Multiplex PCR Detection for 3 Events of Genetically Modified Maize, DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604

Ji-Hye Ahn,Jae-Hwan Kim,Su-Youn Kim,Woo-Young Lee,Sun-Hee Park,Hae-Yeong Kim 한국식품과학회 2008 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.17 No.3

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to simultaneously detect 3 events of genetically modified (GM) maize. The event-specific primers were used to discriminate the following 3 events of GM maize (DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604) using multiplex PCR method. The zein gene was used as an endogenous maize reference gene in the multiplex PCR detection. The primer pair Zein-F/R producing a 99 bp amplicon was used to amplify the zein gene. The primer JI-Das-F1/R1 for DAS-59122-7, JI-TC6275-F3/R3 for TC6275, and JI-MIR F1/R1 for MIR604 yielded an amplicon of 130, 162, and 197 bp, respectively. The detection limit of multiplex PCR was 1% for DAS-59122-7, TC6275, and MIR604 for one reaction.

Production and Characterization of Enzymes Involved in Chitin Catabolic Cascade from a Bacterial Strain Isolated from Soil

( Ji Hyun Lee ),( Jeong In Lee ),( So Yeon Park ),( Yoo Kyeong Jang ),( You Bin Lim ),( Hye Yoon Lee ),( Young Min Jung ),( Hae Chang Lee ),( Jong Hwa Lee ),( Shaheen Amna ),( Jae Kweon Park ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2019 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The present study was aimed to isolate the bacteria producing chitinolytic enzymes including chitin deacetylase (CDA) from soil origin. About 24 bacteria were screened for their chitinolytic enzymes producing ability on the basis of colloidal chitin. Amongst one of the most potent isolates designated to JI-02 was further selected as the most prominent chitinolytic and CDAlike enzyme (CDA-X) producer based on the ability of deacetylation of an artificial substrate pNP-acetamilide. The maximum production of CDA-X in crude enzyme from JI-02 was observed in the presence of 1% colloidal chitin at 37°C and pH 6.4 after 120 h of incubation. Potent enzyme activity of CDA-X was determined toward pNP-acetamilide, demonstrating that optimal pH, temperature and ionic strength of the CDA-X were assessed to be 7.0, 52°C and 125 mM, respectively. Unexpectedly, Nacetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was not fully converted by the action of CDA-X to glucosamine (GlcN) under the established conditions. Further study on enzyme activity toward chitin-oligosaccharides consisting of multi-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)n, n=2-5 may be necessary to elucidate the mode of action which requires the minimum size of (GlcNAc)n. However, our data suggest that CDA-X can convert chitin to chitosan with the maximum yield of approximately 0.08g/L during the fermentation of the strain in the presence of chitin. Furthermore, we found that crude enzyme showed the significant chitosanolytic activity. Taken together, our data suggest that the strain JI-02 may be a potential candidate as a particular strain for better understating of chitin catabolic pathway.

자가면역 용혈빈혈의 임상적 분석

박치영,강지은,박상곤,김상현,김형선,정춘해 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Background: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a very uncommon disorder with the incidence between one and three cases per a hundred thousans a year. There have been very few studies about AIHA in Korea because of its low incidence. Most AIHA studies in Korea were about case history. The aim of this study was to review the clinical features, therapy and outcome of AIHA patients in single institution clinic. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of AIHA patients from December 2002 to December 2006. Results: Twelve patient with AIHA were identified, and their median age was 49 years (range 27-75). Male to female ratio is 9:3. The median hemoglobin level was 5.0 g/㎗ (range 2.5-8.2). Warm type AIHA was most common (8/12), cold type was three, and mixed type was one. There was histories of associated disease in six patients. Two patients were complicated by systemic lupus erythematosus and mycoplasma infection and one patient by idiopathic myelofibrosis and solid tumor. Oral steroid was used as the first-line treatment in nine patients. An initial response was observed in eight patients with complete response. One patient had not responded to the initial steroid treatment, and then showed complete response with rituximab. Two relapsed patients were treated with rituximab and partial splenic embolization. Conclusion: The majority of patients can be treated with steroid. Rituximab can improve the response rate in relapsed and refractory AIHA.

PCR과 SDS-PAGE를 이용한 Bifidobacteria의 동정

박시홍,송희성,이지연,김해영 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2005 硏究論文集 Vol.24 No.-

SDS-PAGE를 이용한 단백질 패턴의 분석결과, 같은 종의 Bifidobacterium은 동일한 단백질 패턴을 보이며, 다른 종의 Bifidobacterium은 서로 다른 패턴을 보이고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 SDS-PAGE를 이용한 whole cell protein 패턴 분석으로 Bifidobacterium을 간편하고 빠르게 동정할 수 있는 가능성을 보였다. DNA homology 98% 이상으로 PCR에 의해 동정에 어려움이 많았던 B. catenulatum, B. Pseudocatenulatum group, B. animalis을 SDS-PAGE로 확인한 결과, B. catenulatum과 B. pseudocatenulatum, B. animalis는 뚜렷한 단백질 패턴의 차이를 보임으로써 구별이 가능했다. PCR 수행 시 primer제작은 기존에 보고된 것과 NCBI blast program을 통하여 제작을 하였으며, 그 결과 B. longum, B. bifidum, B. adolescentis 3종류의 종에서만 특이적으로 band가 나타나는 것을 확인할 수가 있었다. 본 실험에서는 SDS-PAGE와 PCR을 이용한 균주 동정법으로 신속하고 정확하게 Bifidobacterium을 탐색할 수 있었으며, 발효유 제조나 의약품 제조 등 산업적으로 이용 될 수 있을 것이다 (Mitsuoka, 1984). Bifidobacterium is a Gram-positive obligate anaerobic bacterium which is able to change cellular shape by nutritional conditions and dominant species in intestinal microflora of human. In order to identify Bifidobacteria spp. in human intestine, PCR and SDS-PAGE of whole cell proteins were used. Species-specific primer sets based on the 16S rRNA, 16S-23S intergenic spacer and heat shock protein genes of three Bifidobacteria spp. were constructed using NCBI blast program (Bifidobacteria adolescentis, B. longum and B. bifidum). PCR products using each primer sets showed the same sizes of expected target genes. From the SDS-PAGE of whole cell proteins in bifidobacteria, profiles of SDS-PAGE between 13 type strains showed distinct differences. These methods will be useful for monitoring and evaluating Bifidobacteria spp. in human intestine microbial population.

갑상선결절의 임상 및 초음차소견의 진단적 가치

박거운,박철진,박일구,신지혜,정중화,배학연,김상용 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.2

Backgrounds: Thyroid nodule have been relatively common disease and it's prevalence estimated about 4-7%. Recently, high resolution ultrasonography has made the detection of small thyroid nodule possible, Increases in the detection of thyroid nodule have created a clinical dilemma on how to properly manage such thyroid nodules. We investigated the prevalence, clinical and ultrasonographic characterristics, and optimal diagnostic approach toward detected benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods: A retrosepctive review was undertaken on the 372 patients who was done Ultrasonograpy guided fine needle aspiration biopsy in Chosun University Hospital, Gwang-Ju, Korea between July 2003 and Spring 2005. Devided into four group such as benign and malignant thyroid nodule on the basis of size 1.5Cm. The review consisted of thyroid function test, antithyroid antibodies, thyroid autoantibodies, thyroid ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration biopsy in each group. Results: The prevalence of thyroid nodule malignancy rate was 18.0%. The prevalence of thyroid incidentaloma malignanct rate was 17.5%. There were no significant differences in age, sex, thyroid function test and size between the benign, malignant incidentalomas and nodule. Ultrasonographic characteristics, include ultrasonography index point showed meaningful diagnostic value for the detection of malignancy in thyroid nodule, Conclusion: Thyroid cancers are fairly common finding. There are no clinical difference between benign and malignant thyroid nodule; however, ultrasonographic findings can be used to decision of optimal management strategies 배경: 최근갑상선 초음파의 빈번한 시행으로 갑상선 결절의 발견이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 갑상선 결절중 특히 갑상션우연종을 임상적으로 어떻게 접근하고 치료를해야하는지는 적지 않는 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 갑상선 우연종 및 직경 1.5 cm 이상의 갑상션결절의 유병률, 임상적 특징, 초음파특정 및 초음파의 진단적 유용성에 대해 알아 보았다. 방법: 2003년 7윌부터 2005년 3월까지 조선 대학교병원 내과 및 일반외과및 건강검진 센터를 통해 갑상선 초음파, 경동맥 초음파 및 경부 CT등을 통해 우연히 발견된 갑상션결절을 가진 372명을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 크기 1.5 cm 미만의 양성및 악성 갑상선 결절군과 크기 1.5 cm 이상의 양성 및 악성결절로 그룹을 나누고 각 군에서 나이, 성별, 갑상선 기능검사, 항갑상선 항체, 갑상선 초음파 및 미세침흡인세포검사등을 검토하였고, 모든 갑상선 결절에 Koike (6)가 제한한 초음파지표 점수(Ultrasonographie index point)를 부여하여 각 군을 비교하였다. 결과: 분석한 갑상선 결절 372예 중 악성결절의 유병율은 18.0% (67예)였다. 갑상선 우연 종의 유병율은 81.5% (303예)였다. 갑상선 우연 종에서의 악성률은 17.5% (53예)로 나왔다. 크기 1.5 cm 이상의 양성 및 악성 갑상선 결절과 양성 및 악성 갑상선 우연종에서 나이, 성별, 갑상선 기능검사, 항갑상선항체에는 의미있는 차이가 없었다. 또한 양성 및 악성우연종에서 의 갑상선 결절크기에도 의미있는 차이는 보이지 않았다. 갑상선 결절의 초음파 지표점수만이 양성 및 악성우연종과 양성 및 악성갑상선 결절의 감별에 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 갑상 선우연종과 크기 1.5 cm 이상의 갑상선 결절에 서 양성을 나타내는 초음파지표점수는 각각 3 점과 4점으로 다르게 나타났다. 양성 및 악성 갑상선우연종의 감별에서 초음파 지표점수의 민감도는 93.6%, 특이도는 52.8%, 양성예측율은 92.4%로 나왔고, 진단적 효율은 86.4% 였으며 크기 1.5 cm 이상의 양성 및 악성 갑상선 결정의 감별에서 초음파지수 민감도는 92.7%, 특이도가 42.9%, 양성 예측도 86%, 효율 82.6%를 보였다. 결론: 갑상선결절에서의 양성 및 악성의 유무는 임상적으로 판단하기 힘들지만 갑상선 결절에서의 초음파 소견 및 초음파 지표 점수를 도입하면 이에 대한 감별에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 따라서 갑상선 초음파검사시 초음파지표점수의 사용은 향후 갑상선 결절의 진단 방향을 제시하는 중요한 길잡이가 될 수 있으리라 사료된다.

WDHA(Watery diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria) syndrome 1예

박기룡,김현영,김지혜,임영찬,최영식,박요한,최경현,이재화,장희경 고신대학교 의학부 2003 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

저자들은 부갑상선절제술 이후에도 교정되지 않는 고칼슘혈증과 계속된 수양성 설사로 인한 하지마비 및 전신쇠약을 주소로 내원한 70세 남자환자에서 일반 화학검사, 호르몬 건사, 방사선 검사 등으로 VIPoma와 동반된 MEN Ⅰ으로 진단하여 외과적 절제술 후 수양성설사, 저칼슘혈증 및 고칼슘혈증이 호전된 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Multiple endocrine neoplasia I (MEN Ⅰ) is a genetic disorder that consists of neoplasia of neuroendocrine type in the parathyroid glands, in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and in the anterior pituitary gland. Primary hyperparathyroidism is most common feature of the MEN I and occurs is approximately 95% of patients. Pancreatic islet cell tumors occur in 40% of MEN I patients. Most of these tumors produce excessive amounts of hormone, such as gastrin, insulin, glucagon and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). VIP-producing pancreatic tumors (VIPoma) associated with MEN I are rare and there was only one case report in Korea so far. Recently we experienced a case of MEN I, especially VIPoma presented in a 70 year old man. He got subtotal parathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism 5 months ago, but his symptoms of watery diarrhea, severe general weakness and paralysis of lower limbs were not improved and hypercalcemia, hypokalemia were persisted. On computerized tomography scan of abdomen, demonstrated a mass of 3㎝ in diameter at the tail of pancreas. Serum level of VIP hormone was 250pg/㎖ (normal range : 0∼23pg/㎖). After partial pancreatectomy, his symptoms were improved dramatically and biochemical parameters such as, serum potassium, calcium, and VIP returned to the normal ranges.

가족자원봉사활동에 참여하는 부모와 자녀의 가족건강성에 영향을 미치는 요인 : 부산지역 건강가정지원센터를 중심으로

박지영, 공미혜 신라대학교 부산학연구센터 2017 부산연구 Vol.15 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 부산 지역 건강가정지원센터에서 가족봉사활동에 참여하는 부모와 자녀를 대상으로 부모와 자녀 간 가족건강성의 차이를 비교하고 가족건강성에 영향을 미치는 변인을 분석하여 가족건강성 연구와 가족자원 봉사 활동의 발전에 기여하고자 하였다. 2016년 8월 부터 10월까지 부산지역 9개 건강가정지원센터에서 가족자원봉사활동에 참여하고 있는 부모와 자녀를 한쌍으로 자기보고식 설문지를 배포하고 회수하여 210부(105쌍)가 최종분석에 사용되었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 20.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석과 차이검증, 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 이 연구에서 나타난 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가족자원봉사활동에 참여하는 부모와 자녀의 가족건강성점수는 모두 평균이상으로 나타나 자신의 가족을 건강하게 지각하고 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 부모의 경우 학력수준이 높을수록, 월 봉사시간이 많을수록, 자녀의 경우 경제수준이 높을수록 가족건강성이 높았고, 부모와 자녀 모두 봉사활동 만족도가 높을수록 가족건강성이 높은것으로 해석된다. 셋째, 가족건강성 하위영역을 분류하여 분석한 결과, 봉사시간은 부모의 가족건강성을 비롯한 가족 문제해결능력, 가족 가치체계공유에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 변인으로 나타났지만 자녀의 경우 영향력이 미미했다. 그러나 경제수준은 자녀의 가족유대감, 가족 의사소통, 가족 가치체계공유정도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 변인으로 나타났다.

젠더적 관점에서 본 대한민국 군대와 그 대안에 관한 고찰 : 헌법재판소 2010. 11. 25. 선고 2006헌마328 결정을 중심으로

박지해 이화여자대학교 법학전문대학원 2014 Ewha Law Review Vol.4 No.1

Constitutional Court's decision 2006Hun-ma328 in November 25, 2010 was the first judgment on whether the former Military Act Article 3.1 constitutes a breach of equality. This paper will first examine the court's decision in detail, and proceed to analyse the significance of mandatory military service limited to males in terms of gender equality, as well as the merits of subjecting females to the same military service as males (female conscription under the current national defense system) as a reasonable solution in achieving gender equality in our society. Constitutional court's majority decision is questionable in that it presents an assumption on gender differences by stating female exemption from service is an appropriate and reasonable discrimination, as females ‘fall short’ of universal male physical standards required by the military. Without room for social discussion, it also ruled that deciding the range of conscriptees should be ‘left to the legislator's extensive discretion on national defense plans.’ Korean society deems the fulfillment of military service as a ‘prerequisite to acquiring national citizenship,’ a requirement whose standard is that of gender. By using military service as the crucial requirement in winning one's place in society, males place femaleness and female roles into a lower hierarchy and marginalize other men who do not fit into the male hegemony. If females were to be incorporated into the current national defense system, the military will demand a dualistic role from them, rendering female conscription under the current system questionable. It also leads us to examine the minority opinion of this decision. Conferring different types of military duties based on differences in physical traits can lead us to blindly follow socially established gender roles. Placing women in second conscription status, reserve corps and non-combat posts will confine them into playing a supporting role in the strictly male-centered hierarchy in the military, and thuscannot be an ultimate solution in achieving actual gender equality. 「병역법」 제3조 제1항 등 위헌확인에 관한 2010. 11. 25. 선고 2006헌마328 결정은 대한민국 국민인 남자에 한하여 병역의무를 부과한 구 「병역법」 제3조 제1항 전문이 평등권을 침해하는지에 대하여 판단한 최초의 결정이다. 본고에서는 헌법재판소의 결정내용을 검토한 뒤, 남성에 한정한 병역의무 부과가 젠더적으로 어떤 의의를 갖는지, 그리고 여성이 남성과 동등한 방식으로 병역의무를 수행하는 것(현 군대 체제 하에서의 여성징병제)이 과연 사회적으로 성 평등을 이룩하기 위한 합리적 방안이 될 수 있는지 여부에 대하여 탐구해 보고자 한다. 본 결정에서 헌법재판소 다수의견은 여성이 병역의무 면제를 받는 것은 군대에서 요구하는 보편적인 능력, 즉 남성의 능력을 기준으로 할 때, 그 기준에 ‘미달함’으로 인한 타당하고 합리적인 차별임을 전제함으로써 성차를 별다른 논의 없이 간주하고 있으며, 징집대상자의 범위를 결정하는 문제는 사회적 토론의 여지없이 ‘입법자에 의한 국방력 설계에 대한 폭넓은 자율성’으로 절대화시키고 있다는 점에서 의문이 있다. 한국사회에서 병역의무의 수행은 ‘국민성 획득을 위한 자격요건’처럼 여겨지고 있으며, 이러한 국민성 획득의 요건은 ‘성별’을 기준으로 하여 일률적으로 나누어지고 있다. 남성들은 병역의무의 수행을 국민으로서의 성원권 획득의 결정적 요소로 사용함으로써 여성성이나 여성적 역할에 낮은 서열적 지위를 부여하고, 헤게모니적 남성성에 부합하지 못하는 남성들을 주변화한다. 현 군대체제에 여성이 편입될 경우, 군대는 여성에게 이중적 지위를 요구하게 될 것이고 이는 현 군대체제 하에서의 여성징병제에 의문을 갖게 한다. 이는 본 결정의 위헌의견에 대한 고찰이기도 하다. 신체적 특징의 차이를 고려하여 서로 다른 역할에 따른 군복무를 하는 것은 사회적으로 이미 규정된 젠더적 역할을 답습하게 할 수 있고, 여성에게 제2국민역이나 보충역 또는 비전투적 역할만을 전담시키는 조건 하에서 군복무를 하도록 하는 것은 이미 남성중심적인사고로 철저히 위계화되어 있는 군대에서 여성은 남성에 비해 열등한 지위에서 그들을 보충하는 역할에만 그치게 된다는 점에서 실질적 성 평등을 위한 궁극적인 해결방안이 될 수 없다.

동거형태에 따른 젊은 남자성인의 식행동과 건강관련 행동의 차이

박영숙,장지혜,임은희,한재라 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.2

A survey was performed to 250 male young men who were living alone and shared living with friends in Chungnam province. Their average age was 22.6 years old, height was 171.8 cm, weight was 65.6 kg and BMI was 22.2 Comparing the prevalence of drinking, smoking and exercise, there were significantly different between living alone subjects and shared-living ones. The main value toward eating/meals was for hungry soultion. And we found many significant differences by living with or without companion. When young men living without companions, they shouved to be more in regular mealtimes, no-skipped meals, breakfast eating, adequate food amounts, eating-outs, etc. and to be less in pleasant mealtimes, various foods, snacking and especially late snacks. The good food intake pattern were highly scored in the alone-living group than the shared-living group, whereas the bad food intake pattern were also highly scoued in the alone-living group than the other. The latter might be due to the more food exposures because of companions. These findings could conclude that dietary behaviors of the young living alone were evaluated as good enough.

제 2형 당뇨병 환자에서 대사증후군의 유병률 및 관련요인의 특징

박철진,박거운,박일구,신지혜,김진화,배학연,김상용 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2007 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.32 No.3

Background: People with insulin resistance has a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. This leads to the importance in diagnosing metabolic syndrome. The incidence of metabolic syndrome has increased significantly in korea because of an increased population of obese people and also the incidence of DM. There have been many studies done on the incidence of metabolic syndrome in the general population. Therefore, the authors have designed this study to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 DM and also the associated characteristics in that population. Methods: The study included 169 adults over the age of 20 (84 males and 85 females) admitted to the endocrinology department of Chosun University between Jan, 1st 2005 and May, 31st 2006. Out of the people diagnosed with type 2 DM people were excluded when any of the physical measurements (height, weight, blood pressure, abdominal circumference) and blood measurements (TG, HDL-cholesterol, fasting blood sugar) were insufficient and when the patient was taking any drugs other than anti-hy-pertensive agents and oral anti-diabetic agents. Obesity and the other risk factors were defined by the Asian-Pacific guideline and 2001 ATP III of NCEP, respectively. Result: The each prevalence according to the metabolic syndrome criteria of the type 2 DM patients showed low HDL cholesterolemia with the highest incidence of 57.4% followed by hypertng1yceridemia(52.0%), obesity(40.9%) and hypertension(33.0%). The each incidence of diagnostic criteria in metabolic syndrome according to sex was different, In males, hypertriglyceridemia was the highest with the incidence of 57.7% followed by low HDL-cho1estero1emia(49.5%), obesity(40.9%) and hypertension (30.0%). In women, the incidence were low HDL-cho1estero1emia(64.8%), hyperthg1yceridemia(47.6%), obesity(45.0%) and hypertension(36.0%), in a descending order. The analysis between the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in type 2 DM patients and the criteria showed that hyperthglyceridemia (correlative value 0.575) had the highest correlation followed by low HDL-cholesterolemia (correlative value 0.446), obesity (correlative value 0.350) and hypertension (correlative value 0.410). All the correlations were statistically significant with a p-value less than 0.01. Conclusions: Type 2 DM is a important factor of metabolic syndrome based on insulin resistance. The control of blood glucose with prevention and early diagnosis of the other factors related to metabolic syndrome in type 2 DM is important for preventing cardiovascular complications.