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Sound Analysis in an In Vitro Endotracheal Tube Model
( Young Sik Park ),( Young Wook Kee ),( Kwang Suk Park ),( Jin Woo Lee ),( Sang Min Lee ),( Jae Joon Yim ),( Chul Gyu Yoo ),( Young Whan Kim ),( Sung Koo Han ),( Seok Chul Yang1 ) 대한내과학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.26 No.4
Background/Aims: Complete endotracheal tube obstruction is a medical emergency, and partial occlusion causes increased breathing rates and failure to wean off mechanical ventilation. Partial occlusion may be underestimated due to the lack of proper detection methods. We tested whether the sound of an endotracheal tube could be used to detect an endotracheal tube obstruction using an in vitro model. Methods: An endotracheal tube was connected to a ventilator on one end and a test lung on the other. Sounds were recorded with a microphone located inside the endotracheal tube via a connector. During mechanical ventilation, we changed the endotracheal tube internal diameter from 5.0 to 8.0 mm and different grades of obstruction at different sites were used along the tube. Sound energy was compared among the different conditions. Results: The energy of endotracheal tube sounds was positively correlated with the internal diameter and negatively correlated with the degree of obstruction. The rate of decline in energy differed with obstruction location. When the obstruction was more distal, the rate of decline in endotracheal sound energy was more rapid. Conclusions: Changes in the sound of an endotracheal tube can be used to detect an obstruction. Further studies are needed for clinical application.
미치광이풀 모상근 배양에서 Tropane Alkaloid 생산성 증진을 위한 최적 생물학적 엘리시터 선발
정희영,강승미,강영민,김용덕,양재경,정영관,최명석 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-
Scopolamine and hyoscyamine which belong to tropane alkaloids are the pharmaceutically valuable anticholinergic drugs. In order to increase the productivities, the effects of elicitation were investigated during hairy root cultures of Scopolia parviflora. Biotic elicitors originated from 3 fungi and 1 yeast were prepared as homogenate and supernatant and added to 3-week-old cultures. Both of homogenate and supernatant of Candida albicans elicitors increased the scopolamine production. The production of hyoscyamine was enhanced by homogenate of Fusarium solani and supematant of C. albicans. Most of the other fungal elicitors were also improved on the tropane alkaloid production compared to non-treatment. Among the elicitors tested, C. albicans was proved the optimal biotic elicitor on tropane alkaloids production. These results will be served mass production of tropane alkaloids by large-scale production.
봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 기능회복 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향
이상훈,이현종,박상민,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Objective: To evaluate the effects of bee venom acupuncture(BVA) on the rehabilitation and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients Methods: Patients with RA were treated with the BVA therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate(ESR), C-reactive protein(CRP), patient global assessment, physician global assessment, Korean health assessment questionnaire(KHAQ) were estimated and analyzed before and after BVA therapy. Results: Tender joint counts, swollen joint counts, morning stiffness showed significant decrease after BVA therapy. But, as acute inflammatory reactants, ESR showed no significant difference and CRP showed significant increase after BVA therapy. Patient global assessment physician global assessment, and KHAQ index showed significant improvement after BVA therapy. Conclusions: BVA therapy can improve rehabilitation and health-related quality of life RA patients as well as clinical symptom and signs. Further study is required in more population with large scale including acute inflammatory reaction of BVA therapy.
봉독약침이 류마티스 관절염 환자의 관절 통증, 종창 및 급성 염증 반응에 미치는 영향
이상훈,이현종,백용현,김수영,박재경,홍승재,양형인,김건식,이재동,최도영,이두익,이윤호 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-
Objective In order to study the effects of bee venom(BV) on the pain, edema, and acute inflammatory reactant of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients. Methods Patients with RA who met the ACR(American College of Rheumatology) 1987 revised criteria for the diagnosis of RA were treated with the BV therapy twice a week for 3 months. Tender Joint counts, swollen joint counts, Visual analog scale(VAS), morning stiffness, ESR. C-reactive protein(CRP) were analyzed before and after BV therapy. Results The results as follows. 1. Tender joint counts in patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(9.0±7.9 vs 15± 11.4, p=0.002). 2. Swollen joint counts of the patients after BV therapy were significantly lower than those before BV therapy(50±61 vs 15±23, p=0.001). 3. VAS in patients after BV therapy was significantly lower than those before BV therapy(608± 17.6 vs 380± 159, p=0.000). 4. Duration of morning stiffness in patients after BV therapy was significantly reduced compared with that before BV therapy(119.1± 112.6 min vs 59.0±89.7 min, p=0.009). 5. ESR and CRP were not significantly changed before and after BV therapy, suggesting BV itself could make inflammatory reaction as well as therapeutic effect. Conclusions BV therapy improved tender joint counts, swollen joint counts and duration of morning stiffness in this study, and further study is needed on long-term effect of BV therapy.
연령대별 요추 추간판탈출증 환자의 요근과 척추주위근 단면적에 대한 분석
공덕현 ( Deok Hyun Kong ),배광호 ( Kwang Ho Bae ),고호연 ( Ho Yeon Go ),강명진 ( Myung Jin Kang ),김준수 ( Jun Su Kim ),양기영 ( Kee Young Yang ),이재훈 ( Jae Hoon Lee ),은영준 ( Young Jun Eun ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4
Objectives :This study was designed to evaluate the correlation of the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis(iliocostalis lumborum, multifidus, longissimus thoracis parts lumborum) and psoas muscle and sex, age, change of the VAS(visual analogue scale) and past history of chronic low back pain in patients suffering from HIVD(herniation of intervertebral disc). Methods :Medical records of 140 subjects with HIVD were retrospectively reviewed. The MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) findings on the patients were scanned and analyzed by PiView program to find the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and were evaluated by the correlation of sex, age, change of the VAS, and past history of chronic low back pain. Results :There was significant difference between groups in male and female, young-adults age and middle age, middle age and old age, young-adults age and old age. But the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and past history of chronic low back pain were partially significant. On the other hand, the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and change of the VAS were not significant. Conclusions :These results suggest that the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis and psoas muscle have relevance to sex and age.
GPS 활용을 위한 좌표변환 매개변수 결정에 關한 硏究 : 가평군을 중심으로
양인태,김재철,유영걸,오명진 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2003 産業技術硏究 Vol.23 No.A
The previous control point surveying. being standardized by trigonometric point which hasn't: been unified in the whole country and producing put into operation through complex calculation process, has many- problems about accurate results and economic side. Because most of trigonometric points that standardize a present surveying are in situation in top of the mountain, there are man)- difficulties in solving sight problems. Since trigonometric points are far away from one another, Differences are created because of limitation of point distance. observatory network construction and distribution of error In the information age. the study about acquiring three dimension surveying information that uses GPS has been processed as fast as acquiring topography information is getting important gradually. For utilizing GPS in surveying work. deciding transformation 7-Parameters that changes data about location information which is received by GPS receiver is important. In this study-. It is decided transformation 7-Parameters that can be used in ka-pyoung area by using GPS sun-el-ing production that had put into operation.
Li 화합물을 첨가한 CaSO₄:Dy 열중성자 측정용 TLD 소자 개발
양정선,김두영,박재우,김장렬,장시영 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2003 연구보고 Vol.17 No.-
Personal neutron dosimetry is quite a difficult area because a neutron is always accompanied with gamma radiation, which is required of a capability for mixed field dosimetry. CaSO₄:Dy phosphor is known to have a very high sensitivity to gamma, but the neutron capture cross section of the constituents of CaSO₄:Dy are so small that the interactions between the thermal neutron and the phosphor are rare. One method to improve the neutron interaction is by introducing an impurity ion with a large thermal neutron captures cross section into the phosphor to act as a neutron target centre such as 6Li. In neutron-gamma mixed radiation fields, if two detectors for the 6Li-7Li compounds embedded CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets are used, a 6Li-compound embedded pellet can detect the neutron and gamma radiation together, and the other pellet can only detect the gamma radiation. Recently Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KEARI) has developed a new type of CaSO₄:Dy TL materials embedded with phosphorous (KCT-300) to detect beta and gamma radiation with a very high sensitivity[1]. This paper presents the development of CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with 6Li compound for a thermal neutron measurement, and the detection method of the neutron and gamma dose in mixed fields with CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with a 6Li compound(KCT-306) and CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with a 7Li compound(KCT-307) is introduced. The net neutron sensitivity of CaSO₄:Dy TL pellets embedded with 6Li compound developed in this study is higher than that of the TLD-600 (Harshaw Co.) dosimeter which is available in the open market.
Young‑Gil Jung,Wonseok Yang,Jae Ik Hyun,Shae K. Kim,Hyunkyu Lim,Do Hyang Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.12
Three alloys (Mg–6Zn–1.2Y, Alloy I; Mg–3.65Zn–1.65Y, Alloy II; and Mg–4.3Zn–1.4Y, Alloy III) with same volume fractionand grain size were designed to evaluate the effects of the I-phase (Mg3Zn6Y) and W-phase (Mg3Zn3Y2), which are themajor phases in Mg–Zn–Y alloys, on the mechanical properties. The tensile strength of Alloy I with the I-phase at roomtemperature was the highest among the tested alloys because the coherent interface between the I-phase and the α-Mg phasewas more resistant to cracking than the incoherent interface between the W-phase and the α-Mg phase. A cross-sectionalmicrostructure analysis of a sample that was tensile-tested at 423 K revealed that the morphology of the I-phase remainedrelatively stable. In contrast, the W-phase was broken and fragmented during the tensile test at 423 K because it had higherbrittleness under the test conditions. Therefore, the tensile and creep properties of Alloy I at 423 K were better than thoseof Alloys II and III containing the W-phase. According to the results, the I-phase in the Mg-Zn-Y alloy was more beneficialto the mechanical properties at room temperature and 423 K than the W-phase.