Hepatic Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck(Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus(WHV)

Kyu-shik Jeong,정원일,Jae-yong Chung,Mi-young An,Chae-yong Jung,Gyoung-jae Lee,Jong-soo Kang,Byeong-cheol Kang,Young-heun Jee,Bruce H Williams,Young-oh Kwon,Da-hee Jeong 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Cirrhosis Occurring in a Young Woodchuck (Marmota monax) Due to Vertical Transmission of Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus (WHV)Da-hee Jeong, Won-il Jeong, Jae-yong Chung, Mi-young An, Chae-yong Jung, Gyoung-jae Lee1, Jong-soo Kang1, Byeong-cheol Kang2, Young-heun Jee3, Bruce H Williams4, Young-oh Kwon5 and Kyu-shik Jeong*College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea1Shinwon Scientific Co., LTD, Research Institute, Suwon, Korea2Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Korea3College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea

Risk of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage From Low-Energy Falls in the Oldest-Old Patients

Sung Kyu Kim,Ki Young Jeong,이종석,Han Sung Choi,홍훈표,고영관 대한노인병학회 2016 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.20 No.4

Background: The population of individuals classified as oldest-old (aged ≥85 years) has increased rapidly in recent years. The rates of morbidity from chronic diseases and physical dependence tend to be higher in the oldest-old compared with individuals classified as young-to-middle-old (aged 65-84 years). Therefore, the classification and evaluation of traumatic injuries in the oldest-old group are necessary. Herein we focused on the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in older patients. Methods: Patient medical records from the Emergency Department after low-energy falls that occurred between November 2014 and April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an older group (aged ≥65 years) and an adult group (aged 18-64 years); the older group was subdivided into the oldest-old group (aged ≥85 years) and a young-to-middle-old group (aged 65-84 years). The rate of intracranial hemorrhage and related factors were also investigated. Results: The older group had a greater risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage than the adult group (20% vs. 12.6%, p=0.019). Furthermore, more cases of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage were found in the oldest-old group than in the young-to-middle-old group (37.5% vs. 18.0%, p=0.024). Similarly, the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the oldest-old was higher than in the young-to-middle-old group (p=0.032). Conclusion: The risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in the oldest-old patients was higher than in the young-to-middleold patients. Therefore, physicians need to pay particular attention to oldest-old patients, even to those with mental integrity and without neurological deficits.

생활하수 및 산업폐수가 유입되는 수영천의 수질특성

이헌모,곽영규 동의공업대학 1999 論文集 Vol.25 No.1

Su-young Cheon is one of the severely polluted streams by domestic sewage and industrial wastewater. A study was carried out at downstream of Su-young Cheon in order to evaluate the effect of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater on water quality. The range and mean values of water quality in Won-Dong bridge were as follows: DO were 0.6-5.7mg/l and 3.82mg/l. SS were 12-79mg/l and 38.4mg/l. BOD 1.6-5.1mg/l, 3.17mg/l, COD 22.4-71mg/l, 39.6mg/l, NH4-N 0.28-1.49mg/l, 2.33mg/l, T-N 0.95-3.92mg/l, 1.76mg/l. In case of T-P were 0.14-0.77mg/l and 0.21mg/l. The range and mean values of water quality in Minrak bridge were as follows: DO were 3.3-5.6mg/l and 4.26mg/l. SS were 11-96mg/l and 53.7mg/l. BOD 0.8-4.7mg/l 2.75mg/l, COD 20-41mg/l, 29.6mg/l, NH4-N 0.02-1.98mg/l, 0.58mg/l, T-N 0.64-2.6mg/l, 1.76mg/l. In case of T-P were 0.12-0.88mg/l and 0.37mg/l.

응력 제한조건하의 신뢰성 기반 형상 최적설계

오영규(Young-kyu Oh),박재용(Jae-kyu Oh),임민규(Min-gyu Im),박재용(Jae-yong Park),한석영(Seog-young Han) 한국생산제조학회 2010 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The objective of this study is to integrate reliability analysis into shape optimization problem using the evolutionary structural optimization (ESO) in the application example. Reliability-based shape optimization is formulated as volume minimization problem with probabilistic stress constraint under minimization max. von Mises stress and allow stress. Young's modulus, external load and thickness are considered as uncertain variables. In order to compute reliability index, four methods, i.e., reliability index approach (RIA), performance measure approach (PMA), single-loop single￢vector (SLSV) and adaptive-loop (ADL), are used. Reliability-based shape optimization design process is conducted to obtain optimal shape satisfying max. von Mises stress and reliability index constraints with the above four methods, and then each result is compared with respect to numerical stability and computing time.

초음파 공명 분광법(RUS)을 이용한 SiC 입자강화 Al 기지복합재료의 탄성계수 해석

홍순형,주영상,정용무,정현규 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1999 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.19 No.3

SiC 입자강화 2124Al 금속복합재료의 강화재 부피분율에 따른 탄성 stiffness를 초음파 공명 스펙트로스코피(resonant ultrasound spectroscopy: RUS) 방법을 이용하여 측정하였다. RUS 방법은 한 개의 소형 시편으로 9개의 독립변수를 가진 사방정계(orthorhombic) 탄성계수를 간단한 실험으로 측정가능함을 보여주었다. SiC 강화재 부피분율 변화에 따른 탄성계수를 측정하였는데 이 경우 초기 추정 탄성계수를 구하기 위해서 부피분율에 따른 미세조직 사진으로부터 강화재의 형상(aspect ratio)과 방향을 고려한 유효 aspect ratio 개념을 도입하였고, Mori-Tanaka 이론식에 의한 계산결과를 이용하였다. 이로부터 계산된 공진주파수와 RUS의 측정 공진주파수 사이를 최소화함으로 정확한 탄성계수를 측정하였다. 측정된 stiffnesses로부터 공학적 탄성계수인 Young's modulus를 계산하였으며, 계산된 Young's modulus와 압출방향으로 인장시험한 Young's modulus를 비교분석하였다. SiC 입자의 부피분율이 증가함에 따라 탄성계수가 증가함을 나타내었고, 탄성 stiffness의 거동은 강화재가 많이 첨가될수록 횡등방성(transversely isotropic) 이 강하게 나타났으며 이것은 압출공정에 의해 강화재 입자의 방향성 재배열에 기인한다. 한편 일정크기 시편에 있어서 기본 공진주파수가 강화재 부피분율에 따라 고주파수 영역으로 이동하는 현상이 관찰되었으며, 이로 부터 비파괴적으로 강화재 부피분율을 예측할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하였다. The dynamic elastic properties of metal matrix composites were investigated by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy(RUS). The composites used in this study consisted of 2124 aluminum alloy reinforced with different concentrations of SiC particles. RUS can determine the nine independent elastic stiffness(C )for the orthorhombic symmetry on a small specimen simultaneously. The elastic constants were determined as a function of the volume fraction. A concept of effective aspect ratio, which combine the aspect ratio and the orientation of reinforcement, was used to calculate the initial moduli from Mori-Tanaka theory for the input of RUS minimization code. Young's moduli can be obtained from the measured stiffnesses. The results show that the elastic stiffness increases with increment of the particle content. The behavior of elastic stiffness indicates that the particle redistribution induced by the extrusion process enlarges the transversely isotropic symmetry as the fraction of reinforced particles increase. This relationship could be used for determination of the volume fractions of reinforcement as a potential tool of nondestructive material characterization.

고령자 남녀와 20대 남녀에 있어서 다양한 등속수축중 최대 모멘트의 비교

金智源(Ji-Won Kim),金相佑(Sang-Woo Kim),文基旭(Ki-Wook Moon),嚴光文(Gwang-Moon Eom),李泳揆(Young-Gyu Lee),南貞淑(Jung-Sook Nam),朴寬龍(Kwan-Yong Park),金耀翰(Yo-Han Kim),洪廷和(Jeong-Hwa Hong),朴炳奎(Bung-Kyu Park) 대한전기학회 2008 전기학회논문지 Vol.57 No.10

In this paper, we investigated the maximum ankle joint plantarflexion moment (MPM) of young and elderly subjects during various modes of isokinetic contractions with special interest in the elderly females who were reported to have higher fall rate than the elderly males. Subjects include the young subjects (14 males: 22.7±2.5yrs, 13 females: 20.5±1.3yrs) and the elderly subjects (17 males: 65.8±10.5yrs, 26 females: 71.4±5.2yrs). The MPM was normalized by each subject's body weight. The MPM of elderly females was the weakest among the groups, particularly, at the eccentric contractions. The male-to-female ratio of MPM was greater in the elderly than in the young and the young-to-elderly ratio of MPM was greater in female than in male, both during the eccentric contractions. The result suggests that the decreased muscle force per body weight, especially at the eccentric contraction, may be one reason for the more frequent fall of the elderly female than the elderly male.

젊은 남성에서 성정체성에 대한 고환의 영향 : 지역 기반 조사 Community-Based Survey

구자현,김민의,이남규,박영호 순천향의학연구소 2002 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.8 No.2

We investigated the influence of testis on the gender identity in late adolescent Korean males dwelling in a community. Of 27,202 men aged 20 years dwelling in the community, 2,700 men were randomly selected at a 10.0% sampling fraction. A total of 2,080 men who agreed to participate in the study and all volunteers underwent a standard evaluation. For the evaluation of influences of testis on the gender identity, we used the Bem Sex Role Inventory in the subjects who had testis torsion, testis injury of cryptorchidism as well as with no testicular disease. They were categorized as group 1; normal testis size, group 2; testis atrophy, and group 3; no testis in the scrotum. The median masculinity scores of group 1, 2 and 3 were not significantly different (group 1; 4.3 [3.65.0], group 2; 3.9 [3.1-4.5] and group 3; 4.6 [4.0-5.1], p=0.065). Regarding the femininity score, there were no differences among groups (group 1; 4.6 [4.0-5.1] versus group 2; 4.5 [3.9-4.8] and group 3; 4.6 [4.2-4.9], p=0.609). In group 3, the masculinity and femininity scores were not also different between of men underwent orchiectomy and did not undergo correction of cryptorchidism. We did not find the impact of testis on gender identity in our cohort. Additional research is needed to clarify the underlying psychopathology involved.

Peutz-Jeghers 증후군 1예

최규식,황영남,김영자,양윤모,최영호 대한가정의학회 1985 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.6 No.12

폐경후 골다공증 환자에서 체질량지수에 따른 Alendronate의 효과

조영석,나소영,이효진,홍우정,김군순,김도희,구본정,송민호,김영건,노흥규 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.2

배경 : 폐경후 골다공증은 심각한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 현재 Alendronate는 폐경후 골다공증의 치료제로서 널리 쓰이고 있다. 저자는 Alendronate의 골밀도에 효과를 알아보고 골다공증의 위험인자에 따른 Alendronate의 반응 정도를 평가하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 방법 : Alendronate를 평균 12개월간 복용한 35명의 폐경후 골다공증환자에서 체질량지수와 폐경후 기간에 따른 치료효과를 조사하였다. 결과 : 전체 대상군에서 Alendronate 10㎎을 12개월간 투여한후 골밀도의 평균 변화율은 요추와 대퇴골 경부에서 각각 7.83±7.39%와 2.99±9.22%이었다. 과체중군에서 평균변화율은 요추와 대퇴골 경부에서 각각 7.15±4.5%와 3.05±2.86%였다. 양군간에 통계적 유의성이 있는 차이는 없었다. 폐경후 7년이 경과되지 않은 군에서의 평균변화율은 요추와 대퇴골 경부에서 각각 6.9±5.3%와 5.71±0.08%였다. 양군간에 통계적인 유의성이 있는 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 마른체형이 골다공증의 발병에는 영향이 있으나, Alendronate 치료효과의 차이는 없는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 더불어 폐경이 있고 7년이 초과된 군과 년이 경과되지 않은 군에서의 Alendronate 치료효과의 차이는 없는 것을 확인할수 있었다. 이는 골흡수가 상당히 진행된 상태에서도 Alendronate가 치료효과를 가지고 있음을 반영한다고 할 수 있겠다. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a serious health problem. The aminophosphonate Alendronate is widely used for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. We studied the effect of l0㎎ of alendronate given daily for mean 12 months on bone mineral density in 35 women(mean age 61yrs. mean BMI 23.24㎏/m^(2)) with osteoporosis. An over weight group is defined such that BMI was above 23㎏/m^(2). All the women received 1500㎎ calcium carbonate daily. The bone mineral density of L-spine and femoral neck was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Alendronate increased BMD at mean 12 months at the L-spine (7.15±4.5%) and femoral neck(3.05±2.86%) in normal women. Alendronate increased bone mineral density at 12 months at the L-spine(6.00±5.3%) and femoral neck(4.17±4.87%) in overweight women. There was no difference between two groups. In the less than 7 years group of postmenopausal duration. alendronate increased bone mineral density at 12 months at the L-spine(6.9±4.9%) and femoral neck(3.18±7.1%). In the more than 7 years group of postmenopausal duration, alendronate increased hone mineral density at 1% months at the L-spine(6.5±5.3%) and femoral neck(5.71±0.08%). There was no difference between two groups. In postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, therapy with alendronate produced significant increases in BMD of the L-spine and femoral neck in both group. There was no difference between normal and over-weight groups. and between less than 7 years group and more than 7 years group of postmenopausal duration.

정신분열병 환자 가족을 위한 한 정신교육적 가족치료 모형의 효과

이영호,심주철,이상경,서영수,김용관,김규수,김영훈 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.3

연구목적 : 본 교실에서 정신분열병 환자 가족을 대상으로 시행 중인 장기 정신교육적 가족치료모형을 소개하고, 이모형이 가족의 대처방식과 우울증상, 환자가 자각하는 가족의 정서적 지지와 우울증상, 재입원율 및 사회재활상태에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 방 법 : 연구대상은 DSM-IV 진단기준에 의해 정신분열병으로 진단받고 외래 통원치료를 받고 있는 환자와 그 보호자였다. 교육군은 전체 19회 교육 중 최소 ⅔이상 참여한 11명의 환자와 가족이었고 비교육군은 부산소재의 종합병원에서 가족교육을 받지 않고 통원치료만을 받았던 11명의 환자와 가족이었다. 정신교육적 가족치료 모형의 효과는 가족의 대처방식과 우울증상, 환자가 자각하는 가족의 정서적 지지와 우울증상, 재입원율, 사호재활 실태로 나누어 평가했다. 평가도구는 The Ways of Coping Checklist의 국내번안용, Family Emotional Support Questionnaire for Transaction. Beck Depression Inventory를 이용했다. 재입원율 및 사회재활 실태에 대한 평가는 환자 및 가족과의 면담을 통해 조사했다. 결 과 : 본 연구의 정신교육적 가족치료 모형 실시 후 가족의 대처방식 중 적극적 대처는 교육군운 의미있게 증가한 반면 비교육군에서는 변화가 없었다. 소극적 대처 교육군은 의미있게 감소했으나 비교육군에서는 변화가 없었다. 가족치료모형 실시 전 가족들은 양군 모두 심한 우울증상을 갖고 있었다. 가족치료모형 실시 후 가족의 우울증상은 교육군에서 감소, 비교육군은 증가를 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 환자가 지각하는 가족의 정서적 지지 평가척도점수는 교육군은 의미있는 증가를 보였으나 비교육군에서는 변화가 없었다. 환자의 우울증상의 교육군에서는 현저한 감소를 보인 반면 비교육군은 상반되게 증가했다. 가족의 적극적 대처가 환자가 자각하는 정서적 지지의 증가 및 우울증상 감소와 의미있는 상관관계를 나타냈다. 또한 교육군의 환자들이 비교육군의 환자들보다 장기가족교육 종료시점과 9개월 경과 후의 추적 평가에서 재입원율이 현저히 낮았고, 사회재활상태도 좋았다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 실시된 장기 가족교육모형은 가족의 대처방식을 향상시키고, 우울증상의 감소를 가져오며, 환자가 자각하는 가족의 정서적 지지 향상 및 우울증상의 호전을 가져오고, 재입원율의 저하 및 사회재활의 향상을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. Objectives : This study was performed to introduce a psychoeducational family therapy model for the families of schizophrenic patient and to investigate the effect of this model on the changes in coping style and depressive symptoms of the family members, and in perception of emotional support by families and depressive symptoms of patients. Methods : Subjects were schizophrenic out-patients, who fufilled DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, and their families. The members of "education group" were 11 families and patients who participated in more than two thirds of 19 sessions of the program. The members of "non-education group" were 11 families and patients who had no experience of family education and were treated in a general hospital in Pusan. Clinical ratings were performed using by The Ways of Coping Checklist, Family Emotional Support Questionnaire for Transactions, and Beck Depression Inventory. Results : Coping style was changed positively, in education group but not in non-education group. The depressive symptoms of families were decreased in educated group and increased in non-educated group, although there were no statistical significance. In education group, patients felt much better emotional support by their families than patients in non-education group did. At the same time, their depressive symptoms were significantly reduced. The patients from education group were on more successful rehabilitation than those from non-education group were. Conclusion : Our results suggest that this psychoeducational family therapy model would be helpful to induce the positive changes in coping styles and reduce the depressive symptoms of family members, and it could also induce the reduction of depressive symptoms of schizophrenic patients and help their rehabilitation.