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김호연 한국시각장애교육&재활학회 2007 시각장애연구 Vol.23 No.1
This study reviews previous studies on human echolocation in order to discuss known and possible uses of echolocation by human. Previous studies has been searched both manually and through web-based databases. Before studies on echolocation had conducted people believed that blind travellers uses the sixth sense which is 'facial vision'. The studies on echolocation suggest that both blind and sighted humans were able to find obstacles by utilizing hearing perception. Further studies found that people are capable of substantial precision in the perception of properties of distal objects, such as distance, size, shape, and substance. This study suggests future research that focuses on sound types for efficient echolocating and experimental studies that can be implemented in the real world rather that experimental settings. Finally this current review discusses implications of research outcomes toward building centers, schools, and houses for people with visual impairments and planing of orientation and mobility programs. 본 연구는 시각장애인의 반향음 활용에 관한 내용으로 문헌 연구 방법으로 진행되었다. 관련 서적과 다양한 관련 데이터베이스를 통해 웹서치 방법으로 과거부터의 현재까지의 반향음 관련 연구를 종합 분석하여 제시하였다. 1900년대 초반에 시각장애인들이 보이는 특수한 장애물 파악능력은 ‘안면시력’이라는 능력으로 알려졌으나 반향음을 비롯한 청각 관련 연구를 통해 시각장애인들의 장애물 파악 능력은 청력과 관련이 있고 사용하는 소리는 박쥐나 돌고래와 같이 ‘반향음’을 사용하는 것으로 결론짓게 되었다. 이 후 반향음 연구는 좀 더 구체적으로 실시되어 장애물의 모양, 재질 및 거리 등을 다양하게 제시하여 분석되었고, 음원의 종류와 크기 등에 관한 연구로 변화 발전하였다. 본 연구는 현재의 동향에서 더 나가아 미래 반향음 연구의 방향을 제시하고 반향음 연구가 시각장애인의 이동에 미치는 시사점과 미래 연구의 시사점을 제시하고 있다.
한 생존자의 기억을 통해 본 역사의 상흔(trauma) - 프리모 레비의「이것이 인간인가」를 중심으로 -
김호연,유강하 전북사학회 2009 전북사학 Vol.0 No.34
Recently, discourse on the memory is being formed in many areas including not only history but also philosophy, psychology, sociology, and literature etc. The memory is not the thing that never changes like documents, but it is positioning itself as another chapter of research on history in that it can fill up the gap of historical research which has been studied based on literature. This paper is focusing on considering the issues such as what meaning a survivor's memory can give to us rather than focusing on ‘history as reality’, and what value the memory has, and how historical trauma of individuals or groups can be cured based on those meanings and values. Thus, here, we developed our argument using the text Is this a man(Se questo è un uomo, 1945), which is a book written by a witness who survived the Auschwitz Nazi death camp. To achieve the goal of this article, first of all, we examined correlation between the memory and history. Although history and the memory may seem contrary to each other in a sense, they are of interdependence and complementary. In order for the relation between them to be productive, not stability and balance, but tense and check are necessary, and history should be approached from such a perspective. Only then, history and memory will be able to be partners for true history. Next, we have sought how to cure historical trauma seen from the perspective of the memory through the text to publish memories of a survivor's life full of ups and downs. Primo Levi does not bring cruelty of the harmer into excessive focus, but tried reflective overcoming to free himself from the shackles by objectifying traumatic memories directly confronting the past. In this sense, this research will give a possibility to newly restore trauma of memories forgotten in history and direction to seek how to cure trauma hidden behind memories.
Perinatal outcome associated with latency in late preterm premature rupture of membranes
김호연,김태현,안기훈,조금준,홍순철,오민정,김해중 한국모자보건학회 2018 한국모자보건학회 학술대회 연제집 Vol.2018 No.2
Background and Aim: This study was aimed to compare perinatal outcome between different latency time among women with late preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Methods: This retrospective case-control study included women with PPROM from 34+0 to 36+6 weeks of gestation, who delivered at Korea University Hospital in Ansan from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2017. The maternal characteristics, neonatal characteristics and neonatal outcome variables were compared between different latency times (>72h versus ≤72h). Women who delivered within two hours, who diagnosed fetal congenital anomalies and not delivered in our institution were excluded from this study. Result: A total of two hundred fifty women with late PPROM were analyzed. There were thirty PPROM women with latency >72h. There were no significant differences between two groups in gestational age at delivery, oligohydramnios (AFI<5), and histologic chorioamnionitis. Women with latency ≤72h had more short cervical length (<2.5cm) (p< 0.001) and experienced more cesarean delivery (p=0.02). Neonatal outcomes (5min Apgar score less than 7, ventilator care, sepsis, NEC, RDS, PVL, BPD, IVH grade 3 to 4 and neonatal death) demonstrated no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: In women with late PPROM, latency time >72h did not result in increased adverse neonatal outcome compared to latency time ≤72h. This finding may be helpful for optimizing maternal and neonatal care in women with late PPROM.