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김호중,Kim, Ho-Joong 대한기관식도과학회 2008 大韓氣管食道科學會誌 Vol.14 No.2
Surgical resection and reanastomosis has been the treatment of choice in patients with tracheobronchial stenosis. Recent development of bronchoscopic intervention has been replacing the role of surgery in these patients. After summarizing the upto date data of bronchoscopic intervention, the proper management of tracheobronchial stenosis will be presented. Bronchoscopic intervention would be much effective when performed under rigid bron- choscopy, due to the stable patients' condition and endoscopic view. The usual method of intervention includes ballooning, Nd-YAG laser resection, bougienation, mechanical airway dilatation, stenting and photodynamic therapy. Silicone stents are very effective in patients with tracheobronchial stenosis to maintain airway patency. Bronchoscopic intervention provided immediate symptomatic relief and improved lung function in most of patients. After airway stabilization, stents were removed successfully in 2/3 of the patients at a 12-18 months post-insertion. Less than 5% of patients eventually needs surgical management. Acute complications, including excessive bleeding, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum develops in less than 5% of patients but managed without mortality. Stent-related late complications, such as, migration, granuloma formation, mucostasis, and restenosis are relatively high but usually controlled by follow-up bronchoscopy. In conclusion, bronchoscopic intervention, including silicone stenting could be a useful and safe method for treating tracheobronchial stenosis.
응급실기반 자살시도자의 사후관리 사업 동의의 결과와 동의에 영향을 미치는 인자 연구
김호중,김신겸,오희주,최선진 대한응급의학회 2018 대한응급의학회지 Vol.29 No.2
Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the consent of case management for suicide prevention. Methods: This study included 232 suicide attempters from September 1, 2015 to August 31, 2016 at the Emergency Medical Center of Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Korea. A retrospective chart analysis was performed using a chi-square test or Fisher exact test, as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis (R ver. 3.3.3). Results: The positive factors affecting case management consent were direct face-to-face counseling with a case manager, patient’s age, suicide attempt without alcohol, first suicide attempt, and no psychiatric history. In addition, suicide attempters who underwent follow-up case management were more likely to participate in outpatient mental health care. Through the case manager, continuous emotional support and encouragement were provided to the suicide attempt, which proved to be effective. Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of case management for suicide attempters visiting the emergency medical center and suggests that the cooperation of national and regional systems should be expanded to increase the case participation rate.
부천 내 학교의 질환 분석을 통한 최초의 한국형 학교 구급함에 대한 연구
김호중,조영순,임훈,박창순,신선혜 대한응급의학회 2008 대한응급의학회지 Vol.19 No.1
Purpose: The objective of this study was to assess through the analysis of school accidents over several years in Bucheon, the preparedness of schools to respond to school emergencies including those involving students with special needs and to deal with potential mass disasters. Methods: A two-part questionnaire was mailed to school nurses in Bucheon by the staff of the Bucheon school nurse association. The second part was a question soliciting participation in our study. Schools answering “yes”, were enrolled in the study and were mailed portpolio for recording accidents and severe symptoms occurring in their schools between 1 March 2005 and 30 July 2006. We analyzed these results for compliance with proper treatments outlined by the emergency textbook and procedure book. Also, we suggested the sample medical kit for school to prepare for prehospital treatments. Results: Of the 81 questionnaires returned, 72 were eligible for analysis. The most commonly reported difficulty in pre-hospital treatment of school medical emergencies was a shortage of proper instrumentation (22 of 72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 28~34%). Next most common was clinical knowledge deficit on the part of the school nurse (20 of 72, 95% CI: 25~31%). In injury analysis, the most common injury in both elementary school (310 of 645, 95% CI:44~52%) and middle school (255 of 481, 95% CI: 50~56%) was contusion. This was slightly less at fourty six percent (95% CI: 43~49%) in high school. Among severe conditions, concussion was most common, followed by dyspnea and hemodynamic instability in all school. In high school, just thirteen percent (95% CI: 11~15%) were administered pre-hospital treatment by a school nurse and sixty four percent (95% CI: 60~68%) were transferred to a hospital by EMTs without pre-hospital treatment. Conclusion: Efforts should be made to increase the education of school nurses in the assessment and management of life-threatening emergencies with which they have less experience and confidence than with more routine medical needs. In addition, there needs to be increased emphasis on maintaining proper medical kit in schools.
비정상 감사보수와 이익조정: 계정분류를 통한 이익조정을 중심으로
김호중,김진욱 한국국제회계학회 2019 국제회계연구 Vol.0 No.88
This study examines the relationship between abnormal audit fees and earnings management through classification shifting, which is an earnings management tool used to classify core expenses as non-core expenses to overstate core earnings. Since classification shifting does not change net income, it involves lower litigation risk for auditors. As an individual utility-maximizer, an auditor may weigh the costs and benefits of each earnings management tools. Thus, the effect of audit fees on auditors’ incentives may depend on the form of earnings management. We examine the effect of abnormal audit fees on one earnings management tool with lower litigation costs (i.e., earnings management through classification shifting). Using a sample of 19,849 firm-year observations, we find following results. First, we find a significant and positive association between the degree of abnormal audit fees and the magnitude of classification shifting. Second, we find that the level of classification shifting is higher for the firms with positive abnormal audit fees. Third, there is a significantly positive association between the degree of abnormal audit hours and the magnitude of classification shifting. Lastly, we find that the level of classification shifting is higher for the firms with positive abnormal audit hours. 본 연구는 비정상 감사보수가 계정분류를 통한 이익조정에 주는 영향을 분석하였다. 영업비용을 영업외비용으로 분류조정하여 영업이익을 과대계상 하는 계정분류를 통한 이익조정은 손익의 역전을 초래하지 않으며 기업의 최종 손익을 동일하게 유지하기 때문에 감사인에게는 감사실패에 대한 소송위험이 낮다는 특성을 가지고 있다. 개별 경제주체로써 효용극대화를 추구하는 감사인은 감사활동을 수행함에 있어 기업의 각기 다른 이익조정 행태들에 대해 비용과 편익을 차별적으로 인식할 것이다. 즉 감사보수가 감사활동 유인에 미치는 역할은 이익조정 활동의 형태에 따라 달라진다. 2004년부터 2018년까지 상장기업을 대상으로 진행한 본 연구의 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 비정상 감사보수는 계정분류를 통한 이익조정과 유의한 양(+)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 비정상 높은 감사보수의 경우 비정상 낮은 감사보수 보다 계정분류를 통한 이익조정의 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 비정상 감사시간 또한 계정분류를 통한 이익조정과 유의한 양(+)의 관계를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 비정상 높은 감사시간의 경우 비정상 낮은 감사시간 보다 계정분류를 통한 이익조정의 수준이 높은 것으로 드러났다.
Fringe Projection Profilometry를 개선한 효율적인 3D 측정 기법
김호중,조태훈,Kim, Ho-Joong,Cho, Tai-Hoon 한국정보통신학회 2016 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.20 No.10
기술이 발전하면서 카메라를 통해 3D 측정을 하는 방법은 계속 발전되어왔고 최근에는 여러 주기의 fringe pattern을 이용한 측정 방법을 쓰고 있다. 본 논문에서는 여러 주기의 fringe pattern을 이용한 3D 측정 방법에 대한 기존 방법의 문제점을 제시하고, 이에 대한 해결 방안으로 기준면의 절대위상과 물체의 위상차를 이용한 물체의 절대위상을 구하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 이용하면 새로운 물체에 대해서 매번 여러 주기의 fringe pattern을 조사하지 않고 물체의 절대위상을 얻을 수 있다. 따라서 제안하는 방법을 이용하면, 측정단계에서 취득하는 영상의 개수가 적기 때문에 보다 빠른 속도로 3D 측정을 할 수 있다. 실험을 통하여 제안하는 방법의 유용성을 보였다. As technologies evolve, diverse 3D measurement techniques using cameras and pattern projectors have been developed continuously. In 3D measurement, high accuracy, fast speed, and easy implementation are very important factors. Recently, 3D measurement using multi-frequency fringe patterns for absolute phase computation has been widely used in the fringe projection profilometry. This paper proposes an improved method to compute the object's absolute phase using the reference plane's absolute phase and phase difference between the object and the reference plane. This method finds the object's absolute phase by adding the difference between the reference plane's wrapped phase and the object's wrapped phase to the reference plane's absolute phase already obtained in the calibration stage. Through this method, there is no need to obtain multi-frequency fringe patterns about new object for the absolute phase computation. Instead, we only need the object's phase difference relative to the reference planes's phase in the measurement stage.
金昊中,錢英燮 서울대학교 경제연구소 2001 經濟論集 Vol.40 No.3
이 논문에서는 이전적 효용 연합형 게임의 해 중에서 코아(core)와 中核(nucleolus)에 초점을 맞추어 그 특징을 개관하여 본다. 1969년에 소개된 중핵은 코아가 존재하는 경우 코아에 속할 뿐만 아니라 항상 유일한 배분을 대응시킨다는 특징을 지니고 있어, 여러 측면에서 비용배분문제를 해결하는 바람직한 방법 중의 하나로 간주되고 있다. 중핵이 비용배분문제에 실제로 적용되고 있는 사례에 대한 설명과 아울러, 중핵의 공리적 특성들에 대해서도 살펴본다.
대북 사이버 안보역량 강화를 위한 방안 : 사이버전 대비를 중심으로
김호중,김종하 한국융합보안학회 2018 융합보안 논문지 Vol.18 No.3
북한의 사이버 전력은 대부분 사회기반과 첨단무기체계 운용시스템이 네트워크로 구축되어 있는 한국에게는 심각한 안보적 위협이 되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문의 목적은 대북 사이버 안보역량 강화를 위해 한국정부가 무엇을 해야 하는 지를 고찰하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 북한의 대남 사이버 공격 사례를 위협 유형과 목적으로 분류하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 적극적인 사이버 방호 및 공격능력을 갖추어야 한다. 둘째, 국가차원에서 총괄할 수 있는 통합적 사이버 안보 컨트롤타워를 구축하는 것이다. 셋째, 국내 사이버 관련 법제정이 필요하다. 넷째, 다자간․지역 내 사이버협력 체제를 구축하는 것이다. 이런 연구결과의 시사점은 북한의 사이버 위협으로부터 평시 피해를 최소화하 고 유사시 완전한 전쟁수행을 위해 한국은 사이버 안보역량을 강화할 필요가 있다는 것이다. North Korea's cyber warfare capability is becoming a serious security threat to Korea because most of the operational systems of social infrastructure and advanced weapons system are all networked. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine what the Korean government should do to strengthen cyber security capabilities toward North Korea. For this purpose, this article analyzed North Korea's cyber attack cases against Korea by categorizing according to threat type and purpose. The research findings are as follows. It is necessary first, to have aggressive cyber protection and attack capabilities; second, to establish an integrated cyber security control tower that can be overseen by the national government; third, to need to legislate domestic cyber- related laws; fourth, to build a multilateral & regional cyber cooperation system. The implication of these findings are that it needs to be strengthened the cyber security capability from the cyber threats of North Korea by minimizing the damage during the peacetime period and for the complete warfare in case of emergency.