패혈증의 진단과 치료

구남수 대한내과학회 2022 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2022 No.1

Clostridium tertium Bacteremia in a Non-neutropenic Patient with Small Bowel Obstruction

구남수,정혜선,이재길,김선빈,한상훈,최준용,이경원,김준명 대한감염학회 2011 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.43 No.4

Clostridium tertium-induced bacteremia is a rare condition seen predominantly in neutropenic patients and/or patients with gastrointestinal disease. In this report, we describe a non-neutropenic, 72-year-old patient with a small bowel obstruction who presented with C. tertium bacteremia. Clostridium tertium is aerotolerant and resistant to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. The aerotolerant nature of C. tertium is resulted in delayed identification and reporting since it is not initially considered a candidate for infection.

호중구 감소성 발열을 보인 고형암 환자의 임상양상 및 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험인자

구남수,김준형,최유경,정세진,오형중,윤기태,김연아,신소연,김명수,김영근,박윤선,최준용,송영구,이경원,김준명 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

목적 : 항암요법을 시행받고 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암환자에서 임상양상을 분석하고 그람양성균균혈증의 위험인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 연세대학교 의과대학 세브란스 병원 종양내과에서 고형암으로 진단받고 항암요법을 시행받은 18세 이상의 암환자에서 호중구 감소성 발열이 있었던 288예를 대상으로 하였다. 결과 : 항암요법을 시행받은 고형암 환자 중 288예에서 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생하였다. 이중 원인을 찾을 수 있었던 경우는 130예로 전체 45.1% 이었으며 미생물학적 확인감염(microbiologically documented infection, MDI)은 53예(18.4%) 이었다. 균혈증이 동반된 호중구 감소성 발열의 원인균 분포를 보면 총 53예에서 그람양성균이 27예 분리되어 50.9%를 차지하였고 그람음성균이 25예(47.2%), 진균 1예(1.9%) 순이었다. 그람양성균 중에서 methicillin 내성 포도상구균의 비율은 35% 이었다. 호중구 감소성 발열 환자에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 독립적인 위험인자를 분석한 결과 중심정맥 카테터와 연관된 감염이 있는 경우, 구내 점막염이 발생한 경우, 그리고 피부 및 연조직 감염이 발생한 경우에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험이 높았다. 결론 : 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암 환자에서그람양성균 균혈증이 가장 높은 빈도를 보였으며 특히 중심정맥 카테터와 연관된 감염이 있는 경우, 구내 점막염이 발생한 경우, 그리고 피부 및 연조직 감염이 발생한 경우에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험이 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암 환자에서 발열 당시에 위와 같은 위험인자가 있을 경우 glycopeptide의 조기 사용을 고려해야 할 것으로 사료되며 앞으로 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 하는 전향적 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. Backgrounds : Recently, there has been a rise of prevalence of gram positive infection among cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. The proportion of antibiotic-resistant gram positive infection has been growing lately, especially in Korea, where the rate of MRSA infection was over 70%. It brings to careful consideration of early glycopeptide treatment in febrile neutropenic patients if gram positive infection is suspected. Also until now, most studies concerning febrile neutropenic patients were mainly related to hematologic malignancy rather than solid tumor. Materials and Methods : We evaluated clinical manifestations and risk factors for gram positive bacteremia in a cohort of 288 solid tumor patients who were more than 18 years old and had neutropenic fever after chemotherapy from January 2002 to December 2004 at the Department of Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul. Results : We identified the cause of fever in 130 (45.1%) cases, of which 53 (18.4%) cases were blood stream infection. Gram positive organism was isolated in 27 cases which comprises 50.9% of blood stream infections, followed by gram negative organism (47.2%) and fungus (1.9%). A logistic regression analysis revealed that gram positive bacteremia was associated independently with central venous catheter (CVC) infection, oropharyngeal mucositis, skin and soft tissue infection in febrile neutropenic patients with solid tumor. Conclusions : Gram positive bacteremia was common among febrile neutropenic patients in solid tumor and was associated with CVC infection, oropharyngeal mucositis, skin and soft tissue infection. The early use of glycopeptide must be taken into account in such conditions.

호중구 감소성 발열을 보인 고형암 환자의 임상양상 및 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험인자

구남수,김준형,최유경,정세진,오형중,윤기태,김연아,신소연,김명수,김영근,박윤선,최준용,송영구,이경원,김준명 대한감염학회 2006 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.38 No.5

목 적 : 항암요법을 시행받고 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암환자에서 임상양상을 분석하고 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 연세대학교 의과대학 세브란스 병원 종양내과에서 고형암으로 진단받고 항암요법을 시행받은 18세 이상의 암환자에서 호중구 감소성 발열이 있었던 288예를 대상으로 하였다. 결 과 :항암요법을 시행받은 고형암 환자 중 288예에서 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생하였다. 이중 원인을 찾을 수 있었던 경우는 130예로 전체 45.1% 이었으며 미생물학적 확인감염(microbiologically documented infection, MDI)은 53예(18.4%) 이었다. 균혈증이 동반된 호중구 감소성 발열의 원인균 분포를 보면 총 53예에서 그람양성균이 27예 분리되어 50.9%를 차지하였고 그람음성균이 25예(47.2 %), 진균 1예(1.9%) 순이었다. 그람양성균 중에서 methicillin 내성 포도상구균의 비율은 35% 이었다. 호중구 감소성 발열 환자에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 독립적인 위험인자를 분석한 결과 중심정맥 카테터와 연관된 감염이 있는 경우, 구내 점막염이 발생한 경우, 그리고 피부 및 연조직 감염이 발생한 경우에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험이 높았다. 결 론 : 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암 환자에서 그람양성균 균혈증이 가장 높은 빈도를 보였으며 특히 중심정맥 카테터와 연관된 감염이 있는 경우, 구내 점막염이 발생한 경우, 그리고 피부 및 연조직 감염이 발생한 경우에서 그람양성균 균혈증의 위험이 높음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 호중구 감소성 발열이 발생한 고형암 환자에서 발열 당시에 위와 같은 위험인자가 있을 경우 glycopeptide의 조기 사용을 고려해야 할 것으로 사료되며 앞으로 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 하는 전향적 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. Backgrounds : Recently, there has been a rise of prevalence of gram positive infection among cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. The proportion of antibiotic-resistant gram positive infection has been growing lately, especially in Korea, where the rate of MRSA infection was over 70%. It brings to careful consideration of early glycopeptide treatment in febrile neutropenic patients if gram positive infection is suspected. Also until now, most studies concerning febrile neutropenic patients were mainly related to hematologic malignancy rather than solid tumor. Materials and Methods : We evaluated clinical manifestations and risk factors for gram positive bacteremia in a cohort of 288 solid tumor patients who were more than 18 years old and had neutropenic fever after chemotherapy from January 2002 to December 2004 at the Department of Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul. Results : We identified the cause of fever in 130 (45.1%) cases, of which 53 (18.4%) cases were blood stream infection. Gram positive organism was isolated in 27 cases which comprises 50.9% of blood stream infections, followed by gram negative organism (47.2%) and fungus (1.9%). A logistic regression analysis revealed that gram positive bacteremia was associated independently with central venous catheter (CVC) infection, oropharyngeal mucositis, skin and soft tissue infection in febrile neutropenic patients with solid tumor. Conclusions : Gram positive bacteremia was common among febrile neutropenic patients in solid tumor and was associated with CVC infection, oropharyngeal mucositis, skin and soft tissue infection. The early use of glycopeptide must be taken into account in such conditions.

Korean Registry for Improving Sepsis Survival (KISS): Protocol for a Multicenter Cohort of Adult Patients with Sepsis or Septic Shock

김종훈,구남수,Youn Jeong Kim,김홍빈,Hyeri Seok,이동건,Jin Seo Lee,정수진,최정현,Jang Wook Sohn,김민자,박대원 대한감염학회 2020 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.1

Sepsis is one of the significant causes of morbidity and mortality. The burden caused by sepsis has continued to increase in recent years in the Korea, highlighting the urgent need for the implementation of strategies to improve sepsis treatment outcomes. We therefore designed a web-based sepsis registry system (“Korean Registry for Improving Sepsis Survival” [KISS]) protocol to be used in hospitals in the Korea for evaluation of the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of patients with sepsis, via an analysis of outcome predictors. The inclusion criteria of this registry are as follows: adult patients ≥18 years admitted to the participating hospitals who are diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock. Demographic and clinical information data of the patients will be collected from hospital medical records and will be recorded in a case report form, which will be entered into a web-based data management system. The analysis of the collected data will be performed as follows: (1) epidemiological and clinical characteristics of sepsis and septic shock, (2) application of sepsis bundles and antibiotic stewardship, and (3) audit and feedback. In conclusion, we aim to build the comprehensive web-based sepsis registry in the Korea through a nation-wide network of participating hospitals. Information collected and analyzed through the KISS can be used for further improvements in the clinical management of sepsis. Furthermore, the KISS will facilitate research leading to the formulation of public health policies regarding sepsis bundle and antibiotic stewardship strategies in the Korea.

Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with Serratia marcescens Bacteremia

김선빈,구남수,전용득,김정호,김재경,안혜원,최흔,김민형,송제은,안진영,정수진,한상훈,최준용,송영구,김준명 연세대학교의과대학 2015 Yonsei medical journal Vol.56 No.2

Purpose: Over the last 30 years, Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) has emerged as an important pathogen, and a common cause of nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with mortality in patients with S. marcescens bacteremia. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 98 patients who had one or more blood cultures positive for S. marcescens between January 2006 and December 2012 in a tertiary care hospital in Seoul, South Korea. Multiple risk factors were compared with association with 28-day all-cause mortality. Results: The 28-day mortality was 22.4% (22/98 episodes). In a univariate analysis, the onset of bacteremia during the intensive care unit stay (p=0.020), serum albumin level (p=0.011), serum C-reactive protein level (p=0.041), presence of indwelling urinary catheter (p=0.023), and Sequential Oran Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at the onset of bacteremia (p<0.001) were significantlydifferent between patients in the fatal and non-fatal groups. In a multivariateanalysis, lower serum albumin level and an elevated SOFA score were independentlyassociated with 28-day mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.206, 95% confidential interval (CI) 0.044‒0.960, p=0.040, and adjusted OR 1.474, 95% CI 1.200‒1.810, p<0.001, respectively]. Conclusion: Lower serum albumin level and an elevated SOFA score were significantly associated with adverse outcomes in patients with S. marcescens bacteremia.

Risk Factors of Unfavorable Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Brain Abscess and Subdural Empyema

조윤숙,구남수 대한내과학회 2019 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2019 No.1

카테터 집락화가 없는 지속성 캔디다혈증의 위험인자와 예후

채윤태,정수진,구남수,백지현,김혜원,김선빈,윤지현,진성준,한상훈,송영구,김준명,최준용 대한감염학회 2011 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.43 No.4

Background: Candidemia is one of the most common causes of nosocomial bloodstream infection, and increases the morbidity and mortality rate of seriously ill patients. We evaluated the risk factors and outcomes associated with persistent candidemia without catheter colonization (non-catheter related candidemia) and compared them with those of non-persistent candidemia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed to identify risk factors for, and outcomes of, persistent candidemia. All adults who experienced candidemia in a university-affiliated hospital in Korea between January 2005 and December 2009 were included. Patients with catheter colonization were excluded. Persistent candidemia was defined as the occurrence of candidemia in a patient receiving at least 3 days of systemic antifungal agents prior to the second positive blood culture. Results: Of 605 adult patients with candidemia, 104 (17.2%) patients had persistent candidemia and 23 (3.8%) patients were free of catheter colonization. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between patients with persistent and non-persistent candidemia. In univariate analysis, less use of metronidazole, glycopeptide, fluoroquinolone, and aminoglycoside, and presence of Candida parapsilosis were significantly associated with persistent candidemia. In multivariate analysis, less use of metronidazole was an independent factor associated with persistent candidemia. The candidemia related mortality was insignificantly (P =0.094) higher in persistent candidemia than non-persistent candidemia. Conclusions: Persistent candidemia can occur without catheterization. Patterns of antibiotic use could be associated with the occurrence of persistent candidemia,and prognosis of persistent candidemia seems to be worse than non-persistent candidemia. Further studies for persistent candidemia should be performed.

다발성 척추를 침범한 브루셀라 척추염 1예

전한호,김준형,구남수,김영근,신소연,긴연아,김명수,박윤선,송영구,최준용,김준명 대한감염학회 2007 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.39 No.2

Brucellosis, a zoonosis with world wide distribution, is a systemic infection that affects several organs and has protean presentation. Although spondylitis is universally the most common complication of brucellosis and difficult to treat, there is no consensus on the preferred combination of antibiotics use. The authors report a case of a 58-year-old male patient with brucellar spondylitis involving several vertebrae. Diagnosis was made by positive blood culture and magnetic resonance imaging. The authors use a combination method of doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and streptomycin for a period of 3 months. The systemic symptoms were improved after treatment. 저자들은 C-형간염 환자의 발열에 대한 검사 진행에서 혈액 배양검사와 자기공명영상 검사를 통하여 다발성 척추에 발생한 브루셀라 척추염을 진단하였고 ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, streptomycin 3제요법으로 합병증 및 재발 없이 치료하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

카테터 집락화가 없는 지속성 캔디다혈증의 위험인자와 예후

채윤태,정수진,구남수,백지현,김혜원,김선빈,윤지현,진성준,한상훈,송영구,김준명,최준용 대한감염학회 2012 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.44 No.1

Background: Candidemia is one of the most common causes of nosocomial bloodstream infection, and increases the morbidity and mortality rate of seriously ill patients. We evaluated the risk factors and outcomes associated with persistent candidemia without catheter colonization (non-catheter related candidemia) and compared them with those of non-persistent candidemia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed to identify risk factors for, and outcomes of, persistent candidemia. All adults who experienced candidemia in a university-affiliated hospital in Korea between January 2005 and December 2009 were included. Patients with catheter colonization were excluded. Persistent candidemia was defined as the occurrence of candidemia in a patient receiving at least 3 days of systemic antifungal agents prior to the second positive blood culture. Results: Of 605 adult patients with candidemia, 104 (17.2%) patients had persistent candidemia and 23 (3.8%) patients were free of catheter colonization. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between patients with persistent and non-persistent candidemia. In univariate analysis, less use of metronidazole, glycopeptide, fluoroquinolone, and aminoglycoside, and presence of Candida parapsilosis were significantly associated with persistent candidemia. In multivariate analysis, less use of metronidazole was an independent factor associated with persistent candidemia. The candidemia related mortality was insignificantly (P =0.094) higher in persistent candidemia than non-persistent candidemia. Conclusions: Persistent candidemia can occur without catheterization. Patterns of antibiotic use could be associated with the occurrence of persistent candidemia, and prognosis of persistent candidemia seems to be worse than non-persistent candidemia. Further studies for persistent candidemia should be performed.