스펙트럼영역 빛간섭단층촬영으로 측정한 녹내장 환자의 맥락막 두께 분석

김지원,류진영,최규룡,Ji Won Kim,MD,Jin Young Rhew,MD,Kyu Ryong Choi,MD,PhD 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.6

Purpose: To evaluate the choroidal thickness in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and to explore the relationship between the choroidal thickness and glaucoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who had been diagnosed with POAG or NTG at Ewha Womans University, Mokdong Hospital. SD-OCT scans were obtained to estimate retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, macular thickness, and subfoveal and peripapillary choroidal thickness in groups of POAG patients, NTG patients, and normal controls. Results: A total of 21 patients with POAG, 53 patients with NTG, and 42 normal subjects were enrolled in this study. RNFL thickness and macular thickness were significantly thinner in the POAG and NTG groups compared to the normal subjects. In contrast, there were no significant differences in subfoveal and peripapillary choroidal thickness among the 3 groups. There was no significant correlations between the peripapillary choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Conclusions: Choroidal thickness does not seem to differ between glaucoma patients and normal subjects, and there were no significant correlations between the choroidal thickness and glaucomatous optic neuropathy. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(6):868-876

망막정맥폐쇄 환자에서 시력과 맥락막두께와의 상관관계

노광명,김창주,이승욱,이상준 한국망막학회 2019 Journal of Retina Vol.4 No.2

Purpose: To clarify the correlation between visual acuity and changes of choroidal thickness in retinal vein occlusion patients (RVO). Methods: A total of 100 patients were reviewed and 35 patients (35 eyes) were included. They were diagnosed with RVO through fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. And they were at least 6 months of follow-up. We compared the choroidal thickness, macular ischemia range, macular thickness and range, initial visual acuity, final visual acuity, and treatment methods. The choroidal thickness, degree of macular ischemia, and edema were assessed by fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) within 2 weeks of the initial visit. We analyzed changes of subfoveal choroidal thickness with enhanced depth imaging of Spectralis HRA+OCT. Results: The mean initial choroidal thickness of 35 eyes was 293.26 ± 61.63 μm, which was significantly thicker than that of the opposite eye (240.77 ± 69.79 μm). Choroidal thickness decreased after 6 months of treatment. The changes in the initial and late choroidal thickness were 50.0 ± 29.5 μm and 26.6 ± 21.6 μm, respectively, in the visual acuity group and the non-visual acuity group, respectively. The changes in central macular thickness were 226.1 ± 165.7 μm and 73.5 ± 81.5 μm, respectively (p = 0.004, p = 0.018). Visual acuity showed no statistically significant correlation. Conclusions: There was no significant correlation between visual acuity and choroidal thickness in RVO patients. Rather, it correlated with changes in choroidal thickness and central macular thickness. This suggests that there is a pathophysiologic relation between macular edema and choroidal thickness. 목적: 망막정맥폐쇄 환자에서 시력과 맥락막두께의 상관관계를 알아보고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 2011년 1월부터 2013년 12월까지 안저사진과 형광안저혈관조영술을 통해 망막정맥폐쇄로 진단받고 최소 6개월 이상 경과 관찰이 가능하였던 총 100명을 대상으로 환자 기록지를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 맥락막두께, 황반허혈의 범위, 황반부종의 정도와 범위, 초진시력, 6개월 이후 시력, 치료 방법을 비교하였다. 맥락막두께와 황반허혈 및 부종의 정도는 초진 후 2주 이내에 촬영한 형광안저혈관조영술과 빛간섭단층촬영을 통하여 평가하였다. 중심와아래 맥락막두께의 변화를 분석하였고 맥락막두께는 빛간섭단층촬영의 enhanced depth imaging을 이용하여 측정하였다. 결과: 35안의 초기 맥락막두께는 평균 293.26 ± 61.63 μm로 반대안 240.77 ± 69.79 μm에 비해 유의하게 두꺼웠으며, 치료 시행 6개월 이상 경과 후 맥락막두께는 감소하였다. 초기, 후기 맥락막두께의 변화량은 시력 호전군과 시력 비호전군에서 각각 50.0 ± 29.5 μm, 26.6 ± 21.6 μm였고, 황반두께의 변화량은 각각 226.1 ± 165.7 μm, 73.5 ± 81.5 μm였다(p = 0.004, p = 0.018). 초진 및 6개월 이후 시력과 맥락막두께 사이에는 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 망막정맥폐쇄 환자에서 시력과 맥락막두께 사이에 유의한 상관관계는 없었다. 오히려 맥락막두께와 황반두께의 변화와 관련을 보였다. 이는 황반부종과 맥락막두께 간의 병태 생리학적 상관관계가 있음을 시사한다.

Measurement of Choroidal Thickness in Normal Eyes Using 3D OCT-1000 Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

( Joong Won Shin ),( Yong Un Shin ),( Hee Yoon Cho ),( Byung Ro Lee ) 대한안과학회 2012 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.26 No.4

Purpose: To study choroidal thickness and its topographic profile in normal eyes using 3D OCT-1000 spectral domain optical coherence tomography and the correlation with age and refractive error. Methods: Fifty-seven eyes (45 individuals) with no visual complaints or ocular disease underwent horizontal and vertical line scanning using 3D OCT-1000. The definition of choroidal thickness was the vertical distance between the posterior edge of the hyper-reflective retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid/sclera junction. Choroidal thickness was measured in the subfoveal area at 500 μm intervals from the fovea to 2,500 μm in the nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior regions. The spherical equivalent refractive error was measured by autorefractometry. Statistical analysis was used to confirm the correlations of choroidal thickness with age and refraction error. Results: The mean age of the 45 participants (57 eyes) was 45.28 years. Detailed visualization of the choroid for measuring its thickness was possible in 63.3% of eyes. The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was found to be 270.8 μm (standard deviation [SD], ±51 μm), in horizontal scanning and 275.0 μm (SD, ±49 μm) in vertical scanning. The temporal choroidal thickness was greater than any 500 μm interval in corresponding locations, and there was no significant difference between the superior and inferior choroid as far as 2,000 μm from the fovea. Age and refractive error were associated with subfoveal choroidal thickness in terms of regression (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Choroidal thickness in normal Korean eyes can be measured using 3D OCT-1000 with high resolution line scanning. The topographical profile of choroidal thickness varies depending on its location. Age and refractive error are essential factors for interpretation of choroidal thickness.

망막두께분석기와 광간섭단층촬영기를 이용한 정상 한국인의 황반두께에 대한 비교분석

이선민,이정희 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.10

Purpose: To assess and compare the reliability and reproducibility of foveal thickness measurements by RTA and OCT3 in normal Korean subjects. In addition, we ultimately plan to establish normal ranges for foveal thickness in Korean adults of various ages and sexes using RTA and OCT3. Methods: Foveal average thickness and foveolar thickness were obtained in 104 eyes of 104 normal subjects using RTA and OCT3. Results: Coefficient values for macular thickness using RTA and OCT3 were lower than 4%, indicating that both RTA and OCT3 provided reliable measurements. Average foveal thicknesses were 200.7±15.0 ㎛ and 190.5±13.9 ㎛ for RTA and OCT3, respectively; foveolar thicknesses were 143.3±11.3 ㎛ and 149.7±11.7 ㎛, respectively. Average foveal thickness was significantly lower in the 60- to 79-year-old group. However gender did not have a significant effect on foveal thickness. OCT3 and RTA measurements of average foveal thickness were strongly correlated (Pearson`s correlation coefficient=0.876), as were the measurements of the foveolar thickness (Pearson`s correlation coefficient=0.809). Conclusions: In conclusion, there was excellent agreement between RTA and OCT3 measurements. Both techniques can be used as a quantitative and objective tool for documenting changes in foveal thickness.

인트라라식 후 빛간섭단층촬영계로 측정한 각막절편 두께의 재현성 평가

김희중,오세훈,이도형,이종현,이강일,김진형,Hee Jung Kim,Sae Hoon Oh,Do Hyung Lee,Jong Hyun Lee,Kang Il Rhee,Jin Hyoung Kim 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.12

Purpose: To investigate the relationship among optical coherence tomography (OCT), ultrasound pachymetry, and Orbscan in central corneal thickness measurement and to evaluate the reproducibility of flap thickness using an IntraLase femtosecond laser. Methods: Central corneal thickness was measured by OCT, ultrasound pachymetry, and Orbscan in 59 eyes of 30 patients before LASIK. After IntraLASIK, the corneal flap thickness measured using OCT was compared with the intended corneal flap thickness. Results: Central corneal thickness measured by OCT was thinner than that measured by other instruments preoperatively, but there was no significant difference among these methods (p>0.01), and corneal thickness values obtained by ultrasound pachymetry and Orbscan correlated well with those obtained by OCT (r ranged from 0.804 to 0.889, p<0.01). After IntraLASIK, there was no significant difference between the mean measured flap thickness and the intended flap thickness (p>0.01). Conclusions: OCT is a relatively accurate instrument for measuring corneal thickness and can easily measure the corneal flap thickness after LASIK. Compared with the results of a previous study, the mean measured flap thickness in this study was more reproducible with the IntraLase femtosecond laser.

RTVue 빛간섭단층촬영기로 측정한 맥락막 두께와 연관인자에 관한 연구

진상욱,최우석,서홍융,노승수,노세현 대한안과학회 2015 대한안과학회지 Vol.56 No.7

목적: 정상안압녹내장(normal tension glaucoma, NTG) 및 원발성개방각녹내장(primary open angle glaucoma, POAG)에서 RTVue(Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA)를 이용하여 측정한 황반하와 유두 주위 맥락막 두께를 비교하고 이에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 대해알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 퓨리에 영역 빛간섭단층촬영(Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography, FD-OCT)으로 측정한 황반하와 유두 주위 맥락막, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), 그리고 ganglion cell complex (GCC) 두께를 비교, 분석하였다. 또한 황반하와 유두주위 맥락막 두께에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 인자들과의 상관관계를 비교, 분석하였다. 결과: 정상 대조군 32명, POAG 32명, NTG 52명이 포함되었다. 각 군 간 맥락막 두께를 비교한 결과, 황반하와 유두 주위 맥락막두께는 NTG에서 가장 얇았다. NTG에서는 황반하와 유두 주위 맥락막 두께에 영향을 미치는 인자는 나이, 안축장, 이완기 혈압의 야간혈압하강, 이완기 혈압의 변동성, GCC 두께였고, POAG에서는 나이, 안축장만이 영향을 미치는 인자였다. 결론: 정상인에 비해 POAG와 NTG에서 RTVue로 측정한 황반하와 유두 주위의 맥락막 두께가 더 얇았고 POAG보다 NTG에서 더 얇았다. NTG에서는 나이, 안축장, 큰 폭의 이완기 야간혈압하강과 혈압의 변동성이, POAG에서는 나이, 안축장이 맥락막 두께에 영향을 미치는 인자였다. Purpose: To compare the macular choroidal thickness, ganglion cell complex thickness, peripapillary choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness among normal, primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients using RTVue (Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography; Optovue, Fremont, CA, USA). Methods: A retrospective analysis of 32 normal controls, 32 POAG and 52 NTG patients was performed. Choroidal thickness,ganglion cell complex thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were compared among normal controls, POAG and NTG subjects. Additionally, the factors influencing choroidal thickness (age, axial length, spherical equivalent, central corneal thickness,mean deviation, nocturnal dip, blood pressure variability) were analyzed. Results: A total of 32 normal controls, 32 POAG and 52 NTG patients were enrolled in this study. Macular and peripapillary choroidal thicknesses were significantly thinner in the NTG patients. In NTG subjects, the significant influencing factors associatedwith macular and peripapillary choroidal thicknesses were age, axial length, nocturnal dip (diastolic blood pressure), diastolic blood pressure variability and ganglion cell complex thickness. In POAG patients, significant influencing factors associated with macular and peripapillary choroidal thicknesses were age and axial length. Conclusions: Choroidal thickness was significantly thinner in NTG patients compared with normal controls and POAG patients. Factors influencing choroidal thickness in NTG patients were age, axial length, nocturnal dip (diastolic blood pressure), diastolic blood pressure variability and ganglion cell complex thickness. In POAG patients, significant factors influencing choroidal thickness were age and axial length.

3차원 전산화단층촬영 영상을 이용한 안면 연조직 두께 계측의 임상적 유용성

정호걸,김기덕,한승호,허경석,이제범,박혁,최성호,김종관,박창서 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2006 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.36 No.2

Purpose : To evaluate clinical usefulness of facial soft tissue thickness measurement using 3D computed tomographic images. Materials and Methods : One cadaver that had sound facial soft tissues was chosen for the study. The cadaver was scanned with a Helical CT under following scanning protocols about slice thickness and table speed; 3 mm and 3 mm/sec, 5 mm and 5 mm/sec, 7 mm and 7 mm/sec. The acquired data were reconstructed 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 mm reconstruction interval respectively and the images were transferred to a personal computer. Using a program developed to measure facial soft tissue thickness in 3D image, the facial soft tissue thickness was measured. After the ten-time repeation of the measurement for ten times, repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted to compare and analyze the measurements using the three scanning protocols. Comparison according to the areas was analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. Results : There were no statistically significant intraobserver differences in the measurements of the facial soft tissue thickness using the three scanning protocols (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between measurements in the 3 mm slice thickness and those in the 5 mm, 7 mm slice thickness (p>0.05). There were statistical differences in the 14 of the total 30 measured points in the 5 mm slice thickness and 22 in the 7mm slice thickness. Conclusion : The facial soft tissue thickness measurement using 3D images of 7 mm slice thickness is acceptable clinically, but those of 5 mm slice thickness is recommended for the more accurate measurement.

수막두께 산정을 위한 콘크리트 노면의 조도계수 예측 모델 개발

최예인,김재훈,신승숙,이승우,김영규 한국도로학회 2024 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.26 No.4

PURPOSES : The skid resistance between tires and the pavement surface is an important factor that directly affects driving safety and must be considered when evaluating the road performance. In especially wet conditions, the skid resistance of the pavement surface decreases considerably, increasing the risk of accidents. Moreover, poor drainage can lead to hydroplaning. This study aimed to develop a prediction equation for the roughness coefficient—that is, an index of frictional resistance at the interface of the water flow and surface material—to estimate the thickness of the water film in advance to prevent human and material damage. METHODS : The roughness coefficient can be changed depending on the surface material and can be calculated using Manning's theory. Here, the water level (h), which is included in the cross-sectional area and wetted perimeter calculations, can be used to calculate the roughness coefficient by using the water film thickness measurements generated after simulating specific rainfall conditions. In this study, the pavement slope, drainage path length, and mean texture depth for each concrete surface type (non-tined, and tined surfaces with 25-mm and 16-mm spacings) were used as variables. A water film thickness scale was manufactured and used to measure the water film thickness by placing it vertically on top of the pavement surface along the length of the scale protrusion. Based on the measured water film thickness, the roughness coefficient could be back-calculated by applying Manning's formula. A regression analysis was then performed to develop a prediction equation for the roughness coefficient based on the water film thickness data using the water film thickness, mean texture depth, pavement slope, and drainage path length as independent variables. RESULTS : To calculate the roughness coefficient, the results of the water film thickness measurements using rainfall simulations demonstrated that the water film thickness increased as the rainfall intensity increased under N/T, T25, and T16 conditions. Moreover, the water film thickness decreased owing to the linear increase in drainage capacity as the mean texture depth and pavement slope increased, and the shorter the drainage path length, the faster the drainage, resulting in a low water film thickness. Based on the measured water film thickness data, the roughness coefficient was calculated, and it was evident that the roughness coefficient decreased as the rainfall intensity increased. Moreover, the higher the pavement slope and the shorter the drainage path length, the faster the drainage reduced the water film thickness and increased the roughness coefficient (which is an indicator of the friction resistance). It was also evident that as the mean texture depth increased, the drainage capacity increased, which also reduced the roughness coefficient. CONCLUSIONS : As the roughness coefficient of the concrete road surface changes based on the environmental factors, road geometry, and pavement surface characteristics, we developed a prediction equation for the concrete pavement roughness coefficient that considered these factors. To validate the proposed prediction equation, a sensitivity analysis was conducted using the water film thickness prediction equation from previous studies. Existing models have limitations on the impact of the pavement type and rainfall intensity and can be biased toward underestimation; in contrast, the proposed model demonstrated a high correlation between the calculated and measured values. The water film thickness was calculated based on the road design standards in Korea—in the order of normal, caution, and danger scenarios—by using the proposed concrete pavement roughness coefficient prediction model under rainy weather conditions. Specifically, because the normal and caution stages occur before the manifestation of hydroplaning, it should be possible to prevent damage before it leads to the dang...

Lipoprotein(a)와 대동맥판막과 승모판막 경화증 및 복부 대동맥 두께의 상관관계에 대한 연구

김민수,유근배,이상운,임양희,신길자,조홍근 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1998 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.21 No.3

연구배경 : Lipoprotein(a)의 농도와 대동맥판막의 두께, 승모판막의 두께 및 복부 대동맥의 두께와의 관계에 대하여 조사하고, 다른 관상동맥질환의 위험인자와의 관계를 규명해 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 연구방법 : 1995년 6월부터 1996년 5월까지 이화여자대학교 의과대학 부속 동대문병원에서 심초음파검사를 시행하였던 환자 116명을 대상으로 하였으며 이중 급성심근경색증, 갑상선질환 및 혈청 지질치에 영향을 미치는 약제를 복용중인 환자를 제외하였다. 성별, 나이, 고혈압의 유무, 흡연유무 및 혈청 콜레스테롤, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤, lipoprotein(a)치를 측정하였고, 미국 휼레트 패커드사의 Sono 1000 을 이용하여 대동맥판막의 두께, 승모판막의 두께 및 대동맥의 두께를 측정하였다. 결과 : 1) Lipoprotein(a)는 남자가 34.6±34.3mg/dl, 여자가 25.6±23.4mg/dl 이었으며, 총 콜레스테롤, 저밀도 지단백콜레스테롤 및 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤, 중성지방에는 남녀간에 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2) Lipoprotein(a) 농도와는 대동맥판막의 두께만이 의의있는 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 승모판막의 두께, 복부대동맥 두께 및 상행 대동맥의 내경과는 관계가 없었다. 3) Lipoprotein(a)와 일반 특성 및 생화학적인 특성과의 관계에서 Lipoprotein의 농도는 오직 흡연과 관계가 있었으며(p<0.01), 혈압, 연령, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤 및 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤과는 무관하였다. 4) 18명의 환자에서 관상동맥조영술을 실시하여 관상동맥질환의 유무 및 정도와 대동맥 판막두께와의 관계를 분석한 결과 대동맥 판막이 두꺼울수록 관상동맥질환의 정도가 심했다(p<0.01). 결론 : 본 연구에서 lipoprotein(a)농도와 대동맥 판막의 두께가 의의있는 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, lipoprote-in(a)의 농도는 흡연력만 관계가 있었다. 또한, 대동맥 판막이 두꺼울수록 관상동맥 질환의 정도가 심한 것을 볼 때, lipoprotein(a)의 농도 및 대동맥판막의 두께가 관상동맥 질환의 위험인자가 될 것으로 생각된다. Background : An elevated serum lipoprotein(a) level is an independent risk factor for athe-rosclerotic diseases, and the lipoprotein(a) level is correlated to preclinical atherosclerosis. To evaluate the association between lipoprotein(a) and aortic selerosis, ,itral sclerosis, and abdominal aorta thickness, we measured the aortic valve thickness, mitral valve thickness and abdominal aorta thickness. Also, we assessed the relationship between the aortic valve sclerosis, mitral valve sclerosis, abdominal aorta thickness and other coronary risk factors. Method : We measured serum lipoprotein(a) in 116 patients(52 men, 64 women) with mean age of 58.7±13.9 years. Aortic valve thickness was assessed by parasternal long and short axis two dimensional echocardiography, mitral valve thickness was measured by apical 4 chamber view. The abdominal aorta thickness was measured by the subcostal view. Result : The level of lipoprotein(a) was significantly correlated with the aortic valve thickness, but not with the miral valve thickness and the abdominal aorta thickness. lipoprotein(a) level was higher in smoking patients(p<0.05), and not related to other ariables such as blood pressure, age, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. Coronary angiography was performed in 18 paitents, and there was a tendency of the coronary artery disease with high level of the lipoprotein(a)(p<0.005). There was no significant difference in the thickness of aortic valve in terms of sex, blood pressure, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride or blodo sugar. Conclusion : We conclude that increased serum levels of lipoprotein(a) are closely related to aortic valve sclerosis and may be a risk factor for coronary artery disease.

두께에 따른 이중 중합형 복합레진의 중합

김윤주,진명욱,김성교,권태엽,김영경 대한치과보존학회 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of thickness, filling methods and curing methods on the polymerization of dual cured core materials by means of microhardness test. Two dual cured core materials, MultiCore Flow (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and Bis-Core (Bisco Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA) were used in this study. 2 ㎜ (bulky filled), 4 ㎜ (bulky filled), 6 ㎜ (bulky and incrementally filled) and 8 ㎜ (bulky and incrementally filled)-thickness specimens were prepared with light cure or self cure mode. After storage at 37℃ for 24 hours, the Knoop hardness values (KHN) of top and bottom surfaces were measured and the microhardness ratio of top and bottom surfaces was calculated. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Scheffe multiple comparison test, with α= 0.05. The effect of thickness on the polymerization of dual cured composites showed material specific results. In 2, 4 and 6 ㎜ groups, the KHN of two materials were not affected by thickness. However, in 8 ㎜ group of MultiCore Flow, the KHN of the bottom surface was lower than those of other groups (p < 0.05). The effect of filling methods on the polymerization of dual cured composites was different by their thickness or materials. In 6 ㎜ thickness, there was no significant difference between bulk and incremental filling groups. In 8 ㎜ thickness, Bis-Core showed no significant difference between groups. However, in MultiCore Flow, the microhardness ratio of bulk filling group was lower than that of incremental filling group (p < 0.05). The effect of curing methods on the polymerization of dual cured composites showed material specific results. In Bis-Core, the KHN of dual cured group were higher than those of self cured group at both surfaces (p < 0.05). However, in MultiCore Flow, the results were not similar at both surfaces. At the top surface, dual cured group showed higher KHN than that of self cured group (p < 0.05). However, in the bottom surface, dual cured group showed lower value than that of self cured group (p < 0.05). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of thickness, filling methods and curing methods on the polymerization of dual cured core materials by means of microhardness test. Two dual cured core materials, MultiCore Flow (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and Bis-Core (Bisco Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA) were used in this study. 2 ㎜ (bulky filled), 4 ㎜ (bulky filled), 6 ㎜ (bulky and incrementally filled) and 8 ㎜ (bulky and incrementally filled)-thickness specimens were prepared with light cure or self cure mode. After storage at 37℃ for 24 hours, the Knoop hardness values (KHN) of top and bottom surfaces were measured and the microhardness ratio of top and bottom surfaces was calculated. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Scheffe multiple comparison test, with α= 0.05. The effect of thickness on the polymerization of dual cured composites showed material specific results. In 2, 4 and 6 ㎜ groups, the KHN of two materials were not affected by thickness. However, in 8 ㎜ group of MultiCore Flow, the KHN of the bottom surface was lower than those of other groups (p < 0.05). The effect of filling methods on the polymerization of dual cured composites was different by their thickness or materials. In 6 ㎜ thickness, there was no significant difference between bulk and incremental filling groups. In 8 ㎜ thickness, Bis-Core showed no significant difference between groups. However, in MultiCore Flow, the microhardness ratio of bulk filling group was lower than that of incremental filling group (p < 0.05). The effect of curing methods on the polymerization of dual cured composites showed material specific results. In Bis-Core, the KHN of dual cured group were higher than those of self cured group at both surfaces (p < 0.05). However, in MultiCore Flow, the results were not similar at both surfaces. At the top surface, dual cured group showed higher KHN than that of self cured group (p < 0.05). However, in the bottom surface, dual cured group showed lower value than that of self cured group (p < 0.05).