Sulforaphane protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity

Noh, Jung-Ran,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Hwang, Jung Hwan,Choi, Dong-Hee,Kim, Kyoung-Shim,Oh, Won-Keun,Lee, Chul-Ho Elsevier 2015 Food and chemical toxicology Vol.80 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Oxidative stress is closely associated with acetaminophen (APAP)-induced toxicity. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an antioxidant defense enzyme, has been shown to protect against oxidant-induced tissue injury. This study investigated whether sulforaphane (SFN), as a HO-1 inducer, plays a protective role against APAP hepatotoxicity <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. Pretreatment of primary hepatocyte with SFN induced nuclear factor E2-factor related factor (Nrf2) target gene expression, especially HO-1 mRNA and protein expression, and suppressed APAP-induced glutathione (GSH) depletion and lipid peroxidation, which eventually leads to hepatocyte cell death. A comparable effect was observed in mice treated with APAP. Mice were treated with 300 mg/kg APAP 30 min after SFN (5 mg/kg) administration and were then sacrificed after 6 h. APAP alone caused severe liver injuries as characterized by increased plasma AST and ALT levels, GSH depletion, apoptosis, and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) formations. This APAP-induced liver damage was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with SFN. Furthermore, while hepatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were increased by APAP exposure, pretreatment with SFN completely blocked ROS formation. These results suggest that SFN plays a protective role against APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity through antioxidant effects mediated by HO-1 induction. SFN has preventive action in oxidative stress-mediated liver injury.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> SFN pretreatment increases the cell viability against APAP-induced toxicity. </LI> <LI> SFN pretreatment protects depletion of cellular GSH after APAP treatment. </LI> <LI> SFN pretreatment enhances Nrf2 target gene expression, especially HO-1 after APAP treatment. </LI> <LI> SFN has protective effect against APAP overdose-induced liver injury <I>in vivo</I> model as well. </LI> </UL> </P>

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Pyeongwisan on LPS-Stimulated Murine Macrophages and Mouse Models of Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing Response and Xylene-Induced Ear Edema

Oh, You-Chang,Jeong, Yun Hee,Cho, Won-Kyung,Ha, Jeong-Ho,Gu, Min Jung,Ma, Jin Yeul MDPI 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.16 No.1

<P>Pyeongwisan (PW) is an herbal medication used in traditional East Asian medicine to treat anorexia, abdominal distension, borborygmus and diarrhea caused by gastric catarrh, atony and dilatation. However, its effects on inflammation-related diseases are unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological effects of PW on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation in macrophages and on local inflammation <I>in vivo</I>. We investigated the biological effects of PW on the production of inflammatory mediators, pro-inflammatory cytokines and related products as well as the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Additionally, we evaluated the analgesic effect on the acetic acid-induced writhing response and the inhibitory activity on xylene-induced ear edema in mice. PW showed anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). In addition, PW strongly suppressed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a NO synthesis enzyme, induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and inhibited NF-κB activation and MAPK phosphorylation. Also, PW suppressed TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β cytokine production in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophage cells. Furthermore, PW showed an analgesic effect on the writhing response and an inhibitory effect on mice ear edema. We demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects and inhibitory mechanism in macrophages as well as inhibitory activity of PW <I>in vivo</I> for the first time. Our results suggest the potential value of PW as an inflammatory therapeutic agent developed from a natural substance.</P>

췌장염에 의한 가성낭종내에 생긴 가성동맥류 : 1례 보고

오연희,이채경,김승현,이성우,양창현,이정호,이영현 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

만성 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성동맥류는 드문질환으로, 반복적으로 다량의 출혈을 일으킬 수 있으며, 치료를 하지 않을 경우 사망율이 높기 때문에, 조기 진단과 치료가 필수적이다. 저자들은 38세 남자 환자에서 췌장염의 합병증으로 생긴 가성낭종내에서 발생한 가성동맥류 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 가성 동맥류의 색혈류도플러상 낭종내에 양방향 흐름의 와류를 볼 수 있었다. Pancreatic Pseudoaneurysm within Pseudocyst from Pancreatitis: 1 Case Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine,DongGuk University Yeon Hee OH M.D., Chae Kyeong Lee M.D., Seoung Hyeon Kim M.D., Sung Woo Lee M.D., Chang Heon Yang M.D., Jung Ho Lee M.D., Young Hyun Lee M.D. Pseudoaneurysm from pancreatitis is uncommon, but it can cause recurrent and massive hemorrhage. Because of high morbidity and mortality, early detection and treatment of the pseudoaneurysm is needed. We report a case of pseudoaneurysm within pseudocyst from pancreatitis. Color-flow Doppler sonography shows bidirectional flow and turbulent arterial flow, within anechoic mass.

Formation of Cadmium(II) Nitrate Complexes with Macrocycles

Ho-Doo Kim,Hak-Jin Jung,Oh-Jin Jung Korean Chemical Society 1993 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.14 No.5

The twelve macrocycle (L) complexes of cadmium(II) nitrate have been synthesized: $CdL(NO_3)_2$. All the complexes have been indentified by elemental analysis, electric conductivity measurements, IR and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The molar electric conductivities of the complexes in water and acetonitrile solvent were in the range of 236.8-296.1 $cm^2{\cdot}mol^{-1}{\cdot}ohm^{-1}$ at 25$^{\circ}$C. The characteristic peaks of macrocycles affected from Cd(II) were shifted to lower frequencies as compared with uncomplexed macrocycles. A complex with 1,4,8,11-tetrakis(methylacetato)-1,4,8,11-tetraaza cyclodecane (L4) exhibited two characteristic bands such as strong stretching (1646 $cm^{-1})$, and weaker symmetric stretching band (1384 $cm^{-1})$. NMR studies indicated that all nitrogen donor atoms of macrocycles have greater affinity to cadmium(II) metal ion than do the oxygen atoms. The $^{13}$C-resonance lines of methylene groups neighboring the donor atom such as N and S were shifted to a direction of high magnetic field and the order of chemical shifts were $L_1 < L_2 < L_3 < L_6 < L_4$. Also the chemical shifts values were larger than those of methylene groups bridgeheaded in side-armed groups. This result seems due to not only the strong interaction of Cd(Ⅱ) with nitrogen donors according to the HSAB theory, but weak interaction of Cd(Ⅱ) and COO- ions or sulfur which is enhanced by the flexible methylene spacing group in side-armed groups. Thus, each additional gem-methyl pairs of L_3, L_4\;and\; L_6$ macrocycles relative to $L_1, L_2,\;and\;L_5$ leads to an large enhancement in Cd(II) affinity. ^{13}C$-NMR spectrum of the complex with $L_{12}$ (1,5,9,13-tetracyclothiacyclohexadecane-3,11-diol) reveals the presence of two sets of three resonance lines, and intensities of the each resonance line have the ratio of 1 : 2 : 2. This molecular conformation is predicted as structure of tetragonal complex to be formed by coordinating two sulfur atoms and the other two sulfur atoms which is affected by OH-groups.

Scanning tunneling microscopy investigation of nano-structured α-K5PW11(M x OH2)O39(M = Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II)) Keggin heteropolyacid catalyst monolayers.

Choi, Jung Ho,Kang, Tae Hun,Bang, Yongju,Yoo, Jaekyeong,Jun, Jin Oh,Song, In Kyu American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.14 No.11

<P>Nano-structured α-K5PW11(M x OH2)O39 (M = Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II)) Keggin heteropolyacids (HPAs) were investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and tunneling spectroscopy (TS) measurements in order to elucidate their redox property and oxidation catalysis. HPA molecules formed two-dimensional self-assembled monolayer arrays on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface. Furthermore, HPAs exhibited a distinctive current-voltage behavior referred to as negative differential resistance (NDR) phenomenon. The measured NDR peak voltage of HPAs was correlated with the reduction potential and the absorption edge energy determined by electrochemical method and UV-visible spectroscopy, respectively. NDR peak voltage of HPAs appeared at less negative voltage with increasing reduction potential and with decreasing UV-visible absorption edge energy. The correlations strongly suggested that NDR phenomenon was closely related to the redox property of HPAs. Vapor-phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde was carried out as a model reaction to track the oxidation catalysis of HPAs. NDR peak voltage appeared at less negative voltage with increasing yield for benzaldehyde.</P>

원위 대퇴골의 고립성 골연골종에서 발생한 속발성 연골 육종 1례 보고

정필현,황장수,강석,김용민,오형호,채동주,김종필 동국대학교 경주대학 1996 東國論集 Vol.15 No.-

연골육종은 비교적 서서히 자라며 늦게 전이하는 악성 연골 종양으로 알려져 있다. 골 연골종에서 발생한 속발성 연골육종은 발생빈도는 드물며 타부위로의 전이가 적고 악성도가 낮은 경우가 많아 적합한 수술적 치료로서 좋은 예후를 보이는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 본 동국대학교 정형외과학 교실에서는 우측 대퇴골 원위부 골간단부에 생긴 고립성 골 연골종에서 이차적으로 발생한 연골육종을 치험한 바 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. A case of Secondary Chondrosarcoma Arising from Solitary Osteochondroma of the Distal Femur Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, DongGuk University Phil Hyun Chung M.D., Jung Su Hwang M.D., Suk Kang M.D., Yang Mln Kim M.D., Hyung Ho Oh M.D., Dong Ju Chae M.D., Jong Pil Kim M.D. Chondrpsarcoma is a malignant cartilage-forming tumor that grows slowly and metastasis of this tumor occurs in late stage. Secondary chondrosarcomas arising from a solitary osteocartilaginous exostosis are rare and those have a better prognosis than other chondrosarcomas, and they rarely metastasize. We present our experience with a case of secondary chondrpsarcoma arising in solitary osteochondroma of distal metaphysis of right femur with clinical details.

외과 영역의 복강경 수술 현황

정호근,오민구 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2004 東國醫學 Vol.11 No.1

복강경 수술이 도입된 이래 기구와 술기의 발달로 복강경 수술의 발전과 적용의 확대를 가져왔다. 소개당시 담낭절제술, 충수절제술 등 기본적인 수술에 국한되었던 복강경 수술이 현재는 다양한 장기의 수술에 이용되고 있다. 이것은 많은 장점을 가지는 최소침습수술(minimally invasive surgery)로서 받아 들여지게 되었다. 최근의 수술 술기의 발달, 의료 기기나 기구들의 발전은 기존의 많은 외과 수술을 복강경 수술로 대체하고 있다. 복강경 수술의 적응이 확대된 현재 외과영역에서 이용되는 여러 종류의 복강경 수술에 대하여 살펴보는 것도 의미가 있을 것이다. After introduction of laparoscopic surgery in the general surgical field, laparoscopic surgery has improved and was widely practiced with development of medical instruments and surgical technologies. Initially laparoscpic surgery had been limited to a basic operation such as cholecystectomy and appendectomy, but now it has been used to a variety of surgery in several organ. As a minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic surgery has a number of merit. To date, by improving surgical skills and developing medical equipments and instruments, many kinds of the traditional open surgery were replaced by a laparoscopic surgery. With expanding indications of the laparoscopic surgery, this article reviews the current status of the laparoscopic surgery in the surgical field.

1996년도 덕성여대 신입생 특성에 관한 연구

오진미,김정호 덕성여자대학교 학생생활연구소 1996 學生生活硏究 Vol.12 No.-

조사대상은 1996년도 전체 신입생 중 60.2%인 777명이었다. 조사내용은 인적사항, 가정환경, 대학전반, 대학생활, 가치관, 자신에 대한 지각의 7개 영역이다. 조사결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1.신입생들은 대부분 서울에서 거주하고 있으며 중산층, 고학력, 핵가족에서 출생하고 성장하였다. 이같은 추세는 매년 증가하고 있다. 2.학생들의 생활태도에 영향을 주는 것은 실용적이고 현실적인 동기들이다. 3.대학에 대한 전통적인 이해보다는 취업을 위한 준비기관으로 이해하는 경향이 있다. 4.사회, 문화적 변화가 학교생활에서도 투영되고 있다. 5.학부모들의 학교에 대한 관심이 점증하고 있다. 이러한 결과는 예년과 크게 다른점이 없다. 그러나 신입생들은 예년보다 개방적이고, 실제적으로 바뀌고 있는 경향이 있다. The present survey was conducted to investigate various chracteristics of freshmen in 1996. The data were collected from 777 (60.2%) out of 1300 freshmen. Compared with the previous surveys, there are no significant differences However, the following findings should be considered ; 1.Most of the students come from middle class, highly educated, Seoul resident , nuclear family. 2.Most of the students have realistic and practical motivations. 3.The traditional concept of university, which means academic institute, is changing Most of the students have the understanding of university as practical institute for their future career. 4.Social and cultural chanties are reflected on the students' campus life. 5.Parents' concern about university is gradually increasing.

용매의 선택에 따른 전도성 Polyaniline의 자기적 성질변화

오응주,서정선,노태호,류광선,정상국,송승기 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 1994 자연과학논문집 Vol.11 No.-

Polyaniline(emeraldine base:EB)를 pH에 따라 HCI로 1차 doping을 한후ESR을 사용하여 자기적 성질을 조사했다.또한 emeraldine base를 camphorsulfonic acid(HCSA), dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid(HDBSA)등의 산으로 1차 doping 시키고 이것을 m-cresol, acetic acid, 및 formic acid에 녹여 2차 doping을 한 후 SQUID 를 이용하여 자기적 성질을 측정하였다. Doping에 사용된 HCI용액의pH가 감소함에 따라 ESR 신호의 강도가 증가하였으며, 이로부터 doping에 따라 상자성을 나타나게 하는 화학종이 가타다는 것을아타내고 있다.m-cresol내에서 HCSA 및 HDBSA로 각각 doping된 EB-CSA/m-cresol 과 EB-DBSA/m-cresol 시료 무두 상자성을 나타내었고, 온도가 증가함에 따라 자하율값이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.χ?값은 2.18x10?과 7.87x10?emu/mol2-rings unit 보이며 두 스핀에 대한 Fermi 에너지 level(E?)에서의 상태밀도를 나타내는 N(E?)는 0.67과 0.24 상태(eV/2-rings unit?)로 나타났다.Camphorsulfonic ascid(HCSA)로 doping 된 EB를 m-cresol, acetic acid 및 chloroform 등 다른 용매에서 처리시 관찰된 자화율의 변화를 온도에 의존하지 않는 χ?값과 온도에 의존하는 χ? 값으로 구분하여 curie spin의 온도의존성을 규명하였다. Dependency of magnetic properties of polyaniline(emeraldine base:EB)on the pH of HCI used in doping was inverstigated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Emeraldine base doped with functionalized acid (primary dopant) such as camphorsulfonic acid (HCSA), dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid(HDBSA) was processed in various solvents (m-cresol, acetic acid, formic acid etc.)into homogeneous solution and free standing film and its magnetic properties were measured by SQUID. The intensity of ESR signal was increased with decrese in pH of HCL solution and paramagnetic behavior of doped polyaniline due to the formation of polaron upon doping could be confoirmed from these results. The same g value of 2.004±0.001 measured for all of the samples means that the chemical species which show paramagnetism are sasme. Polyanilines doped with HCSA and HDBSA in m-cresol showed paramagnetism and decrease in susceptibility with increase in temperature. χ? value was appered 2.18x10? and 7.87x10? emu/mol2-rings unit and N(E?) which is density of states at Fermi energy level for two spins was 0.67 and 0.24 state eV? 2rings unit? respectively. The changes in susceptibility of polyanilines doped with HCSA in m-cresol, acetic acid, formic acid etc. were divided into temperature independent χ? term and temperature dependent χ? term and temperature dependency of curie spin concentration was examined.