대형정신병원 입원환자의 수면제 처방에 관련된 인자

김현숙,서혜수,송인제,손진욱 대한생물치료정신의학회 1997 생물치료정신의학 Vol.3 No.1

만성화된 환자들이 주로 입원하여 있는 대형정신병원에서 수면제의 처방에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 조사해 보고자 하였다. 1996년 10월 2일 국립부곡정신병원에 입원해 있는 환자 402명을 대상으로 병록지조사를 통해 입원시부터 조사당일까지의 수면제 사용을 조사였다. 담당의사의 routine order에 의한 수면제 처방의 여부, 담당의사의 p.r.n. order에 의한 처방 여부, 당직의사에 의한 수면제 처방 여부를 조사하여 환자의 나이, 성별, 진단, 입원횟수, 유병기간, 담당의사의 정신과 근무 연수 등의 변수에 따라 비교해 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 207명(51.5%)이 재원기간동안 최소한 일회 이상 수면제를 복용하였고, 195명(48.5%)은 수면제를 복용한 적이 없었다. 2) 담당의사의 routine order에 의한 수면제 처방의 빈도는 남자에 비해 여자에서 높았다. 3) 담당의사의 routine order에 의한 수면제 처방의 빈도는 전문의가 담당의사인 환자군에서 높았다. 4) 담당의사의 p.r.n. order에 의한 수면제 처방의 빈도는 전공의 1년차가 담당하는 환자나 전문의가 담당하는 환자에서 높았다. 5) 연령, 진단, 유병기간, 입원횟수 등은 수면제 처방의 빈도와 유의한 관계가 없었다. 이상의 결과를 통해 국립부곡정신병원의 입원환자에서 수면제의 처방이 환자의 성별과 담당의사의 정신과 근무 연수와 관계됨을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that were associated with the prescription of hypnotics in inpatients of a large mental hospital. The medical records were reviewed in 402 inpatients who were admitting in Bugok National Mental Hospital at October 2, 1996. The results were as follows: 1) Fifty-one percent of the whole group received a hypnotics at least once during hospitalization. 2) The prescription of hypnotics by routine order of doctor in charge was more frequent in female patients than male patients. 3) The prescription of hypnotics by routine order of doctor in change was more frequent in patients whose doctor in charge was a psychiatric specialist than patients whose doctor in charge was a psychiatric resident. 4) The prescription of hypnotics by p.r.n. order of doctor in charge was more frequent in patients whose doctor in charge was a first-year psychiatric resident or a psychiatric specialist than a second, a third, or a forth-year psychiatric resident. 5) Age, duration of illness, frequency of admission, and diagnosis were not significantly associated with frequency of hypnotics prescription. These findings suggest that the prescription of hypnotics in inpatients of Bugok National Mental Hospital was positively associated with patient's sex and duration of service of doctor in charge.

메모리 친수성 아크릴릭 인공수정체의 백내장 수술 2년후 임상결과

김유리,서성욱,정인영,송준경,Eu Rie Kim,Seong Wook Seo,In Young Chung,Jun Kyong Song 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.3

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of thermoplastic, hydrophilic acrylic IOL CV232 (MemoryLens?, CIVA Vision, USA) to those of hydrophobic acrylic IOL AR40e (Sensar?, AMO, USA). Methods: Twenty patients had in-the-bag implantation of a MemoryLens? IOL in 1 eye and a Sensar? in the opposite eye in a randomized fashion after uneventful phacoemulsification. We evaluated the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) at a mean 30.05 months after surgery. Results: Two years postoperatively, a BCVA of 0.8 or better was found in 65% of the MemoryLens? group and in 60% of the Sensar? group. There was no statistically significant differences between the two groups (p>0.50). PCO developed in 55% in the MemoryLens? group and in 65% of the Sensar? group. Again, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (p>0.50). Conclusions: There were no significant differences between the two different intraocular lenses in BCVA or PCO postoperatively.

Depletion of adipocyte Becn1 leads to lipodystrophy and metabolic dysregulation

Yaechan Song,Young Jin,Yul Ji,Sung Sik Choe,Yong Geun Jeon,Heeju Na,Tae Wook Nam,Hye Jeong Kim,Hahn Nahmgoong,Sung Min Kim,Jae-woo Kim,Ki Taek Nam,Je Kyung Seong,Daehee Hwang,Chan Bae Park,In Hye Lee 한국실험동물학회 2021 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

Macroautophagy is a catabolic process that delivers damaged and unnecessary cytosolic contents to lysosomes for removal of defective subcellular organelles and proteins. Becn1 is a key regulator of autophagy, forming a complex with class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K-III) to initiate autophagosome formation. Although Becn1 has been implicated in numerous diseases such as cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disease, its function in mature adipocytes remains elusive. In this study, we implemented Adipoq-Cre to generate adipocyte-specific Becn1 KO (BaKO) mice to identify the function of autophagy in adipose tissue homeostasis. BaKO mice naturally developed severe lipodystrophy and metabolic dysregulation, which were exacerbated upon high dietary fat intake. These mice also acquired adipose tissue inflammation, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance which advanced to early mortality. Immortalized stromal vascular cells (imSVCs) were established in-vitro to conditionally knock-out Becn1 upon tamoxifen treatment. Ablation of Becn1 in adipocytes led to programmed cell death in a cell-autonomous manner, accompanied by elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress gene expression. Furthermore, we observed that Becn1 depletion sensitized mature adipocytes to ER stress through activation of protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) – eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eiF2α) axis. This led to excessive unfolded protein response (UPR) and accelerated cell death through notable induction of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Bax expression. Taken together, these data suggest that adipocyte-Becn1 would serve as a crucial player for adipocyte survival and adipose tissue homeostasis.

백서 소장 점막 이당류 분해 효소 순응에 대한 연구

임경욱(Kyong Wook Yim),고광철(Kwang Chul Koh),김유철(Yoo Chul Kim),임용철(Yong Chul Lim),이효석(Hyo Suk Lee),윤용범(Yong Bum Yoon),송인성(In Sung Song),김정룡(Chung Yong Kim) 대한내과학회 1988 대한내과학회지 Vol.35 No.1

N/A There is plenty of evidence that the intestinal disaccharidases such as sucrase and maltase are adaptive by their substrates. However the intestinal lactase adaptiveness is still controversial despite results which positively suggest its adaptiveness in young experimental animals. The authors designed the following experiment with six groups of adult Wistar rats, each of which consists of ten 210 g average adult rats, to investigate whether dietary lactose solutions would increase the intestinal lactase specific acitivity and to observe the effects of various dietary solutions on other intestinal enzyme specific activities at the same time. All of the animals were fed by standard rat chow ad libitum and the first group (control) was made to suck tap water the second group a 5% glucose solution, the third group a 10 sucrose solution, and the fourth, fifth, and sixth groups 5%-, 10%- and 15% lactose solutions respectively, also ad libitum as the fluid source for a six week period. At the end of the experiment, the small intestines were divided into three segments of equal length from the Treitz ligament to the terminal ileum, from each of which one tissue section was made and specific enzyme activities (lactase, sucrase, trehalase, alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase N) were assayed. The results were as follows: 1) There was no difference in mean body weight during the experimental period. (mean±S.D; 230±12.3) 2) No histological differences between the groups were noted in each of the three segments. 3) The intestinal trehalase, alkaline phosphatase, aminopeotidase N, and lactase, which was the key enzyme of this experiment, were not adapted by these experimental solutions. 4) The intestinal sucrase specitic activities, especially of the middle segment, from animals fed with 5% glucose, 10% sucrose, 10%-and 15%-lactose solutions, in- creased from a control group value of 41.8±18.4 to 72.1±15.1, 73.0±12.0, 71.3±24.9 and 66.4±11.0mu/mg protein (p<0.01 in all) respectively, confirming again its adaptiveness. We concluded that the intestinal lactase was not adapted by these 5-15% lactose solutions in six weeks, To the contrary, the sucrase was adapted by various carbohydrate solutions which suggested that the adaptation was substrate non-specific and was by local effect rather than distant hormonal or neural effects.

Gastrosplenic Fistula Complicated in a Patient with N on-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Seong Eun Yang,Jong Youl Jin,Chi Won Song,Ji Chan Park,Jee In Lee,Wook Kim,Jeana Kim,Hae Giu Lee 대한암학회 2002 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.34 No.2

Reported cases of gastrosplenic fistulas are extremelyrare in the literature. Malignancy is the primary cause in50% of patients, followed by perforated peptic ulcer(40%). Fistulas can cause spleen rupture and potentialbleeding that threaten the life of the patient. Lymphomais the most common cause of malignancy complicatedwith gastrosplenic fistula. Most gastrosplenic fistulaecaused by lymphoma eventually close following chemotherapy,although splenectomy should be performed toavoid further complications.We experienced a case of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomacomplicated with gastrosplenic fistula in a 21 year-oldman. He was admitted to our hospital because of LUQmass.On the abdominal CT, a splenic mass with central necrosisand gas was discovered. The biopsy specimen of thestomach and spleen displayed diffuse, large B cell typenon-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. After one cycle of CHOP chemotherapy,the LUQ mass was markedly regressedalthough the gastrosplenic fistula was still present on thefollow-up CT. The fistula was treated by splenectomy anda partial resection of gastric fundus. Follow-up chemotherapywas continued after surgery. (Cancer Res Treat. 2002;34:153-156)

고등학교 화학 I 과정 “물” 단원에서 학업성취도 평가문항의 내용타당도 분석

백성혜,이은준,김정수,송영욱,김용진,정정인,한재영 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2008 교과교육학연구 Vol.12 No.1

학교 교육에서 평가는 교육목표 달성 확인 및 교수 계획 수립에 중요한 역할을 한다. 따라서 학생들의 학업성취도 평가는 높은 내용타당도를 가지고 있어야 한다. 즉, 학업성취도 문항은 수업목표에 비추어 적절하고 학습한 내용을 포괄할 수 있어야 한다. 학교 현장에서 평가 문항의 타당도는매우 중요한 반면, 실제 학교에서 사용되는 고등학교 화학 과목의 평가 문항들이 어느 정도 내용타당도를 가지고 있는지 조사되는 경우가 거의 없다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 학교현장에서 실시되는화학 학업성취도 평가문항이 행동차원과 내용차원에서 어느 정도의 내용 타당도를 가지는지 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위한 연구의 대상은 제7차 교육과정에 의하여 개발된 동일한 화학Ⅰ 교과서를 교재로 사용하고 있는 5개 학교의 ‘물’ 단원에 대한 1학기 중간고사 평가문항이었다. 내용타당도 분석을 위한 과정은 첫째, 교과서와 교사용지도서에서 34개의 수업목표를 내용차원과 행동차원으로 이원 분류하였다. 둘째, 5개 고등학교의 평가문항에서 121개의 평가문항을 행동차원과 내용차원으로 이원 분류하였다. 셋째, 행동차원과 내용차원별로 각각 수업목표와 평가목표의 비율차 검증을 하였다. 연구 결과, 5개 학교에서 사용된 학업성취도 문항은 행동차원에서의 내용타당도는낮았지만 내용차원에서의 내용타당도는 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 고등학교에서 실시하는 학업성취도 평가에 있어서 행동차원의 내용타당도를 높이는 노력이 좀 더 필요하다는 것을 시사한다. 특히 행동차원 중 분석력, 종합력, 평가력 등 고등정신기능을 기르는 평가 문항의 개발에 노력을기울여야 한다. 이 연구를 통해, 평가 문항 제작에 대한 교사들의 전문성을 높이기 위해 다양한연수나 교육 프로그램이 개발될 필요가 있음을 알 수 있다. In school education, the evaluation plays an important role for the accomplishment ofeducational goal and for the planing of education. Thus, the achievement evaluation itemshould have high validity. The achievement evaluation items should appropriate for theeducational goal and include all the learning contents. Although the validity of achievementevaluation items is very important, little research was performed on how much the evaluationitems of high school chemistry course really have the content validity. Therefore, in this study we analyzed the validity of the chemistry achievement evaluation items used in schools in thedimension of behavior and content. For this, 5 different high schools were selected that used the same publisher's chemistry I textbook, and the middle semester achievement evaluation items were gathered. First, 34 instructional objectives were classified into the behavior domain and the content domain from the 'water' chapter in the textbook and the teacher's guide. Second, 121 evaluation items were classified into the behavior domain and the content domain. Third, the analysis of the ratio difference method were performed between the instructional objectives and the evaluation objectives. From the results, it was found that content validities of the behavior domain were low, but those of the content domain were high. These results implies that more effort should be paid to raise content validities of the behavior domain in achievement evaluation of high schools. Especially, the test items should be developed on the high level thinking skill such as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. This study tells it is necessary to develop in-service teacher education program to raise the professionality of teachers on the evaluation items.

EGFR 돌연변이와 ROS1 전위를 동시에 가진 폐선암 환자의 Erlotinib 치료 1예

김민환,박예현,박혜정,지아영,송창호,진무년,김영주,김선욱,이중희,김인수,김혜련,김주항,조병철 Ewha Womans University School of Medicine 2014 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.37 No.1

The rearrangement of c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) has been recently identified as an important molecular target in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ROS1 rearrangement and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation were mutually exclusive each other in previous studies, and the clinical implication of co-existence of the two genetic alterations has not been determined. We report a case of 46-year-old female never-smoker NSCLC patient whose tumor harbored ROS1 rearrangement and EGFR mutation concomitantly. She had undergone curative surgery for stage IIIA NSCLC, and the recurrence in left pleura and brain occurred at 2 years after the surgery. She received several lines of chemotherapy including docetaxel plus carboplatin, erlotinib, pemetrexed, and gemcitabine. Erlotinib therapy showed a favorable treatment response with progression-free survival of 9.5 months and partial response of tumor on radiologic evaluations. This case represents a successful erlotinib treatment in a NSCLC patient with concurrent ROS1 rearrangement and EGFR mutation.

Al 이온 주입된 p-type 4H-SiC에 형성된 Ni/Ti/Al Ohmic Contact의 전기적 특성

주성재,송재열,강인호,방욱,김상철,김남균,Joo, Sung-Jae,Song, Jae-Yeol,Kang, In-Ho,Bahng, Wook,Kim, Sang-Cheol,Kim, Nam-Kyun 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.11

Ni/Ti/Al multilayer system ('/'denotes the deposition sequence) was tested for low-resistance ohmic contact formation to Al-implanted p-type 4H-SiC. Ni 30 nm / Ti 50 nm / Al 300 nm layers were sequentially deposited by e-beam evaporation on the 4H-SiC samples which were implanted with Al (norminal doping concentration = $4\times10^{19}cm^{-3}$) and then annealed at $1700^{\circ}C$ for dopant activation. Rapid thermal anneal (RTA) temperature for ohmic contact formation was varied in the range of $840\sim930^{\circ}C$. Specific contact resistances were extracted from the measured current vs. voltage (I-V) data of linear- and circular transfer length method (TLM) patterns. In constrast to Ni contact, Ni/Ti/Al contact shows perfectly linear I-V characteristics, and possesses much lower contact resistance of about $2\sim3\times10^{-4}\Omega{\cdot}cm^2$ even after low-temperature RTA at $840^{\circ}C$, which is about 2 orders of magnitude smaller than that of Ni contact. Therefore, it was shown that RTA temperature for ohmic contact formation can be lowered to at least $840^{\circ}C$ without significant compromise of contact resistance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the existence of intermetallic compounds of Ni and Al as well as $NiSi_{1-x}$, but characteristic peaks of $Ti_{3}SiC_2$, a probable narrow-gap interfacial alloy responsible for low-resistance Ti/Al ohmic contact formation, were not detected. Therefore, Al in-diffusion into SiC surface region is considered to be the dominant mechanism of improvement in conduction behavior of Ni/Ti/Al contact.

경직성 양측마비에서의 양측 대퇴골 감염 절골술

정진엽(Chin Youb Chung),박문석(Moon Seok Park),송병욱(Byung Wook Song),최인호(In Ho Choi),조태준(Tae Joon Cho),유원준(Won Joon Yoo) 대한정형외과학회 2007 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.42 No.6

목적: 경직성 양측 마비의 보행 장애에 대해 양측 대퇴골 감염 절골술을 포함한 단단계 다부위 수술의 결과를 분석하고 동시에 시행된 다른 수술의 효과를 통제한 상태에서 대퇴골 감염 절골술의 효과를 분석한다. 대상 및 방법: 본원에서 1997년 4월부터 2005년 4월까지 경직성 양측 마비로 수술 받은 환아 중 대퇴 전염각 증가로 인한 양측 내족지 보행, 양측 슬관절 강직 보행, 양측 첨족 보행의 양상을 보여 양측 전자간 대퇴골 감염 절골술, 원위 슬괵근 유리술, 대퇴 직근 이전술 및 아킬레스건 연장술을 시행한 26명 52하지를 대상으로 하였다. 남아가 16명, 여아가 10명이었으며 평균 연령은 7.6세였다. 이학적 검사, 3차원 보행분석, 기능평가 설문을 시행하여 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 대퇴 전염각, 고관절 굴곡구축, 슬와각이 유의하게 감소하였으며 족근관절의 족배 굴곡이 증가하였다. 3차원 보행 분석에서 분속수는 변화가 없었으나 보행속도는 유의하게 증가하였다. 횡단면에서 평균 골반 회전은 차이가 없었으며 족부 진행각은 유의하게 향상되었다. 기능 평가 설문에서 보행 능력은 중앙치가 7단계에서 9단계로 유의하게 향상되었다. 결론: 경직성 양측 마비의 보행 양상 중 대퇴전염각 증가로 인한 양측 내족지 보행, 슬관절 강직 보행, 첨족 보행의 양상을 보이는 경우 대퇴골 감염 절골술을 포함한 다부위 수술 후 환자의 보행능력이 향상되었다. Purpose: To evaluate the outcome of multilevel surgery including femoral derotational osteotomy, and analyze the effect of bilateral femoral derotational osteotomy on the gait of spastic diplegia. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 26 spastic diplegics, who had undergone a bilateral intertrochanteric femoral derotational osteotomy, bilateral distal hamstring lengthening, bilateral rectus femoris transfer, and bilateral heel cord lengthening, were evaluated. There were 16 boys and 10 girls with a mean age of 7.6 years. The pre-and post-operative gait analysis, functional assessment score, and physical examination were archived and analyzed. Results: In the physical examination, the femoral anteversion, hip flexion contracture, and popliteal angle decreased significantly, while the ankle range of dorsiflexion increased significantly. In three dimensional gait analysis, the cadence remained constant while the walking speed improved significantly. In transverse plane kinematics, the mean pelvic rotation did not show any difference but foot progression angle fell into the normal range after surgery. In the sagittal plane, the maximal hip extension and H3 power generation improved significantly, while the mean anterior pelvic tilt decreased significantly. The functional assessment score improved from 7 to 9, which was significant. Conclusion: The walking ability of spastic diplegia with in-toeing, stiff knee and tip toeing gait improved after single stage multilevel surgery including a femoral derotational osteotomy. Femoral derotation osteotomy without psoas lengthening improved the anterior pelvic tilt despite the distal hamstring lengthening

고속 디지털 전송 HDTV을 위한 자력등화기의 성능평가에 관한 연구

최인수,이수욱,송재철 三陟大學校 産業科學技術硏究所 2004 産業科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

This paper presents various blind equalization algorithms called CMA, DM-CMA, SGA-DM-CMA, MCMA, DM-MCMA and SGA-DM-MCMA. This paper discuss some of advantages or disadvantages provided by these algorithms before applied to the practical high-order QAM system. From the results of simulation, we can verify that all of these algorithms discussed in this paper operate very well, Among the vrious algorithms, SGA-DM-MCMA algorithm shows best performance in terms of ISI characteristics.