A, 72.7% (8/11 ) in Group 8, 100% (6/6) in Group c and was statistically significant (p=0.037) (c=0.816). There was no significant difference hetween group A, B, and C in infants of HBeAg negative mothers. 3) The positive rate of HBsAg showed significant difference between Groups A and B, A and C, A and (B+C), (A+B) and C in all 3 monthly follow-up tests in infants of HBeAg positive mothers. But there was no significant difference between (groups A, B, and C in infants of HBeAg negative mothers. The results suggest that the anti-HBs response was lower in infants of HBsAg carrier mothers. The preventive efficacy of vaccine for HBV infection and chronic HBV carrier rate was excellent in infants of HBeAg positive mothers but not significant in infants of HBeAg negative mothers by the active and passive immunoprophylaxis.

Oxidative lipid modification of nicastrin enhances amyloidogenic γ‐secretase activity in Alzheimer’s disease

Gwon, A‐,Ryeong,Park, Jong‐,Sung,Arumugam, Thiruma V.,Kwon, Yong‐,Kook,Chan, Sic L.,Kim, Seol‐,Hee,Baik, Sang‐,Ha,Yang, Sunghee,Yun, Young‐,Kwang,Choi, Yuri,Kim, Sa Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 AGING CELL Vol.11 No.4

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The cause of elevated level of amyloid β‐peptide (Aβ42) in common late‐onset sporadic [Alzheimer’s disease (AD)] has not been established. Here, we show that the membrane lipid peroxidation product 4‐hydroxynonenal (HNE) is associated with amyloid and neurodegenerative pathologies in AD and that it enhances γ‐secretase activity and Aβ42 production in neurons. The γ‐secretase substrate receptor, nicastrin, was found to be modified by HNE in cultured neurons and in brain specimens from patients with AD, in which HNE–nicastrin levels were found to be correlated with increased γ‐secretase activity and Aβ plaque burden. Furthermore, HNE modification of nicastrin enhanced its binding to the γ‐secretase substrate, amyloid precursor protein (APP) C99. In addition, the stimulation of γ‐secretase activity and Aβ42 production by HNE were blocked by an HNE‐scavenging histidine analog in a 3xTgAD mouse model of AD. These findings suggest a specific molecular mechanism by which oxidative stress increases Aβ42 production in AD and identify HNE as a novel therapeutic target upstream of the γ‐secretase cleavage of APP.</P>

Sequence Level Analysis of Recently Duplicated Regions in Soybean [ <i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.] Genome

Van, Kyujung,Kim, Dong Hyun,Cai, Chun Mei,Kim, Moon Young,Shin, Jin Hee,Graham, Michelle A.,Shoemaker, Randy C.,Choi, Beom-Soon,Yang, Tae-Jin,Lee, Suk-Ha Oxford University Press 2008 DNA research Vol.15 No.2

<P>A single recessive gene, <I>rxp</I>, on linkage group (LG) D2 controls bacterial leaf-pustule resistance in soybean. We identified two homoeologous contigs (GmA and GmA′) composed of five bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) during the selection of BAC clones around <I>Rxp</I> region. With the recombinant inbred line population from the cross of Pureunkong and Jinpumkong 2, single-nucleotide polymorphism and simple sequence repeat marker genotyping were able to locate GmA′ on LG A1. On the basis of information in the Soybean Breeders Toolbox and our results, parts of LG A1 and LG D2 share duplicated regions. Alignment and annotation revealed that many homoeologous regions contained kinases and proteins related to signal transduction pathway. Interestingly, inserted sequences from GmA and GmA′ had homology with transposase and integrase. Estimation of evolutionary events revealed that speciation of soybean from <I>Medicago</I> and the recent divergence of two soybean homoeologous regions occurred at 60 and 12 million years ago, respectively. Distribution of synonymous substitution patterns, <I>K</I><SUB>s</SUB>, yielded a first secondary peak (mode <I>K</I><SUB>s</SUB> = 0.10–0.15) followed by two smaller bulges were displayed between soybean homologous regions. Thus, diploidized paleopolyploidy of soybean genome was again supported by our study.</P>

유치원 아동의 Resazurin Disc검사에 의한 우식활성에 영향을 미친 요인에 관한 연구

조선아,김대업,이광희,양영숙 大韓小兒齒科學會 1996 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

The puopose of this study was to analyze the influence of socioeconomic backgrounds and home dental behavior on the caries activity scores by resazurin disc method, 332 preschool children (boys 179, girls 153) in Iksan area were examined for their caries experience and caries activity. The parents of the children were asked to answer the questionnaire about socioeconomic backgrounds and home dental behavior. The sample was divided into five groups according to RD test score. The relationship between each group and a questionnaire was compared and analyzed. The following results were obtained. 1. No significant differences was found for child's age and sex, baby-sitter, sibling rank and tooth brushing frequency among five groups (p<0.05). 2. A statistical significance was obtained in the relationship between RD test score & dft rate (p<0.05). 3. No significant difference was found for parent's age, number of family and mother's physique among five groups (p<0.05). Siginificant difference was found for parent's education level among five groups (p<0.05). 4. No significant difference was found mother's oral hygiene state among five groups (p>0.05). 5. Children sucking human milk had more high RD test score than those who sucking bovine milk (p<0.05).

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

침수식 초음파 검사와 부분결합간섭 검사를 이용한 공식의 정확성 비교

윤일석(Il Suk Yun),박아람(A ram Park),최신영(Shin Young Choi),양홍석(Hong Seok Yang) 대한안과학회 2016 대한안과학회지 Vol.57 No.6

목적: 침수성 초음파 장치와 수동 각막곡률계를 이용한 인공수정체 계산공식과 IOL MasterⓇ를 이용한 계산공식의 예측오차를 비교하여 안축장과 전방 깊이, 각막곡률에 따른 침수성 초음파 검사와 수동각막곡률계를 이용한 인공수정체 검사의 정확성에 대해 보고하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 단일 술자에 의해 백내장수술을 받은 환자 65명 82안의 의무기록을 후향적으로 검토하였다. 생체계측은 IOL MasterⓇ, 수동각막곡률계, 침수식 방식의 초음파 검사를 순서대로 시행하여 측정하였다. 초음파 방식과 수동각막곡률계로 구한 생체계측 값을 SRK-T, Holladay 1 공식에 대입하였고 IOL MasterⓇ를 이용한 생체계측 값을 장비에 내장되어 있는 SRK-T, Holladay 2 공식에 대입하여 백내장 수술 후 굴절력을 예측하였다. 백내장 수술 후 7주 이상 지난 시점에 현성 굴절 검사를 시행하여 최종 굴절력을 구하였고, 각 공식들의 예측치와 이를 비교하였다. 결과: 평균 안축장과 평균 각막곡률값은 계측기기 간에 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. 그러나 평균절대오차는 두 계측방식 간에, 그리고 공식들 간에 안축장과 전방 깊이, 각막곡률에 따라서 의미 있는 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 안축장과 전방 깊이, 각막곡률에 따라서 예측오차가 ±0.5디옵터 이내에 속하는 백분율은 4가지 공식들 간에 차이를 보였다. 결론: 침수식 초음파와 수동 각막곡률계를 이용한 생체계측 방식은 IOL MasterⓇ 방식과 비교하여 그 정확성이 떨어지지 않는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 더 정확한 인공수정체의 선택을 위해서는 안축장, 전방 깊이, 각막곡률에 따라서 더 적절한 인공수정체 공식을 선택하는 것이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. <대한안과학회지 2016;57(6):905-916> Purpose: To report the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) formulas according to axial length, anterior chamber depth, and mean corneal curvature when performing biometry with an immersion type A-scan with mannual keratomery and an IOL Master??. Methods: Retrospective medical chart reviews were carried out for 82 eyes of 65 patients who underwent cataract surgery performed by a single surgeon. Biometry was performed using IOL Master??, mannual keratometry, and immersion type A-scan ultrasound in sequence. Prediction diopter was obtained using Sanders-Retzlaff-Kraff/Theoretical (SRK-T) and Holladay 1 formulas calculated with the biometric value measured by mannual keratomery and A-scan, and using SRK-T and, Holladay 2 formulas with IOL Master??. The final refractive outcome was determined as manifested refraction at least 7 weeks after the surgery, and it was compared with the preoperative prediction dipoter (D) of the IOL formulas. Results: Mean axial length and mean keratomtric measurements as determined by A-scan with mannual keratomery showed significant statistical differences from those of IOL Master??. However, there was no difference in postoperative mean absolute error between biometric measurements, or among formulas according to axial length, anterior chamber depth, or mean corneal curvature. However, the percentage of actual refraction within ±0.50 D of the intended refraction was dirrerent among the four formalas according to axial length, anterior chamber dept, mean corneal curvature. Conclusions: Biometry measurement using the immersion-type A-scan with mannual keratomery is as accurate as that using IOL Master?? for predicting the postoperative refractive state of cataract surgery. However, it is suggested that the best IOL formula be chosen according to axial length, anterior chamber depth, and mean corneal curvature. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2016;57(6):905-916

In silico-Selection of Brassica rapa Organelle Genome-Derived BACs Using Their End Sequences and Sequence Level Comparative Analysis of the 124 kb Mitochondrial Genome Sequences in the Family Brassicaceae

Park, Jee-Young,Kwon, Soo-Jin,Choi, Beom-Soon,Lim, Ki-Byung,Hwang, Yoon-Jung,Kim, Jin-A,Lim, Yong-Pyo,Park, Beom-Seok,Yang, Tae-Jin 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.4

We identified BAC clones which harbor DNAs derived from the B. rapa organelle genomes by in silico mapping of 80,292 B. rapa BAC end sequences on the Arabidopsis organelle genomes and subsequent insert size estimation and fingerprinting. A total of 1,048 putative chloroplast genome-derived BAC clones (2.6%) were identified. Fingerprinting and sequencing revealed that many of them represented the entire chloroplast genome (about 150 kb). Meanwhile, only 59 putative mitochondrial genome-derived BACs (0.15%) were identified and most of them showed rare agreement between the in silico map and fingerprinting. We sequenced BAC clone KBrB042G11 (42G11) and compared it to the mitochondrial genome of B. napus and A. thaliana which showed dynamic rearrangement events. The order of 33 orthologous genes was collinear between the 42G11 BAC and its counterpart in B. napus. Five distinctive rearrangements and two InDels were identified between these two closely related species and the rearrangements were related to the occurrence of small tandem repeat sequences. Sequences of the 33 orthologous genes in the homoeologous regions of B. napus and B. rapa were almost 100% identical. Gene orders showed no colinearity between Arabidopsis and Brassica even though 31 orthologous genes shared high sequence similarity with p-values over 1E-32. FISH analysis using the identified BAC revealed a large chloroplast genome insertion in the pericentromeric region of chromosome (chr.) 4 of B. rapa.

CMOS Transistors with a 70-nm Gate Length for 0.13-μm-Node High-Performance Applications

Kyoung-Seok Rha,Dong-Hun Lee,Eun-Seung Jung,Hae-Kyung Kong,Hyae-Ryoung Lee,Jeong-Ho Lyu,Jeong-Hwan Yang,Jin-Suk Jung,Jung-A Choi,Kwang-Pyuk Suh,Young-Wug Kim 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.44 No.1

Conventional CMOS transistors for high performance with a 70-nm physical gate length were fabricated to evaluate the 130-nm-technology node. In this work, we enhanced the performance of transistors by using high-dose P+ implantation, a plasma-nitridation gas oxide, a hydrogen prebake (HPB), and a mechanical stress layer. We also reduced the overlap capacitances by using an oset spacer. The NMOS and PMOS have drive currents equal to 880 A/m and 420 A/m, respectively, with Ioff = 10 nA/m at Vdd = 1.2 V. The unit delay of the ring oscillator (1 fan-out) was 11.5 ps.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms and Risk of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: a Case-Control Study

Hwang, Kyu Ri,Choi, Young Min,Kim, Jin Ju,Lee, Sung Ki,Yang, Kwang Moon,Paik, Eun Chan,Jeong, Hyeon Jeong,Jun, Jong Kwan,Yoon, Sang Ho,Hong, Min A KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.32 No.12

<P>The balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis is an essential part in early pregnancy. Mutations in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (<I>MTHFR</I>) gene lead to decreased activity of the enzyme and hyperhomocysteinemia, which then induces platelet aggregation by promoting endothelial oxidative damage, possibly resulting in adverse effect on maintenance of pregnancy. We investigated the role of <I>MTHFR</I> single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), C677T and A1298C, in Korean patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). We conducted a prospective case-control study in the Korean population. Subjects included 302 women with 2 or more consecutive, unexplained, spontaneous miscarriages before 20 weeks of gestation and 315 control women without a history of recurrent miscarriages. The genotyping for C677T and A1298C polymorphisms was performed using the TaqMan assay. Continuous variables were compared using Student's t-test, and χ<SUP>2</SUP> test was used to evaluate differences in the genotype distributions between the RPL and the controls. The genotype distribution of both polymorphisms in the RPL group did not differ from those of the controls. For further analysis, if RPL patients were divided according to the numbers of pregnancy losses (≥ 2 and ≥ 3) neither group was significantly different compared with controls. <I>MTHFR</I> gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms are not associated with idiopathic RPL in Korean women, suggesting that those may not be susceptible allelic variants or be deficient to cause RPL.</P>