7분 선별검사(7 Minute Screen Test) 각 하위 척도의 임상적 유용성

구형모,김지혜,고선규,고혜정,이형석,김상윤,김도관 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Objectives : We aimed to provide standard data of the individual tests in 7MS that could generalized for Korean elderly accor-ding to age and education. We also evaluated diagnostic efFicacy of each test in 7MS. Methods : Data on demographic characteristics of 311 normals were gathered for comparison. We also assessed two differences between normal and dementia group in individual tests of 7MS. Results : All individual tests of 7MS showed significant differences in sex, age, and education, except for ECR. But there were no significant differences in sex controlling age and education. As a result of ROC curve, the ability of the ECR test to discriminate between AD and normal subject appeared superior. The scores of the individual tests of 7MS among CDR 0.5 and 1 group and normal group were compared. It was also found that the ECR test stands out among 7MS tests. Conclusion : The 7MS, Particularly ECR, had the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of AD as well as early de-mentia. It suggests that the individual tests of 7MS are useful to predict early dementia, without using the complex logistic re-gression equation.

지베렐린과 에세폰의 葉面撒布가 '美白' 복숭아의 熟期와 品質에 미치는 影響

김영호,윤철구,임상철,김학현,이철희,최관순,김선규 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1999 農業科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

In order to obtain the basic data for artificial maturity control of 'Mibaek' peach, GA and ethephon were foliar sprayed 4 weeks prior to harvest, and their effects on fruit maturity and quality were examined. GA and ethephon tended to decrease the fruit weight except 100mg ㆍ L-1 GA+50 to 100mg · L-1 ethephon treatment. GA increased the fruit firmness, and ethephon at higher concentration increased the fruit drop. Harvest date was advanced for 7 to 8 days by ethephon while was delayed for 6 to 8 days by GA treatment, regardless of concentration.

과수 조류피해 방지에 관한 연구

김영호,윤철구,임상철,손인창,박재혁,김동환,김선규 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 2002 연구보고서 Vol.6 No.-

새로운 저비용 고효율 조류 피해 방지법의 개발을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여, 현재 사과, 배 과수원에서 사용되고 있는 조류피해 방지 방법들의 정확한 효과를 서로 비교 검토하고, 아울러 충북지역 과수 재배 농가들을 대상으로 유해조류에 의한 피해 실태와 경제성 있는 조류 피해방지 방법에 대한 설문조사를 병행 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조류피해는 방조망 설치에 의해서만 완전히 방지할 수 있었으며, 조류 피해율별 손익계산 결과를 참고하여 이익이 있을 때는 표준방조망을 설치하고, 그렇지 않을 경우에는 설치비가 저렴하며 농가에서 간단히 시공할 수 있는 간이방조망 설치가 더 경제적인 것으로 판단되었다. 도내 과수 농가의 조류피해는 지역 간에 큰 차이가 있었으며, 음향적 방제인 버드가드와 보호봉지인 망사봉지에 의한 방제가 가장 효과적이었다. 그러나 버드가드는 높은 설치비용이 문제되므로, 퇴치 효과가 비슷하거나 더 우수하면서 저렴한 한국식 음향 기구를 개발할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 보호봉지인 UV 봉지와 플라스틱 보호캡 및 망사봉지 처리는 품종에 관계없이 피해를 현저하게 감소시켰으나, 과실의 착색 등 품질에 미치는 영향에 대해서 추가적인 연구와 검토가 필요한 것으로 생각되었다. To obtain basic data for low cost-high efficiency control methods for bird damage, the available control methods currently in use mostly in Chungbuk Province were tested on site, and the control efficiency was compared. Also, a comprehensive survey of actual bird damage and the control methods on model apple and pear growers in Chungbuk Province was conducted. The results are summarized as follows. The perfect control for bird damage was possible only through bird net, it was recommended that profit-and loss account must be considered before installing bird net, and when the 'standard bird net' does not come up to break-even point, more economic and convenient 'simplified bird net' should be a alternative. Actual extent of bird damage varied according to the locality, and imported acoustic apparatus BirdGard^R, development of our own system with superior or same quality and reasonable price is necessary. Fruit bags such as UV bags, plastic protective caps, and net bags were highly effective for bird damage control, irrespective of fruit species and cultivar, but further study to resolve some problems such as poor coloration caused by bagging is necessary.

내측연수경색에서 관찰된 안구의 반대편 측방돌진

김지수,문소영,정선미,한문구,박성호 대한평형의학회 2003 Research in Vestibular Science Vol.2 No.2

2,4-D 處理가 'Harcot' 살구와 '美白' 복숭아의 果實 成熟과 品質에 미치는 影響

윤철구,김영호,임상철,김학현,이철희,최관순,김선규 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1999 農業科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

Effect of 2,4- D application on the fruit maturity and quality of 'Harcot' apricot and 'Mibaek' peach was examined. Leaf area of 'Harcot' apricot was not affected by 2,4-D while that of 'Mibaek' peach was increased by 35mg · L-1 2,4-D. Application of 2,4-D at 35mgㆍL-1 increased the fruit weight of both species, and that of 'Harcot' was doubled. Soluble solids content of 'Harcot' was decreased by 2,4-D while that of 'Mibaek' was not affected. Fruit maturity of 'Harcot' and 'Mibaek' was enhanced for respective 4 and 1 day by 2,4-D application. Percent fruit cracking of 'Harcot' apricot was decreased by 35mg · L-1 2,4-D.

한우에 있어서 GnRH와 PGF_2α에 의한 발정동기화 연구

강한석,김선구 밀양대학교 농업기술개발연구소 2000 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.4 No.1

This study was conducted to get some information for the timed insemination program development of Korean native cows. Korean native cows that didn't show estrus behavior up to 60days after calving were used. Estrus synchtonization was induced by injection of PGF2α and GnRH. The estrus synchronization rate was 40.0% in treatment of PGF2α- PGF2α and 93.3% in treatment of GnRH- PGF2α -GnRH. All synchronization cows ovulated between 26 and 32hrs after the 2nd injection of GnRH and the highest ovulation rate was shown at 28hrs after the 2nd injection of GnRH. The highest pregnancy rate was shown in case of artificial insemination at 24hrs after the 2nd injection of GnRH. The pregnancy rate was 50.7% in treatment of PGF2α - PGF2α and 76.9% in treatment of GnRH- PGF2α -GnRH.

Long-Term Culture of Gonadal Primordial Germ Cells(gPGCs) for Genetic Manipulation in Chicken

Kim, Seon-Ku,Lee, Gil-Wang,Han, Jae-Yong,Hong, Yeong-Ho,Cho, Byung-Wook 密陽産業大學校 農業技術開發硏究所 1998 農業技術開發硏究所報 Vol.2 No.1

닭을 포함한 조류의 원시생식세포는 포유류의 원시생식세포와는 다르게 초기 배 발달 단계 중 extraembryonic 부위에 존재하면서 혈관계를 따라 원시생식기로 이동한다. 따라서 원시생식 세포의 분리 및 배양 그리고 게놈의 조작에 의한 수용체에로의 주입은 형질전환 닭 생산을 위한 매우 매력적인 과제라 할 수 있다. 비록 단기간 (5일정도) 배양에 대한 보고가 있으나, 닭의 embryonic stem cell (ES) 또는 PGC의 장기간 배양에 대한 보고는 거의 전무한 상태이다. Mouse의 경우 원시생식세포의 중식, 성장 그리고 분화는 여러 요인들에 의해 조정된다 LIF, IGF-1, SCF, bFGF, IL-11등과 같은 인자에 의한 닭 원시생식세포의 장기배양 결과 원시생식기의 stroma 세포를 feeder, layer로 사용하였으며, 약 3개월간 성공적으로 배양할 수 있었다. 배양 초기 1-2일을 전후해 세포의 수가 급감함을 관찰할 수 있었는데 이는 초기 세포 분리시 피해입은 세포등에 의한 원인이라 생각된다. 배양된 원시생식세포는 쥐의 ES 세포에 특이 적인 항체인 MC-480 (anti-SSEA-1)에 특이적으로 염색이되어 ES 세포의 특성을 가지면서 장기간 배양이 가능함을 입증하였다. 또한 배양 기간중 약 50%의 원시생식세포가 분열중임을 proliferation assay을 하여 입증하였으며, pCMV-GFP plasmid DNA을 전기충격 법을 이용하여 원시생식세포에 전이시켜 약 2달간 배양한 후 2.5일령의 수용체에 주입하여 부화시킨 다음 생식기, 간. 심장등으로부터 DNA을 추출한 다음 PCR을 수행한 결과 생식기에서는 모두 관찰이 가능하였고, 한 개체에서는 간과 심장에서도 발현이 되었다. 결론적으로 원시생식세포를 체외에서 성공적으로 장기간 배양이 가능하였으며, 유전자 전이에 의한 주입결과 수용체 생식기로 이동함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 원시생식기세포의 장기 배양이 가능함으로써 체외에서의 유전적 조작이 가능하고 EG cell로서의 개발도 가능하여 형질전환 닭 생산에 많은 기여를 할 수 있을것으로 사료된다. Gonadal primordial germ cells (gPGCs) were isolated from the gonad of 6days old embryo and cultured in the presence of IGF-I, LIF IL-II SCF, and germ cells (gPGCs) were isolated from the gonad of 6 bFGF for 3 months without passage. The gPGCs started to form colonies composing about 10 gPGCs after 7 days of culture. The morpholegical and histochemical characteristics of gPGC cultured for 3 months remained same compared to those of gPGCs cultured for 6 days. The long-term cultured gPGCs expressed the murine ES cell specific epitopes, SSEA-1 PGC-specific antibody. The gPGC population showed capacity of proliferation during culture period. The gPGCs cultured for 3 weeks after tansfection were injected to the recipient embryos and the embryos were incubated for an additional 3.5 days or to hatching at 37 .The exogenous gene was detected in forty out of fifty recipient embryos gonads. PCR analysis of DNA from the hatched chicks showed that exogenous DNA was detected in the gonads and not in the liver or heart. These results indicated that the long-term cultured gPGCs can contribute to gonadal formation after transfer to embryo and be used as useful vector for the genetic manipulation to produce transgenic chicken.

Prognostic Factors for Recurrence and Progression in Korean Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients: A Retrospective, Multi-Institutional Study

Kim, Hyung Suk,Ku, Ja Hyeon,Kim, Se Joong,Hong, Sung Joon,Hong, Sung Hoo,Kim, Hong Sup,Kwon, Tae Gyun,Cho, Jin Seon,Jeon, Seong Soo,Joo, Kwan Joong,Ahn, Han Jong,Park, Hong Seok,Seong, Do Hwan,Kwon, D Yonsei University College of Medicine 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.4

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>To identify the prognostic factors related to tumor recurrence and progression in Korean patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>Data were collected and analyzed for 2412 NMIBC patients from 15 centers who were initially diagnosed after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) from January 2006 to December 2010. Using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, the prognostic value of each variable was evaluated for the time to first recurrence and progression.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>With a median follow-up duration of 37 months, 866 patients (35.9%) experienced recurrence, and 137 (5.7%) experienced progression. Patients with recurrence had a median time to the first recurrence of 10 months. Multivariable analysis conducted in all patients revealed that preoperative positive urine cytology (PUC) was independently associated with worse recurrence-free survival [RFS; hazard ratio (HR) 1.56; <I>p</I><0.001], and progression-free survival (PFS; HR 1.56; <I>p</I>=0.037). In particular, on multivariable analysis conducted for the high-risk group (T1 tumor/high-grade Ta tumor/carcinoma <I>in situ</I>), preoperative PUC was an independent predictor of worse RFS (HR 1.73; <I>p</I><0.001) and PFS (HR 1.96; <I>p</I>=0.006). On multivariable analysis in patients with T1 high-grade (T1HG) cancer (n=684), better RFS (HR 0.75; <I>p</I>=0.033) and PFS (HR 0.33; <I>p</I><0.001) were observed in association with the administration of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induction therapy.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>A preoperative PUC result may adversely affect RFS and PFS, particularly in high-risk NMIBC patients. Of particular note, intravesical BCG induction therapy should be administered as an adjunct to TURBT in order to improve RFS and PFS in patients with T1HG cancer.</P>

호중구 감소성 발열을 보인 고형암 환자의 임상양상 및 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험인자

구남수,김준형,최유경,정세진,오형중,윤기태,김연아,신소연,김명수,김영근,박윤선,최준용,송영구,이경원,김준명 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

목적 : 항암요법을 시행받고 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암환자에서 임상양상을 분석하고 그람양성균균혈증의 위험인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 연세대학교 의과대학 세브란스 병원 종양내과에서 고형암으로 진단받고 항암요법을 시행받은 18세 이상의 암환자에서 호중구 감소성 발열이 있었던 288예를 대상으로 하였다. 결과 : 항암요법을 시행받은 고형암 환자 중 288예에서 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생하였다. 이중 원인을 찾을 수 있었던 경우는 130예로 전체 45.1% 이었으며 미생물학적 확인감염(microbiologically documented infection, MDI)은 53예(18.4%) 이었다. 균혈증이 동반된 호중구 감소성 발열의 원인균 분포를 보면 총 53예에서 그람양성균이 27예 분리되어 50.9%를 차지하였고 그람음성균이 25예(47.2%), 진균 1예(1.9%) 순이었다. 그람양성균 중에서 methicillin 내성 포도상구균의 비율은 35% 이었다. 호중구 감소성 발열 환자에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 독립적인 위험인자를 분석한 결과 중심정맥 카테터와 연관된 감염이 있는 경우, 구내 점막염이 발생한 경우, 그리고 피부 및 연조직 감염이 발생한 경우에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험이 높았다. 결론 : 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암 환자에서그람양성균 균혈증이 가장 높은 빈도를 보였으며 특히 중심정맥 카테터와 연관된 감염이 있는 경우, 구내 점막염이 발생한 경우, 그리고 피부 및 연조직 감염이 발생한 경우에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험이 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암 환자에서 발열 당시에 위와 같은 위험인자가 있을 경우 glycopeptide의 조기 사용을 고려해야 할 것으로 사료되며 앞으로 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 하는 전향적 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. Backgrounds : Recently, there has been a rise of prevalence of gram positive infection among cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. The proportion of antibiotic-resistant gram positive infection has been growing lately, especially in Korea, where the rate of MRSA infection was over 70%. It brings to careful consideration of early glycopeptide treatment in febrile neutropenic patients if gram positive infection is suspected. Also until now, most studies concerning febrile neutropenic patients were mainly related to hematologic malignancy rather than solid tumor. Materials and Methods : We evaluated clinical manifestations and risk factors for gram positive bacteremia in a cohort of 288 solid tumor patients who were more than 18 years old and had neutropenic fever after chemotherapy from January 2002 to December 2004 at the Department of Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul. Results : We identified the cause of fever in 130 (45.1%) cases, of which 53 (18.4%) cases were blood stream infection. Gram positive organism was isolated in 27 cases which comprises 50.9% of blood stream infections, followed by gram negative organism (47.2%) and fungus (1.9%). A logistic regression analysis revealed that gram positive bacteremia was associated independently with central venous catheter (CVC) infection, oropharyngeal mucositis, skin and soft tissue infection in febrile neutropenic patients with solid tumor. Conclusions : Gram positive bacteremia was common among febrile neutropenic patients in solid tumor and was associated with CVC infection, oropharyngeal mucositis, skin and soft tissue infection. The early use of glycopeptide must be taken into account in such conditions.

Clinical Significance of Radical Surgery in the Treatment of Silent Corticotroph Adenoma

Kim, Junhyung,Yoon, Seon Jin,Moon, Ju Hyung,Ku, Cheol Ryong,Kim, Se Hoon,Lee, Eun Jig,Kim, Sun Ho,Kim, Eui Hyun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2019 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.62 No.1

Objective : Silent corticotroph adenomas (SCA) are endocrine-inactive pituitary adenomas with positive immunohistochemistry staining for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). We investigated whether SCA-associated clinical profiles were more aggressive than hormonally negative adenomas (HNA). Methods : Among 627 patients with pathologically proven endocrine-inactive pituitary adenomas between 2004 and 2013, positive immunohistochemistry revealed 55 SCAs and 411 HNAs. Surgical outcomes and radiological and endocrinological characteristics were compared. Results : Strong female predominance was observed in the SCA group (p<0.001). Cavernous sinus invasion was identified in 22 (40%) SCA patients and 72 (17.6%) HNA patients (p<0.001). There were no differences in ACTH or cortisol levels between the two groups. The incidence of preoperative hypopituitarism and postoperative hormonal outcome did not differ between two groups. Total resection was achieved in 35 patients (63.7%) with SCA and 332 patients (80.8%) with HNA (p=0.007). When tumors were completely removed, recurrence rates were not statistically different between two groups (p=0.60). When complete resection was not achieved, tumors regrew from these remnants in seven patients (35.0%) with SCA and 12 patients (15.2%) with HNA (p=0.05). Conclusion : Total surgical resection for SCA is often challenging as these tumors frequently invade a cavernous sinus. Early remnant tumor intervention is justified, because untreated residual pituitary tumors regrow when patients were followed up for a long time. Prophylactic radiotherapy is not warranted for completely resected SCAs as tumor recurrence is uncommon.