프로토콜 분석을 통한 창의적 디자인 전략으로서의 은유와 유추

최한희(Choi, Han_Hee),주서령(Ju, Seo Ryeung),김미정(Kim, Mi Jeong) 한국실내디자인학회 2013 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.22 No.1

The aim of this research is to explore the potential of analogy and metaphor as design strategies for supporting the creative design thinking. For the empirical research on analogical and metaphoric process in designing, we conducted design experiments that consist of three different conditions of given items as stimulation for design inspiration: baseline, surrealist paintings, and housing design collections. The results were analyzed using a protocol analysis in order to obtain more systmatic interpretation of the design processes and strategies. As a result, it was noted that students are more apt to read visual information rather than semantic information in the given items. Instead of the representation of their senses or feelings from the paintings, they visualized the analogical images of the paintings for the design representation. However, analogical and metaphoric thinking derived from the given items seem change a designer’s perspective, thus bring a novel interpretation on design problems, and eventually more creative and meaningful design ideas. An extended research using one-semester training and observation of the design studio process is introduced as a follow-up study for this paper. This research will investigate the long-term effect of the analogy and metaphor on the design thinking.

서울 시내 커피전문점에서 판매되는 커피의 이화학적 특성 및 항산화성 비교

서한석,김수희,황인경 한국조리과학회 2003 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.19 No.5

The physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of commonly consumed espresso and regular coffees, at coffee shops in downtown Seoul, were investigated. Moreover, the characteristics between chain type coffee shop and owner shops were compared using t-tests. The serving temperature and volume of espresso were lower than those for regular coffees. Whereas, the pH and total acidity of espresso were higher than those for regular coffees. Coffees from chain shops, in particular, had a significantly higher pH and lower total acidity than those from owner shops. The L, a and b values of the regular coffees were higher than those of the espresso coffees. With the exception of the a value of regular coffees, all the color values of the coffees from owner shops were higher than those from the chain shops. The intensity of the brownness, soluble solid contents and total phenolic contents of the espresso coffees were about 7-8, 8-9 and 4 times higher, respectively, than those of regular coffees. In addition, the free radical scavenging capacities and antioxidant activities of the espresso coffees, using a chemiluminescence assay, were higher than those of regular coffees. Espresso coffees from chain shops, especially, had higher activities of free radical scavenging than those from owner shops. In conclusion, the characterics of coffees from chain shops were significantly different from those from owner coffee shops.

소비자의 술집 평가기준 척도개발에 관한 연구

서정희,복미정,강한나 울산대학교 2005 생활과학논문집 Vol.6 No.2

이 논문은 울산광역시의 울산대학교 학생 200명을 대상으로 하여 소비자의 술집평가기준에 관한 척도를 개발하였다. 대학생 소비자가 술집을 선택할 때 중요하게 고려해야 할 평가기준으로 25개 문항을 선정하였다. 25개 문항을 요인분석 한 결과 8개의 요인이 추출되었다. 각 요인에 속하는 문항들의 기여도를 알아보기 위하여 요인에 포함된 모든 문항을 더한 점수를 종속변수로 하고 각 문항의 점수를 독립변수로 하여 단계별 회기분석을 함으로써 설명력의 증가분을 검토하였다. 마지막으로 척도의 신뢰도를 알아보기 위하여 25개 문항의 상관관계를 검토하였고, 요인별 신뢰도계수를 구하였다. 이러한 과정을 거친 결과 이 논문에서 개발한 척도는 신뢰도가 높다는 사실을 경험적으로 입증되었다. This research developed a scale to measure consumers' evaluative criteria about a drinking house. The data was collected from 200 college students in Ulsan. 25 items were selected as the criteria for the choice of drinking house. The factor analysis was used to identify the 8 sub-dimensions of consumers' evaluative criteria about the favorite drinking house. The stepwise multiple regression was used to predict the explanatory power of each items included in each factors. The Pearson's product moment correlation of inter item and reliability coefficient was calculated. This measure was found to be reliable throughout above mentioned several analyses.

커피설기의 재료 배합비에 따른 품질 특성 및 상품화 방안

서한석,김세희,한복려,황인경 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the instrumental and sensory characteristics of coffee-sulgi(rice cake) with different ratios of the ingredients; coffee(30㎖, 40㎖ and 50㎖ of espresso and instant coffee) and sugar(50g and 75g). A commercial scheme for coffee-sulgi was also investigated. The optimal mixing ratios of coffee-sulgi with added espresso were rice flour 500g, salt 5g, espresso 40㎖ and sugar 75g. Those of coffee-sulgi with added instant coffee were the same. As the sensory intensities of coffee aroma, coffee taste, sweetness, moistness, elasticity, color acceptance for coffee-sulgi and overall acceptance for quality were enhanced, the overall preference for coffee-sulgi was increased. In addition, overall preference was positively correlated with adhesiveness and a-value of instrumental characteristics, but negatively correlated with cohesiveness and L-value. In coffee-sulgi with added espresso, intensities of coffee aroma, browniness, coffee taste, color acceptance for coffee-sulgi, overall acceptance for quality and overall preference were higher than those of coffee-sulgi with added instant coffee. In this point, gourmet coffee-sulgi with added espresso and universal coffee-sulgi with added instant coffee could be differentiated in the coffee-sulgi markets. In conclusion, this study of coffee-sulgi and the differential scheme for the market will be useful to expand rice processing, enhance the intake of rice cakes and provide a reference for commercialization of rice cakes.

미혼여성의 화장품구매행동을 통해 본 소비양면성에 관한 탐색적 연구

서정희,강한나 울산대학교 2006 생활과학논문집 Vol.7 No.2

미혼여성이 명품화장품 및 저가화장품을 구입하는 소비행위와 상징적인 의미를 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 울산광역시에 거주하는 20대 미혼여성 10명을 대상으로 질적연구의 한 방법인 심층면접을 실시하였다. 명품화장품의 상징적의미는 '사회적 차별성 추구', '소모품이 아닌 소장품으로서의 가치'로 나타났다. 저가 화장품에 대한 가치와 태도는 '저가가 아닌 정가화장품으로의 인식', '기초에서 색조까지 one-stop shopping 구현'으로 명명하고, 각각의 한계점을 지적하였다. 조사대상자들은 월평균 용돈과 화장품관련 지출금액과 비례해 화장품을 구해마는 것이 나리라 각 품목과 일부 제품군에 따라 양면적으로 소비하고 있었다. 이는 화장품 소비에 대한 상반적인 욕구가 동시에 존재하는 소비의 양면성을 보여준다. The purpose of this was to understand the unmarried women's ambivalence related with cosmetics consumption behavior. This study has conducted in-depth interview to understand the unmarried women's motives and psychological experiences related to luxury and low-price cosmetics. The consumption symbols of the luxuryㆍcosmetics were 'seeking of social distinctions' and 'value of collections. The attitudes about low-price cosmetics were 'regular price perception' and 'one-stop shopping from skin-care to color make-up'. The informants showed ambivalence related with cosmetics consumption. The stuffs were consisted of the luxury and low-price cosmetics.

만성 승모판 패쇄부전증 환자에서의 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기 투여 효과

김대희,이명묵,이해영,조현재,박승정,서재빈,서정원,양한모,윤창환,조상호,이준희,김용진,김명아,손대원,오병희,박영배 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

장애 유아의 통합교육에 대한 유치원장의 태도

안함순,서경희 인제대학교 아동ㆍ가족복지연구소 1998 아동ㆍ가족복지연구 Vol.2 No.-

The thesis aims at a study of kindergarten prinspals' overall attitude and their individual difference between their attitudes toward the integrated kindergarten education for the handicapped children. The subjects in this study were of 163 kindergarten principals, 87 in metropoles and 76 in small-to medium-sized cities, respectively, across the country. The author employed questionnaire, both of the free-response style and measurement scale, composed of 32 items developed by Green & Stoenam(1989), and conducted the univariate analysis of the data collected. Some findings from the study are as follows: 1) The attitude on the part of the principals, in general, was found to be negative. 2) There was no significant difference between the attitude toward the the integrated education in kindergarten and background factors like religion, age, and occupational history. 3) Those principals who ahd been retrained or reeducated, or who had had some practical experience of running an integrated class in kindergarten, were found to be much more positive in their attitude toward the integrated education, compared to those who had never. 4) It was also revealed that seven types of most concerned about on the part of the principals in conducting the integrated calsss in the kindergarten, if placed in the order of educational burdon on themselves, were the mentally handicapped child, the blind, the autictic, the physically handicapped, the deaf and blind, the child on wheelehair, and lastly the child on the crutches. 5) What the principals put in mind as prior conditions, if arranged in the order of essential importance, were the supplement of facilities, the retraining and reeducation of the nurses and teachers in the kindergarten. 6) The principals, in general, agreed that they should recognize the importance of managing the handicapped children's calss as has often been recommended by the Ministry of Education.

돈지, 들깨유 및 달맞이꽃 종자유의 혼합급이가 흰쥐의 간장, 뇌 및 고환의 지질 성분에 미치는 영향

김성희,김한수,서인숙,정효숙,정승용 慶尙大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.31 No.2

돈지 및 들깨유와 달맞이꽃 종자유등 2종 식물 종자유와의 혼합급이가 흰쥐의 체내 조직의 지질 성분에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 S·D계 숫쥐에게 돈지 2.55및 들깨유와 달맞이꽃 종자유의 혼합비율을 달리하여 4주간 급이 사육한 후 간장,뇌 및 고환의 지질 성분을 분석 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 간장의 총콜레스테롤 함량은 D군이 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 낮았으며, 인지질 함량은 각 군간의 유의적인 차이가 없었고, 중성지질 함량은 B및 C군이 대조군에 비해 현저하게 낮았다. 콜레스테롤 급이군의 간장 총콜레스테롤 함량은 대조군에 비해 c,d및 e군이 유의적으로 낮았고, 인지질 및 중성지질의 함량은 b군이 낮게 나타났다. 뇌의 총콜레스테롤 함량은 대조군에 비해 B및 C군이 유의적으로 낮았으며, 인지질 및 중성지질의 함량은 대조군에 비해 전 군이 유의적으로 낮데 나타났다. 콜레스테롤 급이군에 있어 뇌의 총콜레스테롤 함량은 각 군간의 유의적인 차이가 없었고, 인지질 함량은 c군이 중성지질 함량은 e군이 대조군에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 고환의 총콜레스테롤 및 인지질 함량은 각 군간의 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 중성지질 함량은 대조군에 비해 전 군이 유의적으로 낮았다. 콜레스테롤 급이군은 콜레스테롤 무급이군과 거의 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. In order to observe the effects of the feeds mixed with the lard and two vegetable seed oils, which mixed with 2.5% lard and various level of perilla oil and evening primrose oil were administered to the male rats of Sprague Dawley for 4 weeks on lipid components of liver, brain and testes. In livers , total cholesterol contents were remarkably lower in the D group(2.5% lard+2.5% perilla oil+5.0% evening primrose oil,free cholesterol) than in the control group , and phospholipid contents were not significant difference in each groups. Triglyceride contents were remarkably lower in the B(2.5% lard+7.5% perilla oil+5.0% ,free cholesterol) and C(2.5% lard+5.0% perilla oil+2.5% evening primrose oil,free cholesterol) group than in the control group. In the supplemented cholesterol groups, total cholesterol contents were significantly lower in c(C group+cholesterol diet), d(D group+cholesterol diet) and e(2.5% lard+7.5% evening primrose oil,free cholesterol) group, phhspholipid and triglyceride contents were lower in the b group(B group+cholesterol diet) than in the control groups than in the control group, phospholipid and triglyceride contents in brain were considerably lower in the other groups than in the control group. In the supplemented cholesterol groups, total cholesterol contents were not significant difference in each groups. Phospholipid and triglyceride contents were conspicuously lower in the c and e groups. respectively. In testes, total cholesterol and phospholipid contents were not significant difference in the groups, but triglyceride contents were lower in the all groups except for control group The contents of total cholesterlo, phospholipid and triglyceride were similar between the supplimented cholesterol groups and the nonsupplemented cholesterol groups.

광양만의 저질 중금속 농도 분포 특성

김도희,유한홍,정종성,조현서,신현출 木浦海洋大學校 2002 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The main goals of the study were to investigate the sediment quality and trace metal distribution in sediment of Kwangyang Bay, south coastal of Korea. Surface sediment sampling were performed in November, 2000 and February and March, 2001. The concentration of H₂S, IL and COD in sediment were measured by a manual of the Department of Marine Environment of Korea. The extracted trace metals Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn in sediments mean analyzed by the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer with an instrument of model Shimadzu AA-6701F. H₂S, IL and COD in the surface sediment were 1.3 mg/g, 5.9 % and 15.0 mg/g, respectively. The mean content of Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn were 1523 mg/kg, 4.799 mg/kg, 1.321 mg/kg 9.285 mg/kg and 9.353 mg/kg, respectively. All of these measured trace metals level were over the other reported trace metal level in sediment of coastal area. According to histograms, the content of H₂S, IL and COD and trace metals in sediment of this study were affected by artificial activities rather than natural process.

구강 편평세포암종의 Matrix Metalloproteinase(MMP)-1, 2, 3, 9와 Tissue Inhibitors of MMP(TIMP)-1, 2의 발현 양상의 비교 및 상호 연관성

노영서,한지용,김용환,윤혜경,김우형,이희철 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.4

Objective : nvasiveness of squamous cell carcinoma in oral cavity is associated with poor prognosis, and MMPs have an important role in degradation of extracellular matrix and bawement membrane of vessil walls. Increased expressions of MMPs is related to infiltrative growth and lymph node metastases in human cancers. In normal tissue, there is balanced secretions of MMPs and TIMPs, but impaired balance of MMPs and TIMPs was noted in cancer tissue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression rates of MMP-1, 2, 3 and TIMP 1 and 2 in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, and relationship between MMPs and TIMPs expression and histologic grade and invasion pattern. Methods and Material : Pathologic review of fifty cases of squamous cell carcinoma during a period of Mar. 1994 to Feb. 2000 based on histologic grade and invasion pattim and immunohistochemical stains for MMP-1, 2, 3 and 9 and TIMP-1, 2 were done. Statistical analysis between MMPs and TIMP s expression rate and pathologic parameters and relationship between MMPs and TIMPs were performed. Results : Expression rates of MMP-1, 2, 3 and 9were 32.0%, 38.0%, 22.0% and 20.0%, respectively. MMP-2 expression rate was higher in well differentiated carcinomas and in cases with less-infiltrative pattern. Other MMPs show slightly higher expression rate in well differentiated carcinomas, but there were no statistical significances. There were no significant differences of MMP-1, 2, 3 and 9 expression rates according to invasion pattern. Expression rates of TIMP-1 and TIM-2 were 22.2% and 48.0%, respectively, and there were no significant differences according to histologic grade and invasion pattern. Significant correlations of MMP-1, 2, 3 and 9 expressions except between MMP-2 and MMP-3 were noted, but there were no significant correlations between MMPs and TIMPs expression. Conclusion : Conclusions: In well differentiated and less infiltrative squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity, expression rates of MMPs, especially MMP-2, were high. And there were positive correlation between MMPs, but no correlation between MMPs and TIMPs. These findings suggest that MMPs may have a role in tumor developent of a subset of squamous cell carcinoma with less aggressive behavior and MMPs may involve in early stage of tumor progression.