가스상 대기오염물질에 의한 종이 기록물의 가속열화 특성 연구

정소윤(So-Yoon Jeong),전수연(Soo-Yeon Jeon),백소라(So-Ra Baek),정현석(Hyun-Seok Jeong),이진희(Jin-Hee Lee),김형진(Hyoung-Jin Kim) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.4

Paper records were generally degraded by some factors from atmospheric environments, like temperature, relative humidity or air pollutants. In this study, the degradation behavior of paper records by single or mixed gases of NO₂, SO₂, HCHO and TVOC was evaluated. The mechanical, optical and chemical properties of 4 kinds of paper (acid and neutral-based printing paper, traditional Hanji, and filter paper) were directly and indirectly affected by gaseous harmful materials. The brightness and L<SUP>*</SUP> value in all papers were slightly increased by accelerated aging under gaseous HCHO and TVOCs, but highly decreased by conditions under gases NO₂ and SO₂. The optical properties of paper records were most vulnerable in acid-based paper and high stable in filter paper and traditional Hanji by air pollutant degradation. The aging treatments under mixed gas pollutants including NO₂ resulted in decrease of physical, mechanical and optical properties of paper, so it was supposed that the concentration of NO₂ gas would be strictly controlled for optimum indoor air quality management in domestic storage centers for paper records.

대중교통 이용 편의에 대한 서비스 디자인 제안

김소연(Kim, So Yeon),권근희(Kwon, Keun Hee),최윤영(Choi, Youn Young),김승인(Kim, Seung In) 한국디지털디자인협의회 2015 디지털디자인학연구 Vol.15 No.3

해외여행의 일반화에 따른 우리나라 국내외 입국자수의 증가로 2001년 항공 수요를 분담하고, 아시아 허브 공항의 축을 담당할 인천국제 공항이 개장되었다. 이후 김포 공항은 국내 항공 수요만 담당하였으나 2007년 이후로 중국, 일본과 같은 지리적 인접국에 대한 국제선 수요가 증가하였다. 여기에 공항철도 운영으로 이용객의 접근성이 높아져 지속적인 증가가 예상되지만 여기에 발생되는 이용객의 문제점에 대한 연구는 충분히 수행되지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 HCI 방법으로 공항철도를 이용하는 승객들의 문제점을 찾고 이에 해결 방안을 제시한다. 이를 수행하기 위해 심층인터뷰(in-depth interview) 방식으로 대중교통을 이용하여 김포공항을 이용하는 사람들의 니즈(needs)와 페인포인트(pain points)를 찾았다. 여기서 도출 된 짐에 대한 불편함을 바탕으로 ‘어떻게 하면 이동을 부담감을 줄일 수 있을까?’라는 디자인 코어(design core)를 도출할 수 있었다. 디자인 코어를 바탕으로 지미서비스(zimmy service)를 제안한다. 지미서비스는 첫 번째로 ZIMMY early delivery service, 두번째로 ZIMMY freeway service, 마지막으로 ZIMMY anabada movement이다. 이는 대중교통을 이용해 김포공항을 이용하는 이용객의 편의를 높이기 위한 서비스로서 이후 다양한 서비스디자인의 연구와 개발이 기대된다. Incheon International airport opened at 2001 to be hub airport of Asia and to take Kimpo International airport’s share of airline demands according to increaing of travelers because oversea trips have been common. After Incheon International airport opened, Kimpo International airport only had taken in charge of domestic demands. However Kimpo airport started to run some international airlines because there were increse of International airlines demands in nearest countris like China and Japan since 2007. The accessability of Kim-po airport by public transportation is better than In-cheon airport. Although passengers of airport railroad express are predicted to be increased because of easy transportation access, there are not many research to take care of airport railroad express users. This study will use HCI method to find the pain points of users and to suggest solutions. In this study, we would like to suggest Zimmy Service, which is deducter by service design process, for accessconvenience to ustomers who are using Airport Express Railroad Gimpo station. We conduct IDI(in-depth interview) to find customer’s needs and pain points and were drown a design core as ‘How might we reduce inconvenience when they move?’. By design core, we are suggesting Zimmy service. There are 3 elements in Zimmy service, early delivery service, freeway service and anabada movement. It is the service design in order to increase access convenience who a using public transportation to go to the Gimpo Airport. And more research and development of service design is expected to suggest various services for public transportation users.

한국 근대기 미술 유학을 통한 ‘동양화’의 추구

김소연(Kim So-yeon) 한국근현대미술사학회 2014 한국근현대미술사학 Vol.27 No.-

In line with the further development of the idea of art education in the modern period, changes in the traditional painters were from not only inside but also from their interaction with the outside world. In the latter perspective, painters’ external experiences changed from touring to a more specific purpose of studying abroad. Such a phenomenon became more noticeable around the hosting of Joseon Art Exhibition where the transition to the Oriental painting settled officially. As more painters went to Japan for study, painting styles were directly passed down through the student-instructor relationships, affecting a huge impact on Joseon traditional painting restructure. Around 1920, Joseon students entered some famous hwasuks (small-scale private painting school) including Dyenshindo whasuk. This article focused on Dyenshindo hwasuk and a main painter Yeongil Lee of the modern colored painters to look at his study in Japan and roles in the domestic colored painting. Based on Changwhan Kim’s research on Japanese paintings in Takinogawa in the countryside of Tokyo, this article traced his path from the training period, to return to Korea to work as the first Joseon newspaper illustrator. Other than hwasuks, art schools and art institutions were possible places to learn Japanese paintings. This study also noted main color painters including Hanbok Lee, a governmentsponsored student at the Tokyo Art School, Eunho Kim and Wuseok Choi for their study-abroad period, painting style experiments right after their overseas study, and diverse theme changes by using new materials. In addition, this article identifies the characteristics and case examples after the 1930s when the scope of art study abroad expanded in terms of the number of engaged students and regions. Including the art area, the entire academic areas had increasing number of students going to Japan for study and schools and art institutions with lower admission thresholds opened up their doors, forming a favorable environment for study in Japan. In line with the trend in the Japanese local painters, some Joseon painters such as Geunbae Choi, studied Western paintings along with Japanese paintings and pursue multiple experiences in diverse organizations including hwasuks, art schools, etc. As second generational students studying in Japan appeared, Eunho Kim’s experience in Japan was applied to his students completing a certain period of study, leading to their study in Japan, in turn. Also, study destinations were expanded outside Tokyo or study period grew longer. One good example examined herein is Maljo Jeong who graduated from the Kyoto Municipal Painting School and settled in Kyoto. Especially This article, in order to understand better the trend of the color painters, introduced the color-printed pictorial with some of the works in the Joseon Art Exhibition of which the original was lost and only black-and-white illustrations are passed down.

유소년기의 스포츠 활동참여에 따른 스트레스와 사회적 지지에 관한 연구

김소연,이채산 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.4

The purpose of this study was to verified the relationship on children of sport actives participation between stress and social support. For this purpose the subject were in Iksan city elementary school who are 5, 6 graders as population. And sampling were selected the among these 512 students collected, 486 students were included in the analysis management tools used in this study were 22 questions about stress(You, An-Jin, 1995), and 17 questions about social support(Kim, myoung-sook, 1995). For this analysis data were analyzed by employing spss 9.0 program for window, mean and standard deviation, two- way ANOVA, multiple regression with dummy, and duncan post hoc. The result were summarized as follow: First, In the level of total stress according to background variables, There was no significant difference in food preference ratio and somatotype, however, there was significantly difference in parent's job. Second, In the total stress according to children sports participation was lower sport actives group than non sports actives group in boy and girl students. Third. In the effect of stress according to social support that the data was with dummy variables, in teacher's realm stress was larger in teacher's support than in parent's and friend support (R²=.222, p<.001), in the friend's realm stress was larger in friend's supports than in teacher's and family support (R²=.099, p<.001), in the household's realm was larger in family support than in the teacher's and friend's support(R²=.082, p<.05).

청소년이 지각한 부모-자녀 간 의사소통 유형과 성의식과의 관계

김소연 가톨릭대학교 학생생활상담소 2010 학생생활상담 Vol.28 No.-

본 연구는 청소년 자녀의 성의식 확립과 관계가 있을 것이라고 예측되는 부모 요인 중에서 부모-자녀 간 의사소통유형과 청소년기 자녀의 성의식과의 관계에 대해 알아보고자 남자고등학생 262명, 여자고등학생 220명을 대상으로 연구를 실시하였다. 연구 결과 부모 자녀 간 의사소통유형이 폐쇄형일 때 성의식과 유의미한 정적상관관계를 보여주었다. 부모-자녀 간 의사소통유형과 성별은 성의식에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 부모와의 의사소통유형이 개방형일 때 보다 폐쇄형일 때 자녀의 성의식 허용수준이 높았으며, 여학생에 비해 남학생의 성의식 허용수준이 높게 나타났다. 그러나 부모와의 의사소통유형과 성별에 따른 성의식의 상호작용 효과는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 본 연구는 자녀의 성에 대한 관심, 성에 대한 의식, 성 태도를 적절하게 지도하여 올바른 성의식 확립에 실질적인 도움을 줄 수 있는 효과적인 의사소통의 기초 자료를 제공하는데 의의가 있다.

홀로그래피(holography)를 이용한 3차원적인 직물연구

김호연,안소영 홍익대학교 산업디자인 연구소 2003 미술디자인 논문집 Vol.- No.8

As the development of modern transportation and communications technology is made, the world is becoming smaller. We see multinational companies homogenizing our ways of life and it makes such an impact that we should keep our diverse cultural identities. The new technology provides us with the latest in sophisticated textiles. The new textiles in combination with the highly developed technology can provide flexible solutions for an optimistic future that we all look forward to seeing. The textile world is rapidly opening up to all the new technologies available. Artists are aking full use of sophisticated materials and techniques to make innovative textile works which comment on the technology forces the artist to think and work in very different ways, and plays a role within contemporary textile are practice that is both provocative and inspiring. Dyeing, printing, knitting, papermaking, embroidery, weaving and various construction techniques with fiber and fabrics-all come under the umbrella of textile and non-textile materials that continually push out the boundaries of possibility. The increasing diversity of the new synthetics opens up new possibilities and challenges. in the past artists and designers have worked with particular materials, taking their properties and limitations into account. Advanced technology will be the basis for the future of materials, and in years to come we may be able to work with mutable, flexible, almost 'living' materials. In this way, technology will take us from our old familiar world to a future with a very different environment. As technology offers increasingly sophisticated materials the designer has been forced to rethink many of his working methods. Materials are displaying new performance characteristics demanding a different manufacturing and consequently a different design approach. Hence the growing trend towards interdisciplinary design. While some designers struggle to keep up with new material, others are developing new design scenarios in preparation for the next leap in technology. Combining scientific knowledge with an ability to identify design needs, the technologist may be the future breed of designer/technologist.

항암제 처리한 백혈병 세포주에서의 Apoptosis 발현

김삼용,윤소현,김현수,김종숙,윤환중,김진경,조덕연 충남대학교 암연구소 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

The bcl-2 proto-oncogene encodes a 26 kD protein that promotes cell survival by blocking apoptosis. The bax protein is a member of the bcl-2 familly, now known to form heterodimers with the bcl-2 protein. The ratio of bax to bcl-2 is be critical in determining the fate of the cell in response to stimuli that can induce apoptosis. Extract of Pulsatilla Koreana (SB-31) showed promising antitumor activity in vitro with Topo I inhibitory action. In the present study, the relationship between apoptosis and the apoptosis related proteins, bcl-2 and bax were investigated in human leukemic cell lines HL-60, U-937 and CEM-CM3. All anticancer drugs(adriamycin, etoposide, camptothecin, SB-31) induced extensive apoptosis in HL-60, U-937 cells and CEM-CM3 cells. The expression of bcl-2 and bax protein were determined in cell lines by western blotting before and after incubation with anticancer drugs at different time points. 1) In HL-60 or U-937 cell lines, down regulation of bcl-2 and up-regulation of bax were found after incubation with ADR, VP-16 or camptothecin. 2) In HL-60 or U-937 cell lines, no significant change in bcl-2 or bax protein expression resulted after incubation with SB-31. 3) In CEM-CM3 cells, virtually no change was noted in bcl-2/bax expression after incubation with ADR, VP-16, camptothecin or SB-31. It is suggested that different leukemic cell lines use different pathways of apoptosis activation and a given cell may utilize different pathways of apoptosis activation in response to different cytotoxic agents.

제1유구치의 조기 상실로 인한 공간 변화에 대한 3차원적 분석

김지연,정다운,곽소연,유승은,박기태 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

본 연구는 제1유구치의 조기 상실 시 공간 변화에 대한 분석을 위하여 3-Dimensional Laser Scanner를 이용하여 그 유용성을 평가하고자 하는 예비논문이다. 6세-8세 사이의 제1대구치가 맹출하여 확실한 교합 관계를 이루는 혼합치 열기 어린이 중 편측 제1유구치의 조기 발치가 필요한 6명의 발치 전 후의 모형을 이용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. l. 유구치 공간변화는 상악은 실험군과 대조군 모두 현저한 감소를 보이지 않았고, 하악은 실험군에서 3명 중 2명에서 공간감소가 관찰되었다. 2. 치열궁 너비,치열궁 둘레는 초기모형과 최종모형에서 비슷한 값을 보였다. 3. 협설측 경사도 변화는 유견치에서는 상하악 모두 특별한 경향을 보이지 않았으며,제2유구치는 상악은 실험군과 대조군이 유사하였고,하악에서는 3명중 2명에서 실험군이 더 큰 설측경사도 변화를 보였다. 제1대구치는 하악에서 실험군이 더 큰 설측경사도 변화가 관찰되었다. 4. 근원심 경사도 변화 측정에서 유견치는 상하악 모두 특별한 경향이 관찰되지 않았고 제2유구치의 경우 하악에서 실험군이 더 큰 근심경사도 증가가 보였다. 제1대구치는 상악에서 실험군,대조군 모두 원심 경사도가 증가되었다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a 3-Dimensional laser scanner for the space analysis after loss of a primary first molar. Six children with premature loss of a primary first molar were examined using study models taken before and after the extraction. The results were as follows: 1. There was no change in primary molar space after the extraction of a maxillary primary first molar However, 2 out of 3 children experienced primary molar space loss in extraction side of a mandibular primary first molar. 2. Arch width and arch perimeter showed no difference between initial and final model. 3. All primary canines did not show any changes in inclination. Maxillary primary second molars had similar changes in both extraction and control side. However, 2 out of 3 mandibular primary second molars in extraction side showed more lingual tipping compared to control side. Mandibular permanent first molars tipped more lingually in extraction side. 4. In angulation, primary canines showed nothing of significance. Mandibular primary second molars tipped more mesially in extraction side than in control side. Maxillary permanent first molars have increased distal angulation after extraction of primary first molars in both side.

미성숙영구치의 복합항생제 적용에 의한 변색의 처치: 증례보고

박소연,김영재,김정욱,장기택,이상훈,김종철,한세현,현홍근 大韓小兒齒科學會 2012 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

The concept of revascularization of necrotic pulps regained interest and became an alternative conservative treatment option for young permanent teeth with immature roots. Revascularization of immature teeth with apical periodontitis depends mainly on disinfection of the canal. Since the infection of the root canal system is considered to be polymicrobial, a combination of drugs would be needed to treat the diverse flora. A triple antibiotic mixture of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline was used as an intracanal medicament. However, discoloration was developed after applying the triple antibiotic mixture. It is believed that the marked discoloration is related to the use of minocycline. The aim of this article was to present cases of coronal discoloration after triple antibiotic therapy in immature tooth and was treated with bleaching technique to control coronal discoloration. In conclusion, revascularization by using triple antibiotics promotes a paradigm shift in treating endodontically involved permanent teeth. However, we should understand that triple antibiotics containing minocycline induces tooth discoloration. Further research to prevent coronal discoloration should be investigated and suggested for the safe use of triple antibiotics. 괴사된 미성숙영구치의 치수치료에 있어서 치수의 재혈관화를 통해 치근단 발육 및 치근형성을 지속하려는 개념이 소개됨 으로써 현재 미성숙영구치의 치수치료의 대안으로 제시되고 있다. 이러한 치근단 염증을 가진 미성숙 영구치의 재혈관화를 위해서는 가장 중요한 것이 근관내 감염된 부분을 확실히 제거하는 살균(disinfection)이다. 근관 내 감염은 여러 세균의 복 합작용으로 일어나기 때문에 철저한 살균에 사용되는 약제의 조합은 다양한 범위의 균주를 모두 제거 가능해야한다. Metronidazole(MN), ciprofloxacin(CF), minocycline(MC)의 세 가지 복합항생제가 약제로 사용되고 있으나 이 복합항생 제 적용 후 치관변색을 일으키는 사례가 보고되고 있다. 이러한 치관변색은 항생제의 성분 중 MC에 의한 것으로 여겨지고 있으며, 본 증례에서는 복합항생제 적용에 의해 야기된 치관변색의 증례를 소개하고 이를 표백술로 처치하여 최종 수복한 증 례를 보고하였다. 복합항생제 적용을 통해 미성숙영구치의 치수치료에 새로운 패러다임을 제시한 것은 분명하지만 치관변색 등의 부작용이 있음을 인지하고 치관변색을 사전에 예방하고 최소화하기 위해 다양한 방법이 강구되어야 할 것이다.

전북대학교병원 소아치과에 내원한 교정환자 보호자들의 의삭에 관한 설문조사

소유려,백병주,김재곤,양연미,이용훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

최근 치의학의 눈부신 발전과 소득의 증가에 따른 일반인의 의식 변화로 외모에 대한 관심도가 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대학병원에 내원한 동기와 교정치료를 시작하게 된 동기,치료방법 및 치료기간을 파악하여,이를 토대로 보호자와 보다 적절한 의사소통을 위한 정보를 파악하고,보호자들의 교정치료에 대한 기대를 파악하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 이를 위해 전북대학교 치과병원 소아치과에 내원한 교정환자의 보호자 150명을 대상으로 조사 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 본 병원의 소아치과를 찾게 된 이유 중 대학병원이 좋을 것 같아서가 52.1%. 친지나 아는 사람의 권유가 25%. 다른 치과병원의 소개가 16.7%로 나타났다. 2. 내원 전 예상하였던 치료기간 중 2년 이상이 37.5%. 12∼18개월이 12.5%로 나타났다. 3. 교정치료를 받으려는 이유 중 부모가 부정교합을 발견하고 걱정스러워서가 58.3%, 주위사람들의 지적이 12.5%로 나타났다. 4. 소아치과 내원 환자의 치료방법은 구강 내 고정성장치가 41.7%, 가철성장치가 29.2% 구외 장치가 2.1%를 차지했다. 5. 예약 후 치료를 위해 기다리는 시간 중 5∼10분이 39.6%, 15∼30분이 4.1%로 나타났으며,기다리는 시간은 어느 정도까지 괜찮다고 생각하는가에 대해 5∼10분이 60.4%, 15∼30분이 2.1%로 나타났다. Recently, in proportion to the remarkable development of dentistry and income increases it is growing more and more a concern about changed awareness in appearance, In this study, it had a grasp of the purpose for university hospital visiting, the motive of the commencement for orthodontic treatment and a method of the treatment as well as term. Based on these, the aim of this study is to keep more of the information between parent and doctors for mutual understanding and to grasp the characteristics for the needs of orthodontic treatment. In order to conduct researches, there has made a survey of 150 persons among orthodontic patients' parents who visit CBNU hospital, the pediatric dentistry. The study has found the results like these. 1. There was a question about the reason to visit CBNU hospital in the department of pediatric dentistry for orthodontic treatment. 52.1% of respondents, the survey found, were more likely to receive a good medical service. 25% of them were counselled from a relative or an acquaintance. 16.7% of them were recommended by another dental clinic. 2. There was a question about the expected orthodontic treatment period, when at first hospital visiting. 37.5% of the respondents answered that it was a 'more than 2 years', 12.5% of them said 'from 12 months to 18 months'. 3. There was a question about the reason to receive orthodontic treatment. 58.3% of the respondents, the survey found, answered the reason was parents' concern about the malocclusion of their children, 12.5% of them said a the orthodontic problem pointed out by entourages. 4. There was a question about the method of orthodontic treatment for patients who visit the department in pediatric dentistry. 41.7% of the respondents said that it was used as 'an intra-oral fixed appliance', 29.2% of them said 'an intra-oral removable appliance', 2.1% of them said 'an extra-oral appliance'. 5. There was a question about the waiting time for treatment after a dental appointment. 60.4% of the respondents said 'from 5 minutes to 10 minutes', 4.1% of them said 'from 15 minutes to 30 minutes'. There was a question about the extent of an acceptable waiting time. It was answered to 'from 5 minutes to 10 minutes' by 60.4% of them, 2.1% of them said 'from 15 minutes to 30 minutes'.