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      • 土壤의 몇가지 理化學的 條件이 煙草의 生育 및 이온平衡에 미치는 影響

        金才正 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1981 煙草硏究 Vol.8 No.-

        In order to study "effects of some physico- chemical conditions of the soil on growth and ionic balance of the tobacco plant", 4 parts of the experiment were carried out ; they were concerning effect of acidity (pH), moisture (pF) and anions (Cl and SO4) in soil on growth and ionic balance of tobacco (experiment 1), effect of ammonium and nitrate form of nitrogen in soil on growth and ionic balance of the tobacco plant (experment 2), effect of ammonium and nitrate form of nitrogen in strongly acidic soil on ionic balance of tobacco leaf (experiment 3), and effect of the various ground water levels in soil on transpiration and ionic balance of the tobacco plant (experiment 4). The results of these experiments are summarized as follows. 1.At low pH (3.5) with high concentration of NH4 given as NH4Cl, the high content of NH4 and Cl in tobacco resulted in plants suffering from NH4-and Cl - toxicity as well as Mn- toxicity. As a result of these toxicity, an extremly abnormal growth of tobacco was clearly appeared. In the tobacco grown at low pH with NH4 given as (NH4)2 SO4, a large amount of the NH4 uptake developed Mg- and Ca-deficiency. NH4-N, which had been applied to the soil of high pH (5.8), was almost completely transformed into NO3-N by nitrification and on this low acidic soil the plant were all healthy regardless of Cl or SO4 added together with NH4 -N. However, drymatter production was higher and maturity faster when SO4 used as anion compared to Cl. 2.High moisture content, to some extent, in soil is necessary for a good development and growth of the tobacco plant. Phosphate uptake seemed to be limitted at higher moisture stress. The dry matter yield of tops and roots of tobacco, respectively, were in the order of pF 1.8>2.1>2.6>3.6. 3.In the thickness and the weight per unit area of the fresh leaf, their values, respectively, was higher in NO3 treatment than in NH4 treatment and increased with increasing pF values of soil (pF 1.8 - 3.6). 4.In general the growth speed of tobacco leaf was faster in the order of pF 1.8>2.1>2.6>3.6 of soil. In the regime of pH 1.8- 2.6, the leaf growing of early stage was better in NH4 treatment than in NO3 treatment , but the leaf growing of latter stage was better in NO3 treatment than in NH4 treatment. In the pot of pF 3.6 that is short of available water to plant and lead to the temporary wilting point, the growing of plant was more restrained in NO3 treatment than in NH4 treatment through the whole growing period. 5.Judging from yield, size of leaf and stem of the tobacco plant grown on the pots with ground water levels, 15, 35, 55, 75, 95, 120 and 145cm, a good growth was observed on the pots with ground water levels, 55, 75 and 95 cm, especially the most active growth on the pot with 55 and 75cm. A morbid growth of tobacco was due to the unhealthy roots in the nearly water saturated soil in the pot with ground water levels 15 and 35 cm, and tobacco growth on the pot with ground water levels, 120 and 145 cm was inhibited because of water stress. 6.Under the vinylhouse conditions it was estimated that the relationship between dry matter production (P) and evapotranspiration ( We ) of tobacco was "P= 4 We " and coefficient "4" in this equation was characteristic for evapotranspiration of the tobacco plant. There was a tendency that evapotranspiration is increased with gradual growing of tobacco leaf and then slightly decreased at the maturing period of leaf. 7.The content of total inorganic cation (∑C) and anion (∑A) of tobacco increased with increasing soil moisture, respectively. Total inorganic cation content of tobacco grown on the NO3 pot was higher than that on the NH4 pot, but the content of total inorganic anion of tobacco was almost same in both NO3 pot and NH4 pot. 8.The (C-A) content, which was calculated from the content of total inorganic cation and total inorganic anion, was nearly constant without effect of moisture content (or variation of ground water levels) in soil. But the forms of nitrogen had a great effect on the (C-A) content. The normal (C-A) content per Kg dry matter for leaf of the tobacco plant in the NH4 pot was 1200 - 1300 me, for stem 750- 850 me and for root 550-650 me, and for leaf in the NO3 pot it was 1800- 2300 me, for stem 950- 1250 me and for root 850- 1000 me. Also the (C-A) content of leaf of tobacco grown in strongly acidic soil was 1200 - 1300 me in the NH4 pot and 1800- 2000me in the NO3 pot. 9.Generally the (C-A) content of leaf of tobacco grown in the NO3 treated soil was almost 2 times as much as that in NH4 treated soil. When the (C-A) content considered to be carboxylate content of tobacco, it is regarded that tobacco grown on soil with NO3 treatment would be better in combustibility and smoking taste than that with NH4 treatment . 10. K and Ca content of tobacco leaf was higher when Cl was applied as anion to soil compared to SO4. Addition of Cl to soil, which is one of the ways to increase K uptake to tobacco, not only interferes the growth of tobacco but also deteriorates the quality. In this respect, application of NO3-N will be an advisable method to increase K content together with SO4 or H2 PO4 and to decrease Cl content of tobacco leaf.

      • 幼若家兎의 長管骨 骨端成長板에 X 線照射가 미치는 影響에 關한 組織學的 硏究

        金在正,李弘鍵 고려대학교 의과대학 1975 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.12 No.1

        The effect of X-irradiation upon the growth of long and flat bones has been of interest ever since the discovery of roentgen ray in 1895. The roentgen ray has been applied very effectively for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases but complications such as the stunting of bone growth, fracture, radiation osteitis, decalcification, bony necrosis and very rarely malignant tumors of bone have been reported to occur in the course of roentgen ray therapy. Since the appearance of Perthes’ report(1903) which first demonstrated gross underdevelopment of osseous structures following X-irradiation, numerous investigations have been recorded on the subject of the effect of X-irradiation on the skeletal system. From a careful review of all the literatures available, it appears that there has been a conspicuous lack of clearness about the amount of radiation doses necessary to inhibit the growth of bone, the duration of the effect and the accompanying histological changes. The author, therefore, has undertaken this study in order to obtain the detailed histological changes of the epiphyseal plates in the growing rabbits following X-irradiation. Experimental method: One handred rabbits weighing 500 to 700 gm were used all experiments. These were subdivided into Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ according to the method of X-irradiation to the right knee: Group Ⅰ: A total dose of 3000 R was given in 6 increments within 3 weeks. Group Ⅱ: A total dose of 3000 R was given in 3 increments within 3 weeks. Group Ⅲ: A single dose of 3000 R was given at one setting. The irradiated rabbits were sacrificed at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 6th, and 8th week respectively and the histological observations of the epiphyseal plates of distal femurs were made. Major findings observed are summarized as follows: 1. The distortion of cartilage columns and the atrophy of epiphyseal plates following X-irradiation were found in each group. 2. In Group Ⅰ and Ⅱ, the damaged epiphyseal plates following X-irradiation began to regenerate at the 4th week and returned almost to normal feature at the 6th-8th week. On the other hand, in Group Ⅲ the calcified cells remained persistently at the zone of developing trabeculae of metaphysic as well as at the zone of calcifing cartilage and therefore normal ossification process of the trabeculae was disturbed and delayed. 3. Bony change at the zone of trabeculae following X-irradiation was mild in Group Ⅰ, moderate in Group Ⅱ and most severe in Group Ⅲ. 4. Regeneration process of the damaged epiphyseal plates began early in Group Ⅰ and it was most retarded in group Ⅲ. 5. In group Ⅲ, there were fatty infiltration and few cellular elements in the bone marrow cavity, and myelofibrosis of the marrow tissue appeared. Therefore, it was apparent that the regeneration process was retarded. 6. X-irradiation in divided doses causes less damage to the epiphyseal plate and accordingly regenerative process was so much faster.

      • KCI등재

        Toothache Caused by Sialolithiasis of the Submandibular Gland

        김재정,이희진,김영군,권정승,최종훈,안형준 대한안면통증∙구강내과학회 2018 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.43 No.3

        Sialolithiasis is the most frequent disease of the salivary glands, causing swelling and/or pain of the affected site. We report a 44-year-old woman who presented with severe pain in the lower left second molar region without swelling. Sialoliths on her left submandibular gland were confirmed by radiographic examinations. After robot-assisted sialoadenectomy, the pain did not recur but remained facial paralysis and unaesthetic scar.

      • 土壤의 몇가지 物理的, 化學的 性質이 煙草植物의 이온平衡(Ionic Balance)에 미치는 影響

        金才正 충북대학교 엽연초연구소 1978 煙草硏究 Vol.5 No.-

        An experiment with the tobacco plant was conducted in the pots. A sandy humic soil was used with 2 levels of pH,3.5, and 5.8, with 2 kinds of anions, Cl as NH4Cl and SO4 as (NH4) 2SO4, and with 4 levels of pF, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.5. The pH-treatment created different N-forms; NH4 at low pH(3.5) and NO3 at high pH (5.8) At low pH with high concentration of NH4 given as NH4Cl, the high content of Cl in tobacco resulted in plants suffering from NH4- and Cl-toxicity, as well as Mn-toxicity. As a result of this a small and extremly abnormal growth was clearly appeared. In the tobacco grown at low pH with NH4 given as (NH4)2SO4, a large amount of the NH4-uptake developed Mg-and Ca-deficiency. The plants grown at high pH were all healthy, however, dry matter production was higher and maturity faster when SO4 was used as anion compared to Cl. It seems that at both pH values, the N-metabolism in the plants growing on the SO4 treatment is more active than in those growing on the Cl treatment. High moisture content in soil is necessary for a good development and growth of the tobacco plant. Phosphate uptake seemed to be limitted at higher moisture stress. The dry matter yields of tops and roots, respectively, were in the order of pF 1.5>2,0>2.5>3.5. Date of chemical analysis and dry matter yields of tops and roots showed that the tobacco plant followed the normal (C-A) concept. In the normal growth of plants, the carboxylate contente of tops was quite comparable to the estimated (C-A) values. If NH4 content of plants remains in quite high quantities, it must be analysed and take into consideration for the (C-A) calculation. Al is net transported towards tops in toxic amounts due to its high immobility, it mostly stay in or on the roots, probably precipitated as a salt, When Al is present in high quantities, it has to be considered into the (C-A) calculation.

      • 한국의 토양 / 비료학 교육과 그 문제점

        김재정,홍순달 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회 세미나 Vol.2008 No.5

        1906년 수원농림학교의 창설로 시작된 우리나라의 토양/비료학 교육은 100여년의 연혁을 기록하고 있다. 1944년 대구농업전문학교에 농예화학과가 설치되면서 토양학, 비료학 교육이 어느 정도 틀을 잡기 시작하였고, 광복 후 정부수립과 더불어 각 지역에 설립된 국공립대학교 농과대학과 몇몇 사립대에 농화학과가 신설됨으로써 토양/비료학교육이 많은 대학에서 이루어지게 되었다. 1980년대 이후에는 토양/비료학의 교육 내용이 농업생산을 위한 영역으로부터 환경, 생태, 자연자원의 영역으로 확대되는 경향을 보여 왔다. 또한 토양을 물이나 공기 같은 자연자원이라는 개념에서 토양의 질 (quality) 이나 건강성(health)의 유지와 회복의 문제도 중요하게 다루고 있다. 한편 토양은 범지구적 문제인 탄산가스(CO₂) 순환과정에서 저장고 역할을 할 수 있는 매체로서 주목 받고 있는데, 이 분야에 대한 교육과 연구에도 많은 관심을 기울여야 할 것이다. 1990년대 이후 대학의 구조조정에 의한 학부제 및 학과의 통폐합으로 사립대학교에서는 농화학과가 폐과되거나 흡수통폐합 되면서 토양/비료학교육이 거의 없어지거나 축소되면서 명맥을 유지하기고 어려운 실정에 처해 있으며, 국공립대학교 농화학과의 경우는 학부/학과/전공의 명칭을 생명환경화학, 응용생명화학, 환경생명화학, 응용생물화학, 자원생물환경화학, 식물자원환경 등으로 개칭하여, 매우 복합적인 전공요소가 함축되어 있으므로 토양을 전공하는 교육과정을 구성하기가 어려운 현실 속에서 토양학 교육이 실시되고 있는 실정이다. 강원대와 충북대를 제외하고는 대학에 따라 토양학이나 비료학 교수 1인, 또는 토양학 교수 1인과 비료학 교수 1인에 의한 2인으로 운영되는 것이 대부분이다. 이 경우 다양한 전공요소로 구성되어있는 토양학 교육을 하나의 학문적 정체성을 갖는 전공분야로 교육한다는 것이 거의 불가능한 일이다. 토양전공의 교육 기관이 되려면 토양분야 전공에 따른 여러명의 교수인력(Faculty staff)과 보조인력(Technical & management staff)이 학부(Division)나 학과(Department)를 조직하거나 단위체(Unit) 또는 팀이나 그룹(Team or Group)을 형성하여 교육과 연구를 수행하여야 할 것이다. 그러므로 미국이나 유럽 등 다른 나라 대학들처럼 우리나라도 학과의 명칭에 분명하게 토야(soil)이란 전공영역의 핵심용어(key word)가 표시된 학과/전공의 명칭을 갖는 대학이 몇 곳은 출현하여야 할 것으로 생각된다. 토양학분야 전문교육기관(대학의 학과)이 없는 우리나라의 현실에서 앞으로 토양학과의 설치는 토양학분야의 생존의 길이라고 생각된다. 토양학 전문교육기관의 출현은 우리나라의 토양학 발전과 그 정체성을 살릴 뿐 아니라, 국제적으로도 토양학영역에서 우리의 위치를 인정받게 될 것이다. 2014년 세계토양학대회(WCSS)의 개최를 준비하는 나라로서 토양학전공의 학과가 단 하나도 없다는 것을 어떻게 설명하여야 할까? 우리 모두의 깊은 고뇌와 반성이 필요한 부분이다.

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