척수강내 Bupivavacain에 첨가한 소량의 Neostigmin의 진통효과와 부작용

소금영,정종달,김병철,유벙식,안태훈,김훈정,임경준 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background : Spinal cholinergic receptor has been shown to have a antinociceptive action, an effect that can be mimicked by spinal cholinesterase inhibitor. Intrathecal injection of neostigmine cause analgesia and adverse effect in a dose-dependent pattern in the patients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether small doses of intrathecal neostigmine (10, 25 and 50 ㎍) produce analgesia and any side effects. Method : After getting informed consents, 60 patients scheduled for orthopedic surgery of lower extremities under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Using dose-ranging design, patients received either normal saline or neostigmine l0, 25 or 50 ㎍ in a 1-㎎ solution of 5% glucose in normal saline with heavy bupivacaine 12 ㎎. Heart rate, blood pressure, degree of motor and sensory block were recorded. The assessment of postoperative analgesia included time to first rescue, total number of rescue medication and pain score on visual analog scale (VAS) at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 hour. Nausea and vomiting were assessed by using the visual analog scale at 24 hr postperatively and the incidence of them was recorded postoperatively. Result : There were no significant differences among the four groups in characteristics of spinal blocks. Compared to saline, neostigmine groups significantly prolonged time to first rescue medication and decreased total number of rescue medication and pain visual analog scale score, but incidence of nausea and 24hr nausea VAS score were not increased in neostigmine group compared to control group. Conclusion : These data in patients injected intrathecal neostigmine suggest that analgesia may occur at doses less than neostigmine 50 ㎍ and neostigmine 50㎍ has a better analgesia effect with fewer side effects than other doses for postoperative analgesia.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

S-398 : 말기 신부전 환자에서 Valacyclovir 사용 후 발생한 중추 신경계 부작용 2예

( Byoung Hun Lim ),( June Seong Hwang ),( Jung Sub Song ),( Seon Ho Ahn ),( Ju Hung Song ) 대한내과학회 2013 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Valacyclovir is a prodrug of acyclovir, transformed to acyclovir by first-pass metabolism in the liver. In recent years, valacyclovir has largely replaced acyclovir in the treatment of herpesvirus infections, because it is more effective by oral administration. Valacyclovir is used increasingly to treat herpes zoster, although neuropsychiatric symptoms [valacyclovir neurotoxicity (VAN) or acyclovir neurotoxicity], may accompany use of this drug. This paper reports two cases of neurotoxicity of valacyclovir in a patients with end-stage renal disease who was undergoing maintanence hemodialysis. A 68-year-old male, receiving hemodialysis three times a week, prescribed valacyclovir 1000 mg/day on every dialysis day, for herpes zoster of left thigh . After he took his second dose orally, he developed lethargy and disorientation. His mental status progressed to semicoma. Daily conventional hemodialysis was started. After three sessions of hemodialysis, the patient became alert A 64-year-old male who was being treated with hemodialysis was admitted for dysarthria and euphoria. He took 1,000 mg of valacyclovir twice for hepes zoster of fourth level of thoracic nerve. After two days of treatment with oral valacyclovir, he had several neurologic symptoms as mentioned above. We performed daily hemodialysis and after three session of hemodialysis, he fully recovered. In conclusion, valacyclovir can induce life-threatening neurotoxicity, especially in ESRD patients with appropriate dose reduction. But which can be effectively managed by hemodialysis.

ESS 적용을 위한 재사용 배터리의 실시간 용량 및 OCV 곡선 추정 알고리즘

임종헌(Jong-Hun Lim),임제영(Je-Yeong Lim),김동환(Dong-Hwan Kim),이병국(Byoung-Kuk Lee) 전력전자학회 2023 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.28 No.4

고온초전도후막의 확산두께에 따른 전류제한 특성연구

林成勳(Sung-Hun Lim),姜亨坤(Hyeong-Gon Kang),韓太熙(Tae-Hee Han),牟昌浩(Chang-Ho Mo),林錫珍(Suk-Jin Lim),韓秉誠(Byoung-Sung Han) 대한전기학회 2000 전기학회논문지C Vol.49 No.4

차폐유도형 고온초전도 전류제한기의 설계 및 특성시뮬레이션

임성훈,김병숙,조동언,임석진,한병성 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 1998 工學硏究 Vol.29 No.-

In this paper, the characteristics of the shielded inductive superconducting gault current limiter was simulated and analyzed. After determining parameters of design for superconducting tube, iron core and primary coil, simple power system composed of shielded inductive FCL was simulated by the numerical analysis. The currents flowing under the fault condition could be limited below 50 A successfully. It was suggested that as the important facters of operational characteristics, the turns of primary coil and size of iron core play a major role for whether the shieldde inductive SCFCL operated as inductive type or resistive type FCL.

Analysis of axial magnetic field of coil type vacuum interrupter electrodes by comparing effective area at mid-gap plane

Byoung-Chul Kim(김병철),Jae-Hun Yoon(윤재훈),Jun Hoe(허준),Seong-Wha Kang(강성화),Kee Joe Lim(임기조) 대한전기학회 2008 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.5

In this paper, we calculated the axial magnetic field at mid-gap plane between upper and lower electrode in vacuum interrupter by means of commercial finite element method Maxwell 3D and compared on the basis of "effective area" criterion. The models used in this paper are coil type(axial magnetic field) vacuum interrupter electrodes which have different numbers of coil segment. We used Dr. Schulmann’s experimental equation which indicates minimum critical value of axial magnetic field to diffuse arc.

Influence of pitch length and winding direction on four-Layer HTSC power transmission cable with a shield Layer

Lim, Sung-Hun,Yim, Seong-Woo,Hwang, Si-Dole,Han, Byoung-Sung IEEE 2005 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.15 No.2

The design for even current sharing in high-T<SUB>C</SUB> superconducting (HTSC) power transmission cable is required to increase the current transmission capacity and decrease the AC loss. Increasing the contact resistance of each layer is effective method for achieving the uniform current distribution among conducting layers. However, this method increases the power loss and causes the efficiency of HTSC cable system to decrease. Another method to adjust the pitch length and the winding direction of each layer is complicated, which is difficult for the cable designer to find a simple solution for the uniform current distribution. In this paper, we investigated the current distribution of HTSC cable dependent on the pitch length and the winding direction of each layer for two cases: four-layer HTSC cable with a shield layer and four-layer HTSC cable without a shield layer. It could be found through the analysis from the computer simulations that the shield layer of HTSC cable could contribute to the improvement of current distribution of each layer at the specific pitch length and winding direction. The result and discussion for the current distribution calculated for HTSC power transmission cable with a shield layer were presented and compared with the cable without a shield layer.

Operational Characteristics of Flux-lock Type SFCL using Series Resonance

Lim, Sung-Hun,Han, Byoung-Sung,Choi, Hyo-Sang The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2005 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.6 No.4

We analyzed the fault current limiting characteristics of a flux-lock type $high-T_c$ super­conducting fault current limiter (HTSC-FCL) using series resonance between capacitor for series resonance and magnetic field coil which was installed in coil 3. The capacitor for the series resonance in the flux-lock type HTSC-FCL was inserted in series with the magnetic field coil to apply enough magnetic field into HTSC element, which resulted in higher resistance of HTSC element. However, the impedance of the flux lock type HTSC-FCL has started to decrease since the current of coil 3 exceeded one of coil 2 after a fault accident. The decrease in the impedance of the FCL causes the line current to increase and, if continues, the capacitor for the series resonance to be destructed. To avoid this operation, the flux-lock type HTSC-FCL requires an additional device such as fault current interrupter or control circuit for magnetic field. From the experimental results, we investigated the parameter range where the operation as mentioned above for the designed flux-lock type HTSC-FCL using series resonance occurred.

Fault Current Limiting Characteristics of Flux-lock Type SFCL with Several Secondary Windings

Lim, Sung-Hun,Park, Chung-Ryul,Han, Byoung-Sung,Park, Hyoung-Min,Cho, Yong-Sun,Choi, Hyo-Sang The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2005 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.6 No.5

We investigated fault current limiting characteristics of the flux-lock type superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL), which consisted of a primary winding and several secondary windings connected in series between $high-T_C$ superconducting (HTSC) thin films. Each YBCO thin film has a 2 mm wide and 42 cm long meander line with 14 stripes of different length. The power imbalance due to the slight difference of Ie between YBCO current limiting elements causes the significant power burden on YBCO element with lower $I_C$. We confirmed from our experiments that the mutual coupling between the primary winding and secondary windings of the flux-lock type SFCL reduced the power imbalance between YBCO current limiting elements compared with the resistive type SFCL connected in series.