편모가족과 양부모가족의 소비지출구조와 영향요인

정순희 이화여자대학교 한국문화연구원 1994 韓國文化硏究院 論叢 Vol.64 No.2-3

Social concern about single-mother families has grown in proportion to the rapid increase in their prevalence. According to National Bureau of Statistics (1991), in 1990 there were 1.1 million women in Korea with children under 18 old present in family whose father was absent whereas in 1980 there were only 7 million single-mother families. Concern stems from the serious economic and social problems these single-mother families face, the well-known "feminization of poverty." Actually, families headed by single women with children are the poorest of all major demographic groups regardless of how poverty is measured. Home Economists and others concerned with the well-being of families must acquire knowledge about this group in order to find if the needs of single-mother families differ from those of traditional two-parent families. Information on differences in expenditure behavior between two types of families also would provide valuable background data useful in formulation policies concerning families. However, no attempt has been made so far to investigate how the expenditure pattern vary between two types of families, and no studies have been conducted with respect to variations of expenditures among single-mother families as related to different socio-economic characteristics. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to examine differences in expenditure patterns of single-mother families and two-parent families and to find out the effects of socio-economic factors may lead to a more disaggreated view of differences in expenditure behavior between single-mother and two-parent families that does not assume that the underlying reasons for expenditure differential are the same for all families. Thus it can be argued that a structural model of expenditure behavior should begin with some disaggregation of the family under question which reflects the different underlying processes affecting the expenditures of different families. Data were obtained from 225 households living in Seoul, Korea: 49 single-mother and 176 two-parent families. Families in both samples were confined to those that had at least one child 17 years of age or younger, include no persons other than parents and their own children, and in which mothers were less than 65 years old. To compare expenditure patterns of two family types, mean budget share allocated to each consumption expenditure category, expressed in percentage, was measured. Multiple regression analyses were used to estimate the effects of socio-economic factors related to the differences in expenditures with respect to (a) total food, (b) shelter, (c) fuel and utilities, (d) house furnishings and equipment, (e) apparel and shoes, (f) health care and related items, (g) education, (h) entertainment, (i) public transportation and communication, (j) private transportation, and (k) miscellaneous items. The results of this study were as follows: First, the degree of expenditure differential between the two samples differed, depending on consumption expenditure category. Second, there were significant differences in the budget share allocated to each expenditure category between single-mother and two-parent families. Single-mother families allocated slightly more to total food and fuel and utilities and substantially more to shelter and education than two-parent families. Third, differential effects of the socio-economic variables were found for the two family types. Among single-mother families, home ownership had a significant, positive effect on expenditures for total food and education and had a significant, negative effect on expenditures for shelter. Among two-parent families, expenditures in total food, shelter, and education were related positively to total family income. Nonlabor income had significant, negative effect on shelter among two-parent families. Also, there was a positive relationship between expenditures for education and wage of mother and a negative relationship age to mother squared. The results of this study provide evidence that, compared with two-parent families, single-mother families have significantly low level of well-being not only because of their low level of expenditure, but also because of their seriously imbalanced consumption expenditure pattern. Policy efforts to improve the level of well-being of single-mother families need to take into account the existence of imbalanced expenditure pattern and the seriousness of the problem in single-mother families ofund in this study. It is because a family may able to raise its level of well-being without increasing total consumption expenditure, simply by improving the balance on its consumption expenditure pattern.

노인 소비자의 자원봉사활동과 생활만족도에 관한 연구

정순희,정영아 이화여자대학교 생활환경대학 인간생활환경연구소 2005 인간생활환경연구소 논집 Vol.- No.4

The fast rates of aging of Korea has raised issues in the areas related to the elderly and made urgent demands to prepare for the upcoming aged society. Among the many measures, volunteer activities are regarded as to resolve problems among the elderly. In the study an in-depth interviews were conducted for those old people who participated in and didn't participate in volunteer activities under the goals of identifying the relationships between their volunteer activities and psychological well-being and to provide crucial grounds for activated volunteer activities and policy suggestions. Based on the case study results, the following suggestions were made regarding the volunteer activities and life satisfaction of the elderly consumers.

복식호흡이 조기진통 임부의 불안과 자궁수축 빈도에 미치는 효과

장순복,박현정,배춘희,심정언 병원간호사회 2007 임상간호연구 Vol.13 No.3

Purpose: This pilot study was aimed to examine the effect of abdominal breathing on the frequency of uterine contraction and anxiety of pregnant women with preterm labor. This study utilized pre-experimental design and nonequivalent control group pre-post test quasi-experimental design. Method: Subjects were 35 women in total; 5 in experimental group and 30 in control group. Following the protocol by Shim Joung-Ohn(2005), pregnant women who were admitted to the hospital for preterm labor were assigned to the experimental group. They were instructed to perform abdominal breathing 25 times at the start of uterine contraction, which took 5 minutes. Three sets of 5-minutes abdominal breathing(25 times) were performed daily for three days. Before and after the abdominal breathing of the experimental group, Visual Analogue Scale was employed in order to assess the psychological anxiety level of the experimental group. Blood pressure, pulse, and skin temperature were measured to obtain data on the physical anxiety level. Frequencies of uterine contraction were collected using tocodynamometer. For the women in the control group, nursing and medical records were reviewed. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: After abdominal breathing, there was a statistically significant decline in the psychological anxiety level of the experimental group(t=3.11, p=.01). With regard to the physical anxiety level, no statistically significant drop was detected in blood pressure and pulse, skin temperature rose significantly(t=-5.98, p=.00). There was no statistically significant reduction in the frequency of uterine contraction(t=1.94, p=.06). Conclusion: The findings of the study confirmed that abdominal breathing reduced the psychological anxiety of pregnant women with preterm labor and raised their skin temperature, one of the indicators of relaxation response. Besides, the frequency of uterine contraction tended to decrease, although the degree of the decrease was not statistically significant. This suggests that abdominal breathing has a positive effect on uterine muscle relaxation.

대학 교양과목으로서의 소비자교육 교과모형 개발

김현정,정순희 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2002 교과교육학연구 Vol.6 No.2

인간은 생애를 통해 끊임없이 소비자로서 활동을 수행하기 때문에 일생을 통해서 소비자교육이 이루어질 때 가장 효과적인 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 따라서 생애주기에 따라 교육이 이루어지는 장으로서 가정과 학교, 그리고 소비자교육이 유기적으로 연결될 때 비로소 소비자교육이 완성된다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 우리나라에서 실시되고 있는 소비자교육을 살펴보면, 학교교육 중심으로 이루어지고 있는 실정이며, 학교소비자교육의 범주 속에 초 · 중 · 고등학교만 포함하고 대학소비자교육은 제외되고 있다. 대학 내 소비자교육은 소비자전공학과의 학생들에게만 제한적으로 이루어지고 있으며 교양교과에서 소비자교육을 실시하는 대학은 그리 많지 않다. 사회교육차원에서 실시하는 대학생 대상의 프로그램 또한 소비자관련 전공자를 대상으로 실시되고 있을 뿐이다. 이에 본 연구는 대학에서의 소비자교육이 소비자전공학과의 학생에게 한정된 전공교육뿐 아니라, 대학생 전체를 수강대상으로 하는 교양과정에도 개설되어야 한다는 취지를 가지고, 대학의 교양교과를 위한 소비자교육 프로그램을 구성하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 교육내용은 가치교육, 구매교육, 시민의시교육이라는 3개의 대분류 하에 9개의 중분류와 24개의 소분류로 제시되어 있다. 그러나 이는 이상적인 모형으로 대학의 16주 학사일정에 따라 교과목이 개설될 때는 꼭 필요한 내용이 선정되어야 한다. 따라서 대학 내 교양과정에 소비자교육교과를 개설 시 실제적인 자료로 사용될 수 있도록 16주 강의일정에 맞춰 강의계획안을 구성하였다. 본 연구는 대학 내의 소비자교육 교과목을 개설하는데 실질적인 도움을 줄 수 있는 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 대학 내에 전문적 소비자교육을 실행하는 교과를 개설하는 것은 올바른 소비를 하는 시민으로 육성한다는 소비자교육의 취지를 사회인을 준비시키는 단계인 대학에서 실현할 수 있다는 점 외에도 소비자교육의 활성화에 여러 가지로 기여할 수 있다. 그 구체적인 방안으로는 사범대나 교직과목에 소비자교육과목을 필수수강과목으로 선정하게 되면 학교교육에서의 가장 큰 문제로 지적받고 있는 소비자교육 담당 교사를 양성할 수 있게 된다는 것이다. 또한 방학중에 초 · 중 · 고등학교의 교사 연수과정으로 활용될 수도 있다. 학교소비자교육에의 기여 외에도, 대학에서 운영하는 평생교육원이나 사회교육원에서 활용되거나 대학과 지역사회의 연계가 활발해 지는 상황에서 지역주민을 위한 프로그램으로 발전된다면, 사회교육 차원에서도 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed to develop a consumer education program for college students as a general requirement course. Existing curricula or programs for college students focuses on students who majors in consumer science. Few universities have courses for consumer education program as a compulsory course. This study classified curriculum for college students into 3 concepts ; consumer values and behavior, consumlers in the market place, and consumer rights and responsibilities. But the curriculum suggested in this study is ideal model. In order to set up course according to the academic calender, essential contents are selected. So syllabus of 16 weeks for consumer education class was also proposed. The program suggested in this study can be helpful in opening a consumer education program courses in a university. Also it will contribute to consumler education promotion in school and field education.

하루 콩단백질 25g 섭취를 위한 메뉴작성 및 영양성분 분석

한재숙,김정애,서봉순,이연정,서향순,조연숙,한경필,이신정,오옥희,우경자,조은자,구성자,김수진,李承彦,南出隆久 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was to develop menus for daily intake of 25g soybean protein and to analyse nutrients of these foods. Analytical values were compared to the theoretical one using the food composition table and recommended dietary allowances for Koreans (7th revision). The results are as follows. 1. Soybean curd residue stew, Soybean curd, Kimchi saute, and hard boiled soybean and lotus root were selected for the menu for January, of which the content of soy bean protein(SBP) was 33.1g, soybean stew, soybean curd and soybean sprout saute, and Italian deep fried soybean curd were for February, of which the content of SBP was 35.0g. The content of SBP in soybean paste soup with soybean curd, fried soybean curd and fried soybean curd roll, the menu for March, was 24.9g. That of April were soybean curd gratin with soymilk, soybean curd and ham with garlic dressing and the content of SBP was 26.3g. That of May were soybean porridge, soybean flour cake with honey (Dasik), soybean sprout soup and the content of SBP was 26.7g. That of June were soymilk, pan-fried soybean curd, steamed soybean curd with chicken and the content of SBP was 28.4g. That of July were noodle with soymilk, mapatofu, soybean curd salad and the content of SBP was 24.7g. That of August were soybean sprout with mustard dressing, Tossed green pepper with raw soybean flour, Tofu and Kimchi stew, soybean curd steak and the content of SBP was 26.2g. That of September were Chinese cabbage soup with raw soybean flour, sweet and sour tofu and the content of SBP was 23.2g. That of Oct. were Fermented soybean stew, soybean pan cake and the content of SBP was 24.3g. That of November were not-pressed soybean curd casserole, pan-fried mashed soybean curd with egg, stir frying deep-fried soybean curd with vegetables and the content of SBP was 22.4g. That of December were soybean curd and mushroom casserole, fried soybean curd and vegetables, hard boiled soybean curd and the content of SBP was 28.9g. 2. The ratio of the analytical value over theoretical value (A/B%) of one serving in kcal, carbohydrate, protein, fat, ash and dietary fiber were 57.7~107.7%, 42.9~131.9%, 79.2~118.3%, 54.5~100%, 40.7~80.8% and 42.1~113.2%, respectively. 3. The ratio of A/B% of one serving in Ca, K, Na, P and Fe were 44.1~93.6%, 59.0~153.1%, 53.1~117.7% 64.6%~138.8 and 33.8~77.3%, respectively. That in Fe was the lowest among minerals. 4. The ratio of analytical value over Korean R.D.A(A/C%) in Ca was relatively higher (22.0~85.9%) than that in kcal(18~63%). 5. The ratio of A/C% in Fe was 25.1~64.3% and lower than that in Ca and protein in general.

골프장의 잔디 토양에서 살균제 Tolclofosmethyl의 분해

정근욱,우선희,김흥태,사동민,김영기,홍순달,김재정,이재구 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Tolclofosmethyl (TCFM) is heavily and annually applied to the turf soils of most golf courses in Gyeongju to control the fungi known to cause the disease brown patch. The soil samples used for the experiment was collected three weeks after the annual application at the end of May in the year 2002. The preliminary results obtained from this study demonstrated that the repeated field annual applications of TCFM to the turf soils of a golf course located in Gyeongju city in the southern area of Korea showed the enhanced degradation of the parent compound TCFM, especially in the surface (0~15 cm) soil rather than the shallow subsurface (15~30 cm) and deep subsurface (30~45 cm) soils, compared to the corresponding surface (0~15 cm) and shallow and deep subsurface (15~30 cm and 30~45 cm) soils of the untreated plot. It appears that microorganisms in the soil may be involved in the enhanced degradation of TCFM.

중국 연변 조선족자치주 성인과 한국 구리지역 성인의 식생활 양식 비교

이선희,백희영,김정순,문용,정효지 한국식생활문화학회 2001 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.16 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate dietary patterns and assimilation of dietary culture of Korean descendants in Yanbian, China compared to Korean. A dietary survey was conducted using one 24-hour recall method from 730 adults over 30 years of age in Yanbian, China and 695 adults over 25 years of age in Kuri, Korea. The average number of food items consumed per day was 14 in Yanbian and 20 in Kuri and there was a significant difference between the two regions(p<0.001). The foods consumed most frequently were rice, salt, the M.S.G. in Yanbian and rice, green onion and garlic in Kuri. The foods consumed most by amount were rice, cucumber, Soju in Yanbian and rice, Kimchi and grape in Kuri. The average number of dishes consumed per day was 6.4 in Yanbian, 9.4 in Kuri and the difference between the two regions was significant(p<0.001). Total number of dishes appeared in the survey was 253 in Yanbian and 494 in Kuri. The dishes consumed most frequently were cooked-rice, beverages, Kimchi, stir-fried eggplant in Yanbian and cooked-rice, Kimchi, coffee, soybean paste stew, in Kuri. The dish groups appeared most frequently were rice, stir-fried foods, vegetables and Kimchi in Yanbian and rice, Kimchi, beverages and fruits in Kuri. Male subjects in Yanbian Consumed alcohol frequently while adults in Kuri consumed coffee more frequently than Yanbian. The major meal patterns were rice+side dish, rice+soup, rice+side dish+Kimchi in Yanbian and rice+soup+side dish+Kimchi, rice+side dish+Kimchi, rice+soup+Kimchi in Kuri. Stir-fried foods, which were consumed 46.6% of all the meals, were dominant side dish in Yanbian, but stir-fried food, seasoned vegetables and grilled food appeared aver 10% in Kuri. There results show that variety of diet of Korean-Chinese in Yanbian was lower than Kuri. Korean-Chinese tend to keep traditional Korean dietary patterns of consuming rice as staple but were adapted to Chinese dietary patterns of consuming stir-fried side dishes. Efforts should be directed toward preserving Korean traditional patterns of dietary culture among Korean-Chinese population.

자가면역 간염 3증례: 진단 및 치료 반응

박세진, 채희복, 한정호, 윤순만, 박선미, 윤세진 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2012 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.22 No.1

자가면역 간염의 정확한 진단을 위해서는 먼저 특징적인 자가면역 간염의 임상 양상과 검사 소견, 그리고 다른 원인에 의한 만성간염의 가능성을 배제할 수 있어야 한다. 본 연구는 2009년에서 2010 년의 자가면역 간염 증례 3례를 살펴 보았다. 아울러 진단 점수표를 이용하여 자가면역성 간염 진단의 객관성을 검토해 보고자 하였다. 본 증례보고는 2009년에서 2010년까지 본 병원에서 자가면역 간염 으로 진단되었던 세 증례에 관한 연구이며, 주로 진단과 치료에 대한 반응을 중심으로 기술하였다. 혈 액을 이용한 간기능 검사는 치료 전과 치료하는 기간 동안 내내 지속적으로 매 1주일마다 시행되었다. 3명의 환자들은 모두 여성으로 평균 나이는 53.7세(48~64)였다. 세 명의 환자 모두에서 표준 치료 요법에 좋은 반응을 나타내었다. 간조직 검사는 2명의 환자에서 시행되었으며 자가면역간염에 부합하 는 병리소견을 나타내었다. 환자들은 prednisolone 단독요법이나 prednisolone과 azathioprine 병 합요법 치료를 받았다. 치료시작 시점으로부터 치료 종료에까지 걸린 시간은 한 달에서 두 달 사이에 분포하였다. 재발은 한 명의 환자에서 치료 종결 후 5개월 째 관찰되었다. 결론적으로 자가면역 간염 환자 세 명은 모두 전형적인 임상양상과 간기능 검사 소견을 나타내었다. 면역 억제 치료제를 투여하였 을 때의 치료반응은 매우 효과적이었으며, 대체로 한 달에서 두 달 사이에 신속하게 나타났다. 재발은 한 명의 환자에서만 관찰되었다.

Introduction of VP6 gene into Potato Plants by Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation and The Analysis of VP6 Expression in Transgenic Potatoes

Joung Won Euym,Jae Heung Jeon,Young Hee Joung,Ji Young Park,Jae Ryul Joung,Byoung Can Lee,Won Jin Kang,Chul Joong Kim,Hyouk Joung,Hyun Soon Kim 한국육종학회 2001 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.2001 No.9

The Last Ten Years of Advancements in Plant-Derived Recombinant Vaccines against Hepatitis B

Joung, Young Hee,Park, Se Hee,Moon, Ki-Beom,Jeon, Jae-Heung,Cho, Hye-Sun,Kim, Hyun-Soon MDPI 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.10

<P>Disease prevention through vaccination is considered to be the greatest contribution to public health over the past century. Every year more than 100 million children are vaccinated with the standard World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended vaccines including hepatitis B (HepB). HepB is the most serious type of liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), however, it can be prevented by currently available recombinant vaccine, which has an excellent record of safety and effectiveness. To date, recombinant vaccines are produced in many systems of bacteria, yeast, insect, and mammalian and plant cells. Among these platforms, the use of plant cells has received considerable attention in terms of intrinsic safety, scalability, and appropriate modification of target proteins. Research groups worldwide have attempted to develop more efficacious plant-derived vaccines for over 30 diseases, most frequently HepB and influenza. More inspiring, approximately 12 plant-made antigens have already been tested in clinical trials, with successful outcomes. In this study, the latest information from the last 10 years on plant-derived antigens, especially hepatitis B surface antigen, approaches are reviewed and breakthroughs regarding the weak points are also discussed.</P>