저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

Nanogenerators: Fully Rollable Transparent Nanogenerators Based on Graphene Electrodes (Adv. Mater. 19/2010)

Choi, Dukhyun,Choi, Min-Yeol,Choi, Won Mook,Shin, Hyeon-Jin,Park, Hyun-Kyu,Seo, Ju-Seok,Park, Jongbong,Yoon, Seon-Mi,Chae, Seung Jin,Lee, Young Hee,Kim, Sang-Woo,Choi, Jae-Young,Lee, Sang Yoon,Kim, Jo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 ADVANCED MATERIALS Vol.22 No.19

<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The cover shows an image of fully rollable transparent nanogenerators synthesized using chemical vapor deposition grown large-scale graphene sheets as transparent electrodes and piezoelectric ZnO nanorod arrays. Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, and co-workers report on p. 2187 the electrical and structural stability of the nanogenerators, with excellent charge scavenging performance under external mechanical loads such as bending and rolling. This study shows that graphene-based nanogenerators are very promising for self-powered rollable transparent device applications. <img src='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/09359648-2010-22-19-ADMA201090066-content'> </P>

실용음악 전공 학생들의 발성치료 전후 성대 및 음성 특성 비교

황연신,심미란,김철준,최용석,김상연,최찬호,선동일,Hwang, Yeon Shin,Shim, Mi Ran,Kim, Chul Jun,Choi, Yong Suk,Kim, Sang Yeon,Choi, Chan Ho,Sun, Dong Il 대한후두음성언어의학회 2016 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Background and Objectives : Many students major in applied music singing have various difficulties in phonation when they sing or perform. But the studies about this cause are lack. The purpose of this study is whether singing voice therapy based on vocal music is effective or not to applied music singing students that have difficulties in phonation. Materials and Methods : Singing voice therapy program had been done to 8 students major in applied music singing during 7 weeks. We did laryngeal stroboscope, perceptual, acoustic and aerodynamic examination before and after singing voice therapy to this students. And we studied post examination results have differences or improvements compared to pre examination results. Results : Four male students don't have effective improvement after singing voice therapy but they shows slight improvement in aerodynamic examination values compared to pre examination values. Four female students shows improvement in aerodynamic examination values and pitch range increasing. Above all, one student's vocal nodules disappeared after singing voice therapy. Conclusion : Singing voice therapy based on music singing is very effective to the students major in applied music singing. Above all, their curriculum in applied music singing should include phonation training based on music singing before training perform and technic practices.

뉴로메드정(옥시라세탐 800㎎)에 대한 뉴라세탐정의 생물학적동등성

최성업,김종석,윤미경,김정일,박석,한상범,이재휘,최영욱 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.3

The purpose of the present study was designed to evaluate the bioequivalence of two oxiracetam tablets, Neuromed tablet (Korea Drug Co., reference drug) and Neuracetam tablet (Sam Jin Pharmaceutical Co., test drug), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Release of oxiracetam from the tablet in vitro was tested using KP Ⅷ Apparatus Ⅱ method with various dissolution media (pH 1.2, 4.0, 6.8 buffer solution and water). Twenty-four healthy volunteers, 23.7 ± 2.4 year in age and 68.9 ± 6.2 ㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was performed. After oral administration of a tablet containing 800 ㎎ of oxiracetam, blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals and concentrations of oxiracetam in plasma were determined using HPLC-MS-MS. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were very similar at all dissolution media. In addition, pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUCt, C_(max) and T_(max) were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed AUC, and C_(max), untransformed T_(max). The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the reference drug were 0.42%, 0.45% and -12.58% for AUCt, C_(max) and T_(max), respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals for the log transformed data were within the acceptance range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 (e.g., log0.94 ~ log1.06 and log 0.90 - log 1.07 for AUCt and C_(max), respectively), indicating that Neuracetam tablet is bioequivalent to Neuromed tablet. The major pharmacokinetic parameters, AUCt, and C_(max), met the criteria set by KFDA for bioequivalence indicating that Neuracetam tablet is bioequivalent to Neuromed tablet.

한국인 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 골격근에서 인슐린 신호전달체계의 결함

최준혁,이관우,김효정,이동훈,이종우,김정은,엄현채,김경미,최성이,정윤석,김현만 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 제2형 당뇨병에서 나타나는 인슐린 저항성은 간, 지방, 근육 같은 말초조직에서 인슐린의 작용이 떨어지는 것을 말한다. 제2형 당뇨병의 발생기전에 인슐린 저항성과 인슐린 분비능 저하가 같이 관여함은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 인슐린의 세포내에서의 저항성을 규명하기 위한 인슐린의 세포내 신호전달체계에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 몇몇 연구에서 인슐린 저항성을 가진 골격근육에서 IRS와 관련된 PI3-kinase의 활성감소와 Akt kinase의 활성감소를 보고하고 있으나 아직까지 명확하게 그 기작이 설명되어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상성인, 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 경구당부하검사 및 인슐린 클램프검사를 시행하고 인슐린 클램프 검사시 대상인의 근육을 채취하여 인슐린 신호전달 체계(IR-β, IRS, Akt(PKB, Rac) kinase, GSK-3)를 연구하였다. 방법: 연구대상자는 한국인으로서 경구당부하검사상 정상인 및 당뇨병 환자 각각 11명, 9명을 대상으로 하였으며, 정상인은 건강인으로 과거력상 당대사에 영향을 줄 질환이 없고, 현재 당대사에 영향을 줄 약물 복용 및 다른 소견이 없는 경구당부하검사상 정성 내당능을 보이는 대상자로 하였다. 당뇨병환자는 모두 제2형 당뇨병 환자로 이환기간이 만 5년 이내인 경우로 하고, 인슐린으로 치료하는 대상자는 제외하도록 하였다. 대상자의 연령, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 공복시 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 및 HbA1c, 인슐린, C-peptide를 측정하였고, "HOMA model"을 이용하여 베타세포의 기능와 인슐린저항성 정도를 평가하였다. 정상혈당클램프 검사(euhlycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test)를 시행하고 인슐린 투입 전과 인슐린 투입 30분후, 두차례에 걸쳐 대퇴부 근육생검을 실시한후 western 법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 측정하였다. 결과: 정상인 11명과 당뇨병 환자 9명을 대상으로 하였으며 대상자의 평균 연령, 평균 체질량지수, 체지방량, 허리/엉덩이 둘레의 비(waist hip ratio; WHR)는 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 평균 공복혈당은 정상군 98.0±0.3㎎/dL, 당뇨병군 208.1±16.5㎎/dL(p<0.05), HbA1c는 정상군 5.4±0.5%, 당뇨병군 9.2±0.6%(p<0.05)였다. "HOMA model"을 이용한 베타세포의 기능과 인슐린저항성은 정상군 56.4±8.5%, 1.4±0.2, 당뇨병군 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01), 10.2±6.3(p<0.01)였으며 정상혈당클램프 검사상 포도당 이용률은 정상군 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min, 당뇨병군 3.7±1.1㎎/㎏/min(p<0.01)로 정상군과 당뇨병군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. Western blot법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 인슐린 투입전과 인슐린 투입 30분후 측정하였을 때 IR-β에서는 정상군이 103.9±2.3에서 241.3±18.6, 당뇨군이 108.9±2.2에서 198.7±6.3으로 증가하였다(p=NS). 이는 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 통계적인 차이가 없었다. IRS에서는 정상군이 111.6±7.3에서 295.6±17.2, 당뇨군이 114.5±6.1에서 222.0±23.2로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 24% 감소하였다. Akt kinase에서는 103.4±6.0에서 416.8±29.5로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 43% 감소하였다. GSK-3에서는 정상군이 107.7±6.7에서 595.7±28.1, 당뇨군이 104.3±4.8에서 443.3±12.9로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 25% 감소하였다. 결론: 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 정상인과 비교하여 인슐린 자극후 IR-β는 인산화량의 증가정도가 큰 차이가 없었으나, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3에서는 인산화량의 증가 정도가 감소되는 것으로 보아 상위 인슐린 신호전단체계부터 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. Background: The glucose uptake rate is the limiting step in glucose utilization and storage. The failure of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in muscle appears to be a primary defect of insulin resistance. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of physiological hyperinsulinemia on the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR-β), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), Akt kinase and GSK-3 in isolated skeletal muscle, in people with type 2 diabetes(n=9) and control subjects(n=11). Methods: 75g OGTT and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were done. And vastus lateralis muscle was obtained before and 30 min into the euglycemic clamp. Western blots were performed for tyrosine phosphroylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and phosphorylation of the insulin receptor(IR-β), Akt and GSK-3. Result: There were no statistical differences in the mean age, BMI and body fat between the control subjects and diabetic patients. The fasting blood sugar and HbA_1c in controls and diabetic patients were 98.0±0.3 and 208.1±16.5ng/dl, and 5.4±0.5 and 9.2±0.6%, and 1.4±0.2 in the control subjects, and 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01) and 10.2±6.3(p<0.01) in the diabetic patients, respectively. The insulin resistance from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min and 3.7±1.1ng/㎏/min in the control subjects and in the diabetic patients, respectively(p<0.01). Compared with the normal controls, insulin-stimulated IR phosphorylation was no different to that in the diabetic patients. However, insulin-stimulated IRS phosphorylation, insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated GSK-3 phosphorylation were reduced in the diabetic patients compared with the normal controls by 24, 43 and 25%, respectively(p<0.05). Conclusion: In Korean type 2 diabetic patients, the insulin resistance may be due to the impairment of the upstream insulin signal molecular network. Further studies will focus on determining whether these signaling defects are the cause of the development of insulin resistance, or secondary to the altered metabolic state, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:685∼697, 2002).

악골에 발생된 특발성 골경화증에 관한 방사선학적 연구

최갑식,최미,안상희 大韓口腔顎顔面 放射線學會 1994 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, distribution, and its relation with adjacent roots of idiopathic osteosclerosis in the jaws by means of the analysis of the 6,220 persons' full mouth periapical radiographs. And the following results were obtained; 1. The prevalence of idiopathic osteosclerosis in the jaws was revealed to be 2.43% in total examined persons, and there was a higher prevalence in females(3.12%) than in males(1.68%) 2. There was a higher prevalence in the mandible(94.3%) than in the maxilla(5.7%), and the most frequently involved area was the mandibular premolar area(51.9%), followed by mandibular molar area(21.52%). 3. According to the types of relation with adjacent roots, separated type(53.8%) in idiopathic osteosclerosis was the most frequent, followed by apical type(40.51%), interradicular type(e.18%), apical and interradicular type(2.51%) in descending order of frequency.

하악골 성장 지표로서 경추골 성숙도의 유용성

최봉선,최남기,김선미,양규호,정성수 大韓小兒齒科學會 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.4

This study was to investigate if cervical vertebrae maturation stages are as useful as hand-wrist maturation stages in evaluating the mandibular growth. The subject consisted of 292 girls aged from 8 to 16 years with normal occlusion. They were classified according to diagnosis by using studycast. lateral cephalogram, and handwrist X-ray film. The results were as follow: 1. Cervical vertebrae and hand-wrist maturation stages increased with age. 2. All mandibular measurements (Ar-Go, Go-Me, N-Go, S-Gn, N-Me) increased linearly with cervical vertebrae maturation stages. 3. Ar-Go, Go-Me, N-Go, S-Gn increased linearly with hand-wrist maturation stages. 4. Ar-Go, Go-Me, N-Go, S-Gn increased relatively rapidly between cervical vertebrae maturation stages 3 and 4. Go-Me and S-Gn increased relatively rapidly between hand-wrist maturation stages 6 and 7. 5. Ar-Go, Go-Me, N-Go, S-Gn, N-Me had high correlations with cervical vertebrae maturation stages as well as hand-wrist maturation stages. These results suggest that cervical vertebrae maturation stages are reliable on evaluating the mandibular growth. 하악골 성장을 평가하는 데 경추골 성숙도가 수완부골 성숙도만큼 유용한가 규명하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 정상교합을 가진 만 8세∼만 16세 여성 292명을 연구대상으로 하여 진단석고모형,측모두부규격방사선사진,그리고 수완부방사선사진을 이용하여 경추 및 수완부의 골성숙도를 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 연령 증가에 따라 경추 및 수완부의 골성숙도가 일정하게 증가하였다. 2. 경추골 성숙도가 증가할수록 Ar-Go,Go-Me,N-Go,S-Gn,N-Me이 일정하게 증가하였다. 3. 수완부골 성숙도가 증가할수록 Ar-Go,Go-Me,N-Go,S-Gn이 일정하게 증가 하였다. 4. 경추골 성숙도 3단계와 4단계 사이에서 Ar-Go,Go-Me,N-Go,S-Gn이 크게 증가하였고,수완부골 성숙도 6단계와 7단계 사이에서 Go-Me,S-Gn이 크게 증가 하였다. 5. Ar-Go,Go-Me,N→Go,S一Gn,N-Me은 경추 및 수완부 골성숙도와 각각 유의 한 상관성을 보였다. 이상의 결과는 하악골 성장을 평가하는 데에 경추골 성숙도가 수완부골 성숙도처럼 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

튀김 기름의 저장 기간에 따른 향신료 및 허브류 첨가에 의한 항산화 효과 `

최은미,윤혜경,윤기주,구성자 동아시아식생활학회 2000 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.10 No.4

The effect of heated oil on human nutrition has recently become of great interest to nutritionists and food chemists, However, the detrimental effect of heated oil has been hardly studied extensively and many problems have still remained unsolved. This study was carried out to investigate the storage stability of the heated oils at room temperature (25±5℃), with the variation in storage conditions (addition of spices and herbs) for 7 weeks period. The rancidity of the oils according to storage time and condition was measured and compared with TBA, ferric thiocyanate, and DPPH method. For fresh oil, when stored for 7 weeks at room temperature, there was no significant change in the degree of oxidation. But for the heated oil with frying materials, the degree of oxidation significantly increased at 5 weeks(p<0.05), When stored with spices and herbs, the degree of oxidation significantly decreased with storage period(p<0,05), Antioxidative activity of herbs, especially sage group was higher than that of any other group.

복합레진 적층계면에서 oxygen inhibition의 영향에 관한 연구

최수미,박재홍,최성철,김광철,최영철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2010 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.37 No.3

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect on oxygen inhibition layer(OIL) for the interfacial bonding between resin composite layers, including shear bond strength, fracture modes and degree of conversion. The first layer of specimen was filled with Z-250(shade A3) and was cured for 40s. The second layer of specimen was filled with same composite(shade A1) and was cured for 40s. The first layer of specimens for each group were prepared by methods as followings. Control(curing in atmospheric air), Group1(curing against Mylar strip), Group2(scrubbed with a acetonesoaked cotton), Group3(using Tescera light cup), Group4(using Tescera heat cup), Group5(stored in disti1led water for 30days at 37℃), Group6 (using bonding agent). The results were as follows: 1. There was no statistically significant different shear bond strength between control and group 1(p>0.05). 2. Group 2 showed significantly lower shear bond strength than control and group 1(p<0.05). 3. The observation of the fracture surface leads to the evidence that a major difference occurs in the case of control, group1 and group 3 samples which break mainly cohesively while the other groups break in majority adhesively. 4. The results of FTIR showed that the degree of conversion was the highest in group 2 and the lowest in control group(p<0.05). It can be concluded that an OIL is not necessary for bonding with composite resin. But if a reduced critical amount of the unreacted monomer is present, it was detrimental to bonding additional layers of composite. Further study, such as the quantitative analysis of the unreacted monomer are required. 복합레진의 적층계면에서 산소억제층(oxygen inhibition layer:이하 OIL)의 영향을 연구하기 위해, 아크릴릭 몰드(하층)에 복합레진의 shade A3를 충전한 후 표면의 조건을 달리하여 중합하였으며 상층은 shade A1으로 충전하고 중합하였다. 대조군(OIL 존재), 1군(OIL 형성억제), 2군(OIL 형성억제+레진표면의 미반응 모노머 제거), 3군(가압하에 중합), 4군(열중합), 5군(시효처리), 6군(시효처리+본딩제 도포)로 하층의 계면조건을 다르게 하였다. 전단결합강도와 파절양상, 전환률을 분석하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 전단결합강도 측정 결과 대조군과 제 1군 사이에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2. 제 2군은 대조군과 1군에 비해 낮은 결합강도를 보였다(p<0.05). 3. 제 3군은 가장 높은 결합강도를 보인 반면, 4군은 가장 낮은 결합강도를 보였다. 4. 6군은 5군보다 두 배 정도 높은 결합강도를 보였다. 5. 대조군과 1군 및 3군에서는 주로 응집성 복합레진파절이 일어난 반면 2군, 4군, 5군과 6군에서는 주로 접착성 계면파절이 일어났다. 6. FTIR로 전환률을 측정한 결과 2군에서는 50.55%로 가장 높았고, 대조군에서는 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 전단결합강도와 전환률의 결과로 보아, OIL은 복합레진 계면의 결합에 필수적인 요인은 아니며, 표층의 미반응 모노머가 결합강도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다. 향후 계면 결합강도에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 미반응 모노머의 정량적인 분석을 통한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.