「평양문화어보호법」을 통해 본 북한의 언어 통제

최효정,도원영 한국어의미학회 2024 한국어 의미학 Vol.86 No.-

이 연구는 2023년 1월 18일 채택된 「평양문화어보호법」이 사회적으로 어떤 의미를 갖는지 언어 통제를 중심으로 다양한 면에서 고찰하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2장에서는 평양문화어보호법의 제정 배경을 살펴보았다. 사회주의 민족어 건설이라는 북한 언어정책의 흐름과 평양문화어의 위상, 김정은 정권기 ‘고상하고 문명한 언어생활기풍 확립’ 정책을 알아보았다. 3장에서는 「평양문화어보호법」의 내용과 사회적 의미를 고찰한다. 외래문화와 관련한 「반동사상문화배격법, 「청년교양보장법」과 비교하고 구성의 특징, 조항과 사례를 구체적으로 분석하였다. 북한에서 「평양문화어보호법」의 제정이 갖는 사회적 의미는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민족어 범위의 변화가 법령을 통해 드러났다. 기존 민족어의 범위는 ‘남북조선’을 아우르면서 평양 문화어가 그 중심에 있는 것이었다. 그러나 「평양문화어보호법」에서는 민족어 범위에 ‘남한말’은 들어올 수 없으며, 남한말을 제외한 평양문화어만이 북한의 민족어임을 드러냈다. 둘째, 북한은 평양문화어의 보호를 통한 민족어의 고수를 국가와 정권을 변함없이 유지하는 또 다른 사상적 토대이자 방편으로 삼고 있다. 셋째, 이 법률에 나타난 언어 통제의 수준은 이전과 차원이 다르며 이러한 엄격한 언어 통제는 결국 인간의 사고를 제한하는 데까지도 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 매우 경계되어야 한다. This study examined what the enactment of the Pyongyang Cultural Language Act(평양문화어보호법), adopted on January 18, 2023, means in North Korea from the perspective of language control. Through this, we hope to be able to look critically at the language reality in North Korea. Chapter 2 examines the background of the enactment of the Pyongyang Cultural Language Act. It explores the trajectory of North Korea's language policy aimed at "building a socialist national language," the status of Pyongyang Cultural Language, and the ideology of establishing a "refined and civilized language lifestyle" under the Kim Jong Un regime. Chapter 3 delves into the specific contents and social implications of the Pyongyang Cultural Language Act. It compares the Act to the Reactionary Ideology and Culture Rejection Act(반동사상문화배격법) and the Youth Education Guarantee Act(청년교양법) in relation to foreign culture, analyzing the characteristics of its structure, provisions, and examples. The social implications of the enactment of the Pyongyang Cultural Language Act in North Korea are as follows: First, changes in the scope of the national language were revealed through the legislation. Previously, North Korea's national language encompassed both "North and South Korea," with Pyongyang Cultural Language at its center. However, the Pyongyang Cultural Language Act excludes "South Korean language" from the scope of the national language, explicitly designating Pyongyang Cultural Language as the sole national language of North Korea. Second, North Korea uses the preservation of Pyongyang Cultural Language as another ideological foundation and means to unchangingly maintain the state and regime by safeguarding the national language. Third, the level of language control reflected in this law is unprecedented. Such strict language control ultimately risks extending its influence to limit human thought itself, making it a matter of significant concern.

Crosstalk between cancer cells and endothelial cells: implications for tumor progression and intervention

최효정,문아리 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.7

Communication between tumor cells and stromalcells is crucial to tumor development and progression. Fibroblasts and macrophages are the most common stromalcells in the tumor microenvironment. Endothelial cells areanother type of stromal cell in the tumor microenvironmentrequired for angiogenesis via interaction with tumor cells. Tumor angiogenesis provides not only oxygen and nutrientsfor tumor cells but also the necessary anchorage tofacilitate tumor metastasis. The present review summarizesstudies on the crosstalk between cancer cells andendothelial cells with a focus on implications for tumorprogression. The following four categories are discussed inthis review: (1) cell–cell communication in tumormicroenvironment; (2) induction of metastasis by interactionbetween cancer cells and endothelial cells; (3) angiogenesisinduced by tumor cells; (4) therapeutic strategiestargeting adhesion and signaling molecules as well aschemokines. This review provides useful informationhighlighting the process of cancer aggressiveness affectedby the crosstalk between cancer cells and endothelial cells,and suggests therapeutic strategies against tumorprogression.

중환자실과 응급실 간호사의 소진과 공감역량이 직무만족도에 미치는 영향

최효정,송라윤,Choi, Hyojeong,Song, Rhayun 한국중환자간호학회 2022 중환자간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose : This study aimed to examine the relationships of burnout and compassion competency with job satisfaction among nurses working in the intensive care units and emergency rooms. Methods : A correlational survey was conducted from August 1 to August 14, 2018 and involved in 102 nurses working at four university hospitals for more than 1 year. A structured questionnaire was used to measure burnout, compassion competency, and job satisfaction, and data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression and mediation effect analysis. Results : The mean scores of burnout, compassion competency, and job satisfaction were 2.58, 4.35, and 2.95, respectively. Burnout and compassion competency along with working night shifts and a wish to transfer explained 35.3% of variance in job satisfaction. Compassion competency showed a small but significant mediating effect in the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction (indirect effect -.0446, 95% CI -.1133, -.0075). Conclusion : Burnout and compassion competency were the significant influencing factors of job satisfaction among nurses working in intensive care units and emergency rooms. Since compassion competency showed a significant mediating effect, further studies should focus on intervention strategies for compassion competency to improve job satisfaction in this population.

상악 중절치의 편측성 맹출 장애 원인 및 치료

최효정,남순현,김현정,Choi, Hyojung,Nam, Soonhyeun,Kim, Hyunjung 대한소아치과학회 2018 대한소아치과학회지 Vol.45 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause of eruption disturbance in the maxillary central incisor and establish the effective treatment plan by analyzing the vertical distance, angulation of long axis and root development of the tooth with eruption disturbance using the cone-beam CT. The average age of 134 patients diagnosed with unilaterally impacted maxillary central incisor was 7.9 years old and the male was 2.1 times higher than the female. The most common cause of eruption disorder was physical obstruction, especially mesiodens and odontoma. Of the teeth with unilateral eruption disorder, 78 cases erupted spontaneously and 56 cases erupted non-spontaneously after removal of physical obstruction. The possibility of spontaneous or non-spontaneous eruption in the unilaterally impacted maxillary central incisor depended on several factors, such as vertical distance, angulation of long axis and root development of unerupted tooth. The spontaneous eruption of the impacted maxillary cental incisor was most frequent at the angulation of long axis of 50 to 90 degrees, which is similar to the angulation of long axis of the normally erupted maxillary central incisor. In addition, the spontaneous eruption period of impacted maxillary central incisor was more influenced by the vertical distance than the angulation of long axis and the root development. Most of the teeth that showed non-spontaneous eruption had orthodontic traction, and these teeth were usually erupted within about 12 months. The period treated with orthodontic traction was no statistical significance with the vertical distance, the angulation of long axis, and the root development. This study will provide information on the cause of unilaterally impacted maxillary cental incisor and help to establish the future treatment plan.

최근 서울 동북권 고농도 오존 발생일의 기상특성에 관한 연구 - 통합환경관리 관점에서 -

최효정,김지호,선우영 한국대기환경학회 2020 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.10

李箱의 수필 「슬푼이야기」에 나타난 심리 양상과 구성법

최효정 이상문학회 2010 이상리뷰 Vol.- No.8

ELISPOT assay을 이용한 결핵균 특이 항원 검출-(T-SPOT.TB)

최효정,원혜지,송혜림,심한나,박윤정,김시내,박인혜,연지영,육지혜,지연희,우혜민,이소윤,김지영,김지원,곽지은,전창은,김은중(지도교수) 대한임상병리사협회 2010 조직세포검사학회 발표자료집 Vol.2010 No.-

배경: 결핵은 결핵균(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)의 감염에 의해서 발생하므로 결핵의 확진은 배양검사 등으로 환자의 검체에서 결핵균을 증명해야 한다. 전통적으로 투베르쿨린검사가 잠복 결핵의 유일한 진단법이었으나 비결핵항산균 감염이나 BCG 접종에 의한 교차반응이 있으므로 유용성이 떨어지며, 감염, 영양결핍, 림프계를 침범하는 질환에서는 위음성을 초래할 수 있다. T-SPOT검사는 잠복 결핵의 진단검사로 활동성 결핵의 진단에도 유용한 것으로 보고되고 있다.이에 저자들은 T-SPOT 검사 방법 및 원리를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: T-SPOT검사는 헤파린 채혈관에 혈액 8ml를 채취하여 비중액을 이용하여 단핵구를 분리하고 250,000 cell/100uL로 세포부유액을 준비하였다. 항-인터페론감마 항체가 결합되어 있는 microplate의 4개의 well에 해당시약을 넣고 분리된 세포를 250,000개씩 넣은 후 37도에서 16~20시간 배양하였다. 다음날 well을 세척하고, conjugate 시약과 기질을 넣어 spot을 발현시켰다. 결과: 전체 152건중 양성은 55건(36.2%), 음성 90건(59.2%), 미정확 7건(4.6%) 로 나타났다. 고찰: T-SPOT검사는 결핵 감염의 진단에 있어 민감도가 높아 결핵의 선별 검사나 보조 검사로 유용하게 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

데이터 증강기법을 이용한 음성 위조 공격 탐지모형의 성능 향상에 대한 연구

최효정,곽일엽,Choi, Hyo-Jung,Kwak, Il-Youp 한국통계학회 2021 응용통계연구 Vol.34 No.3

ASVspoof 2017 deals with detection of replay attacks and aims to classify real human voices and fake voices. The spoofed voice refers to the voice that reproduces the original voice by different types of microphones and speakers. data augmentation research on image data has been actively conducted, and several studies have been conducted to attempt data augmentation on voice. However, there are not many attempts to augment data for voice replay attacks, so this paper explores how audio modification through data augmentation techniques affects the detection of replay attacks. A total of 7 data augmentation techniques were applied, and among them, dynamic value change (DVC) and pitch techniques helped improve performance. DVC and pitch showed an improvement of about 8% of the base model EER, and DVC in particular showed noticeable improvement in accuracy in some environments among 57 replay configurations. The greatest increase was achieved in RC53, and DVC led to an approximately 45% improvement in base model accuracy. The high-end recording and playback devices that were previously difficult to detect were well identified. Based on this study, we found that the DVC and pitch data augmentation techniques are helpful in improving performance in the voice spoofing detection problem.

안내1 - 착한여행, 바다여행 www.seantour.com

최효정,Choe, Hyo-Jeong 한국어촌어항협회 2014 어항어장 Vol.106 No.-

간호·간병통합서비스 병동 간호사의 환자안전문화인식, 감정노동, 직무스트레스가 환자안전간호활동에 미치는 영향

최효정,이윤미,박효진,Choi, Hyo Jeong,Lee, Yun Mi,Park, Hyo Jin 한국중환자간호학회 2021 중환자간호학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Purpose : This study aimed to examine the effects of the awareness of patient safety culture, emotional labor, and job stress on patient safety nursing activities by comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses. Methods : The participants were 112 nurses from the comprehensive nursing care service wards from six hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 20.0. Results : The factors that significantly influenced patient safety nursing activities in the comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses included job stress (𝛽=-0.18, p<.032) and awareness of patient safety culture (𝛽=0.54, p<.001). The explanatory power of these factors was 31.0% (F=13.43, p<.001). Conclusion : This study showed that the factors that influenced patient safety management activities of comprehensive nursing care medical service ward nurses included job stress and awareness of patient safety culture.