Underlying representation in geminates: from OT perspective

Sung-Hoon Hong,Chang-Kook Suh 한국음운론학회 2004 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.10 No.1

Hong, Sung-Hoon, and Chang-Kook Suh. 2004. Underlying represen-tation in Geminates: from an OT perspective. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 10.1. 129.144. This research has examined the status of Underlying Representation (UR) in Optimality Theory focusing on the representation of consonant geminates. For this purpose, we have examined geminate/singleton alternation in Ponapean employing Lexicon Optimization (LO), an algorithm proposed to select a UR among multiple inputs. We have seen that simple application of LO is problematic in singling out a UR for the case of alternation. This leads us to the version of LO that is performed on the paradigms, rather than on an individual forms (Tesar and Smolensky 1996, 2000, Inkelas 1995, 1998). After a thorough implementation of LO, we have found that the URs are simply identical to the input forms; geminate UR for the alternating case and singleton UR for the nonalternating case. Further, it was shown that a unique underlying representation of geminates, regardless of their positions in which they occur, can account for the exceptional geminate behaviors. (Hansung University and Cheonan University)

Adamkiewicz 동맥의 폐색에 의한 척수경색 1례

이광훈,이종걸,이태연,신동익,이성현,이상수,한설희,차상훈 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.4

기독교 역사관과 세계관에 관한 시론 : 역사신학적 관점에서

이상훈 국제기독교언어문화연구원 1997 기독교언어문화논집 Vol.1 No.-

Sang Hoon Lee. 1997. A Critical Appraisal on the Christian Perspective for History and Its Worldview. Collected Papers on Christian Language Culture. What is history? Who is the supreme ruler or originator of it? What is the immanent principle in history? Do people live their daily lives with so-called 'historical consciousness'? Why is it necessary to have historical consciousness? What is the relation of general secular history and salvation history (heilsgeschichte)? Answers to these questions can be found in discussing the Christian view for history. In dealing with these questions, the article studies the Christian view for history and focuses on the structure of the Christian world view. It begins with a general definition of 'history', discusses the subject of history and examines various types of history. Views for history of so-called classical'circularity 'Judeo · Christian thought, Progressivism, Historicism and Marxism will be compared and discussed to illuminate the understanding of immanent principle if history of each view. The article draws its conclusion through the discussion of the relation of general secular history and salvation history, in particular by-critically analyzing and evaluating the thought of Pannenberg. The discussion on the Christian world view begins with the examination of hylozoism of Ancient society and covers the people's experience of 'universal concept' in the Middle Ages, the pattern of Modern thinking in the world of autonomous reason, Kierkegaard's 'leap' and modern theology, contemporary theology of Rudolf Bultmann and Paul Tillich. with the historical examination of biblical and Christian world view, the life of Christians who had actually lift·ed with such world view is dealt with from the perspective of historical theology (THE Academy of Korea Studies)

Underspecification in Optimality Theory: Vowel Harmony in Classical Manchu

Sung-Hoon Hong 한국음운론학회 2002 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.8 No.2

Hong, Sung-Hoon. 2002. Underspecification in Optimality Theory: Vowel Harmony in Classical Manchu. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 8.2. 323-350. This paper addresses some important issues raised by A TR harmony in Classical Manchu, formerly treated as front/back harmony. Here, the front high vowel [i] is totally inactive with respect to the harmony: it is transparent to the harmony, and further, it does not initiate the harmony. I will show that these properties of [i] will be properly explained if we allow underspecified [i] as an option for inputs and output candidate forms. Allowing underspecified [i] in fact accords more with basic notions of Optimality Theory (OT) such as Freedom of Analysis and Richness of the Base than the analyses that do not tolerate this possibility. I will further show that once we allow underspecified [i], its selection in output candidate forms or in input forms is totally governed by OT principles such as constraint interaction and Lexicon Optimization, respectively. (Hansung University)

Welfare Effects of Voluntary Import Expansion : Using Cournot Model 쿠르노 모델을 이용하여

Sim, Sung-Hoon 慶州大學校 2005 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

그 동안 수입할당제(import quota)에 대한 대안으로써 자발적 수출제한(voluntary export restraint)이라는 정부의 정책에 관하여 활발하게 연구되어 왔으나, 자발적 수입확대(voluntary import expansion) 정책에 대한 연구는 그리 활발하지 못하였다. 본 연구는 단순한 쿠르노 모델을 이용하여, 자발적 수입확대정책을 채택한 나라의 후생 효과(welfare effect)에 대한 몇 가지 이론적 결론을 도출하였다. 첫째, 자발적 수입확대 정책을 채택한 나라는, 자유무역의 경우에 비하여 가격을 상향하는 전략을 채택함으로써 이익을 극대화 할 수 있음을 보여 준다. 둘째, 자발적 수입확대가 매우 클 경우에는 후생효과가 불확실하다는 결론이 도출되었다. 셋째, 자발적 수입확대와는 다르게 자발적 수출제한은 가격경쟁에 의하여 한 나라를 시장에서 퇴출시키지 못한다는 것을 보여 주었다. 또한 본 연구는 한 나라의 경제 규모가 매주 작은 경우뿐만 아니라, 그 규모가 매우 큰 경우에도 그 나라는 자발적 수입확대를 무시할 수 있다는 점을 이론적으로 보여 준다.

원문 : 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램이 노인들의 활동체력, 대사증후군 위험인자 및 염증인자에 미치는 영향

양상훈 ( Sang Hoon Yang ),김종식 ( Jong Shik Kim ) 한국운동생리학회(구 한국운동과학회) 2014 운동과학 Vol.23 No.3

양상훈, 김종식. 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램이 노인들의 활동체력, 대사증후군 위험인자 및 염증인자에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제23권 제3호, 229-240, 2014. 본 연구는 여성노인 65세 이상 16명을 대상으로 8주간의 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램 참여가 활동체력, 대사증후군 위험인자 및 염증인자에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 활동체력의 경우 악력은 유의한 차이가 없었으나 하지근력과 유연성은 운동 후 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 대사증후군 위험인자의 경우 HDL-C는 운동 후 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, glucose는 유의하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 허리둘레, 수축기 혈압, 이완기 혈압, TG는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 염증인자의 경우 CRP, TNF-α 모두 운동 후 감소하는 것으로 나타났으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 야외운동기구 운동프로그램은 하지근력, 유연성 강화와 HDL-C 증가, glucose 감소의 연구결과를 보았을 때 더 다양한 야외운동기구를 이용한 운동프로그램을 개발하고 지속적으로 운동의 효율을 높여간다면 노화를 지연시킬 뿐만 아니라 각종 질병을 방지하고 건강을 유지시키는 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Yang, Sang-Hoon, Kim, Jong-Shik. The Effects of Exercise Program Outdoor Exercise Equipment on Activity Fitness, Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors and Inflammatory Factors in the Elderly. Exercise Science, 23(3): 229-240. 2014. This study is for observing the influence of exercising in outdoor exercise facilities for 8 weeks on activity fitness, risk factors of insulin resistance syndrome and inflammatory factors in 16 females who are aged 65 years or older. The major results on this analysis are as follows: In parameters for activity fitness, there was no significant difference in grasping power but a significant increase in strength of lower limb muscles and flexibility after exercise. For risk factors of insul in resistance syndrome, there was a significant increase in HDL-C after exercise with a significant decrease in gl ucose. There was no significant difference in waist l ine, systol ic bl ood pressure, diastol ic bl ood pressure and TG. For inflammatory factors, there was a decrease in CRP and TNF-α after exercise with no significance. In conclusion, the results showing positive effects on physical fitness of lower limb muscles and physiological markers including HDL-C and glucose indicates that elderly women exercising in outdoor exercise facilities may have benefits of antiaging effect, prevent various diseases and stay healthy if efficiency of exercise using outdoor exercise facilities is continually improved in a variety of training programs.

Enamel Microabrasion을 시행한 법랑질과 복합레진의 전단결합강도

홍기상,이상훈,이상대 大韓小兒齒科學會 2000 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

Enamel microabrasion은 염산과 연마제를 사용하여 치아의 착색을 제거하는 술식으로서, 그 효과는 법랑질 표층에 국한된다. Enamel microabrasion으로 모든 착색이 치료 가능한 것은 아니므로, 착색이 깊을 경우에는 microabrasion후에도 제거되지 않고 남은 착색부위를 광중합 복합레진을 사용해 수복할 것이 권장된다. 본 연구의 목적은 enamel microabrasion의 방법과 시간이 법랑질에 대한 복합레진의 전단결합걍도에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것이었다. 아무런 처치도 하지 않은 대조군을 1군으로 하였고, 18% 염산과 fine pumice의 혼합물을 hand applicator로 치면에 5초씩 5,10회 적용시킨 것을 각각 2,3군으로 하였다. 10% 염산과 연마제의 혼합물인 기성품 PREMA를 10:1 gear reduction handpiece로 20초씩 5, 10회 적용시킨 것을 각각 4,5군으로 하였다. 여기에 37% 인산으로 부식 후 복합레진을 결합시켜 thermocycling 후 전단결합강도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 2군이 가장 높은 결합강도(24.36±3.34MPa)를 나타내었고, 3군이 가장 낮은 결합강도 (19.35±3.43MPa)를 보였다. 전단결합강도는 2>4>5>1>3군의 순서로 감소하였다. 2. 2군은 1군과 3군보다 통계학적으로 유의성있게 높은 결합강도를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 3. 염산과 pumice로 enamel microabrasion을 시행한 2,3군과 PREMA를 사용한 4,5군 사이에는 유의한 결합강도의 차이가 없었다 (p<0.05) 4. 파절면 검사에서, adhesive failure는 3,4군에서 나타났고, cohesive failure는 1,2,3,4군에서 관찰되었다. 5군에서는 mixed failure만이 관찰되었다. 5. SEM관찰에서, 염산과 pumice로 enamel microabrasion을 시행한 2,3군에서는 인산으로 부식한 것과 비슷한 표면양상이 관찰되었고, PREMA로 처리한 4,5군에서는 1군과 흡사한 매끈한 표면양상이 관찰되었다. 각 군의 시편을 인산으로 부식시킨 다음에는 전형적인 산부식 후의 표면양상이 관찰되었고, 군간 별다른 차이가 없었다. Enamel microabrasion is a means by which superficial enamel discoloration is removed using hydrochloric acid and fine pumice. As enamel microabrasion alone may not by sufficient in cases of deeper discoloration, composite resin restoration is recommended in areas where there is remaining discoloration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different methods and number of applications of enamel microabrasion on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel. Untreated control was designated as groups1,5-second applications of a mixture of 18% HCI and fine pumice were performed 5 and 10 times on groups 2 and 3, respectively. A commercially available mixture of 10% HCI and abrasives (PREMA) was appliedusing a 10:1 gear reduction handpiece 5 and 10 times on groups 4 and 5, respectively, with each application lasting 20 seconds. After etching with 37% phosphoric acid, composite resin was bonded. Thermocycling was performed and shear bond strength was measured. The following results were obtained: 1. Group 2 showed the highest bond strength(24.36±3.34), while group 3 showed the lowest (19.35±3.43). Shear bond strength decreased in the following order: 2>4>5>1>3. 2. Group 2 showed bond strength significantly higher compared to groups 1 and 3(p<0.05). 3. There were no significant differences between groups 2 and 3, which had been microabraded using HCI and pumice, and groups 4 and 5, to which PREMA had been applied, when bond strengths were compared(p>0.05) 4. When modes of fracture were examined, adhesive failure was observed in groups 3 and 4, while cohesive failure was observed in groups 1,2,3 and 4. Only mixed failures were found in group 5. 5. When viewed using a SEM, groups 2 and 3, which had been microabraded using HCI and pumice, showed surface appearances similar to that of enamel etched with phosphoric acid. Groups 4 and 5, treated with PREMA, exhibited a smooth surface similar to that of group 1. All groups showed similar, typical surface characteristics following phosphoric acid etching.

상부소화관출혈에 있어서 내시경적 분말약제산포의 효과

김상균,조주영,송상훈,김진오,이준성,이문성,심찬섭 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Background : Bleeding after endoscopic procedure of the stomach carries an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In case of oozing hemorrhage, not in active hemorrhage, powdered sodium alginate may play a role in control of bleeding with convenience. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical effect and efficacy of sodium alginate powder in upper G-Ⅰ bleeding. Methods : Forty-five patients who had upper G-Ⅰ bleeding after endoscopic procedure were enrolled in this study. Twenty-five patients of them were managed by the application of powder preparation of Sodium alginate(ALTO). The others were observed without treatment. The next day, we performed endoscopy in all patients to ascertain the hemostasis. Results : Of 25 patients managed with Sodium alginate, only two patients(8%) had bleeding (hemostatic rate : 92%), On the other hand, of 20 patients who did not receive any treatment, 3 patient(15%) had bleeding (hemostatic rate : 85%). There was no statistical difference between the two groups(p>0.05). Using other endoscopic procedure, We successfully treated the patient who continued to bleed. Conclusion : We evaluated the effect of the spary of sodium alginate on oozing hemorrhage. Although there was no statistical significance in our study, it seems that the spray of sodium alginate may be a useful method for the prevention of bleeding after endoscopic procedure.

Prediction of Retained Austenite Fraction in Quenching-and-Partitioning (Q&P) Steels Using the Gibbs Energy Balance Approach

Seong Hoon Kim,Ji Hoon Kim,Jae Hoon Lee,Dong‑Woo Suh,Jae Sang Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

Prediction of retained austenite fraction is quite important in designing advanced high strength steels since retained austeniteis the source of transformation-induced plasticity. The present study investigates the phase constitution of a medium-carbonQ&P steel by comparing various approaches to the transformation stasis of bainitic ferrite and applying them to the partitioningprocess. Among them, the modified GEB approach gave the best agreement with the experimental observation, includingthe effects of heat-treatment condition and chemical composition on phase constitution. This indicates phase transformationduring partitioning can be effectively described by the physics of Gibbs energy balance approach.

인공 판막 환자에서 발생한 Listeria monocytogenes 심내막염 1예

신상엽,손준성,김형훈,민태훈,윤종욱,장현하,정숙인,오원섭,김성민,백경란,송재훈 대한감염학회 2002 감염 Vol.34 No.5