Hysteresis Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Column Retrofitted and Repaired with Carbon Fiber Sheet

이문성,이문성,이리형 한국콘크리트학회 2025 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.19 No.3

Structures experience damage and deterioration over their life cycle. The recent increase in interest in sustainable development of cities is re-evaluating the long-term use of structures. Therefore, researches on the retrofitting method for existing structures is receiving high attention again. However, there are very few cases where the direct comparison between the repair and retrofitting effects of structures has been experimentally verified. In this study, retrofitting methods and repair methods with carbon fiber sheets for reinforced concrete columns under shear failure were investigated. 10 reinforced concrete columns were tested under reversed cyclic loading. As a result of the experiment, it was found that, when reinforced with CFS strips, the increase in the width of the strip serves to enhance the strength and ductility of the reinforced member by providing confinement against shear cracks occurring in concrete. It was confirmed that as the number of overlaps of CFS increased, a greater strength-enhancing effect and ductility-enhancing effect appeared. However, the two-way reinforcement of CFS did not show a great effect in improving strength and ductility. As a result of evaluating the repair performance of damaged members using CFS, it was found that the strength and ductility of the repaired specimen exceeded the original strength and ductility of the base material as well as the strength and ductility of the reinforced specimen.

하도급법 위반행위 유형별 지급명령에 관한 연구 - 하도급법 제4조를 중심으로

이문성 서울대학교 법학연구소 2017 경제규제와 법 Vol.10 No.2

하도급법은 기본적으로 수급사업자에 대한 보호를 강화하기 위하여 제정된 법률이고, 하도급법상 지급명령제도 역시수급사업자의 피해를 신속하게 구제하기 위하여 마련된 제도이다. 하지만 행정법상 시정조치는 과거의 법규위반에 대하여 그 위법사실을 시정하도록 함으로써 정상적인 법질서를 회복하는 것을 목적으로 행해지는 구체적 행정작용이고, 지급명령 역시 이러한 원칙 하에서 해석 및 집행되어야 할것이다. 공정위는 하도급법 제4조(부당한 하도급대금의 결정 금지) 제2항 위반에 대하여 대부분의 경우 종전 가격과의 차액을 지급명령으로 부과해 왔다. 하지만 최근 대법원이 하도급법 제4조 제2항 제1호 유형에 대하여, 일률적인 단가인하의 기준이 된 가격을 정당한 하도급 대금이라 단정할수 없고 해당 규정 위반행위의 성질상 원사업자와 수급사업자 사이의 정당한 하도급대금을 일률적으로 상정하기도 어렵다고 판시하여 위와 같은 방식의 지급명령이 부적법하다고 판단하였는바, 하도급법상 지급명령의 허용 범위에 대한보다 신중한 검토가 필요하게 되었다. 하도급 거래는 민사법적 법률관계를 전제로 하는 것이기때문에, 하도급법상 지급명령 역시 원칙적으로 법 위반행위가 없었으면 결정되었을 정당한 가격과의 차액에 대하여 부과되어야 할 것이다. 하도급법 제4조 제2항의 구체적인 위반유형들 중에서, 법 문언상 정당한 가격이 무엇인지가 불분명하고, 법 위반행위가 없었다고 하더라도 종전 가격으로가격이 결정되었을 것이라 단정하기 어려운 유형들에 대해서는 종전 가격과의 차액에 대한 지급명령은 허용되지 않는다고 보아야 한다. 이러한 원칙을 적용하면, 하도급법 제4조 제2항의 경우제2호는 법문상 일정 금액을 할당하여 감액하기 전의 가격을 정당한 가격으로 볼 여지가 있다는 점, 제3호는 차별 취급이 없는 경우를 전제하면 종전의 거래조건이 그대로 유지되었을 가능성이 높다는 점, 제6호는 법문상 직접공사비 항목의 합계 금액을 정당한 가격으로 볼 여지가 있다는 점, 제7호는 법문상 최저가 입찰금액을 정당한 가격으로 볼 여지가 있다는 점을 감안하였을 때, 종전 가격과의 차액에 대한지급을 명하는 위와 같은 방식의 지급명령이 원칙적으로 가능하다고 생각한다. 반면, 하도급법 제4조 제2항에 속한 나머지 유형들의 경우 법 문언상 정당한 가격이 무엇인지가불분명하고, 법 위반행위가 없었다고 하더라도 종전 가격이그대로 유지되었을 것이라 단정하기 어렵다는 점에서, 종전가격과의 차액에 대한 지급명령은 원칙적으로 가능하지 않다고 생각한다. 한편 이러한 경우에 공정위가 정당한 가격을 임의로 산정하여 지급명령을 부과할 수 있다는 견해가 있을 수 있으나, 현행법 해석상 이는 적절치 않은 것으로 보인다. 공정위가공정거래법을 해석 및 집행함에 있어 정당한 가격을 임의로판단한 사례가 거의 없고, 공정거래법상 부당지원행위의 경우 ‘정상가격’의 산정기준에 대하여 법령 및 관련 고시, 세법상 기준 등 다양한 근거가 존재하는 반면, 하도급법 제4 조에는 정당한 가격의 산정에 관한 명확한 기준이 제시되어있지 않기 때문이다. 결국 중장기적으로는 입법론적인 해결이 필요하고, 현행법 하에서는 하도급법상 징벌적 손해배상제도 및 하도급분쟁조정절차를 활성화하여 원사업자가 소송리스크 및 규제 리스크에 직면하도록 하고, 그에 따라 ... Fair Transactions in Subcontracting Act (the “Subcontracting Act”) was fundamentally enacted to strengthen subcontractor protection, and payment order under the legislation was instituted to provide quick relief to subcontractor injury. However, a remedial order under administrative law demands curing a past violation of a law. It is a specific administrative effect with the intent to restore law and order. Similarly, the payment order should also be interpreted and enforced under the same principle. For violations of Article 4 (Prohibition against Fixing Unreasonable Subcontract Consideration) Section 2 of the Subcontracting Act, the KFTC has in most cases imposed the difference from the previous price as the payment order. However, the Supreme Court has recently ruled that a payment order in the above manner is illegitimate under Article 4 Section 2 Clause 1 of the Subcontracting Act. The Supreme Court held that the price that becomes the standard for uniformly reducing the unit price cannot be conclusively found as the fair subcontract price, and, given the nature of violations of the applicable regulation, it is difficult to uniformly calculate the fair subcontract price between the principle contractor and subcontractor. Thus, a more careful examination of the scope of the payment order under the Subcontracting Act is called for. Subcontracting transactions are premised on legal relationships in civil law. Thus, in principle, the payment order under the Subcontracting Act should be the difference from the fair price had there been no violation. Of the specific acts of violation spelled out in Article 4 Section 2 of the Subcontracting Act, for those acts for which it is not clear what the fair price is given the wording of the law, and, those acts for which it is not easy to conclude that the price would have been found to be the previous price even if there was no violation, the payment order should not be the difference from the previous price. Applying this principle, in the case of Article 4 Section 2 of the Subcontracting Act, I believe a payment order in the above manner which orders paying the difference from the previous price is viable given the following: (1) by allocating a certain amount, the wording of the law in Clause 2 leaves room to consider the price before reduction as the fair price, (2) assuming cases in which there is no discriminatory treatment, it is highly likely that the previous transaction terms remain the same given the wording of the law in Clause 3, (3) there is room to consider the aggregate amount of direct construction costs as the fair price given the wording of the law in Clause 6, and (4) there is room to consider the lowest bid price as the fair price given the wording of the law in Clause 7. On the other hand, for the other acts under Article 4 Section 2, I do not believe that a payment order for the difference from the previous price would be allowed because the law does not make clear what a fair price is, and, even if there was no violation, it is difficult to conclude that the price would have been determined to be the previous price. Meanwhile, some might say that in these cases, the KFTC could order payment by arbitrarily calculating the “fair price.” However, that would not be appropriate under the current law interpretation. This is because there are almost no cases in which the KFTC has arbitrarily ruled on the fair price in its interpretation and enforcement of the MRFTA, and, in cases of acts of unfair support under MRFTA, in contrast to various evidence for what constitutes a “fair price” under legislation and related public announcements, tax law, etc., Article 4 of the Subcontracting Act does not provide a clear standard for how to calculate the fair price. In the mid to long term, we ultimately need a legislative solution. Under the current law, we must invigorate a punitive compensation system and subcontracting dispute resolution process under the ...

EU의 제약산업에 대한 경쟁법 집행 및 경쟁정책과 그 시사점

이문성 한국비교정부학회 2019 한국비교정부학보 Vol.23 No.3

Europe, together with United States, has led the growth of the pharmaceutical industry around the world. However, some criticized that principle of competition did not work well due to the structural and regulatory characteristics of the pharmaceutical industry. In 2009, the EU Commission conducted sector inquiry on the pharmaceutical industry and reviewed various legal issues in the perspective of the EU competition rules. After the sector inquiry, EU competition authorities have actively enforced their competition rules on the pharmaceutical industry and have actively prepared and implemented competition policies for the industry. Finally, at the request of the EU Parliament and the EU Council, the EU Commission recently submitted a report which includes representative cases and relevant statistics of EU competition authorities on the pharmaceutical industry. Because the industry size is very large and lots of dominant companies have been existed, violations of competition rules have been occurred in various forms and ways. In the perspective of comparative law and comparative administration, it is highly valuable to research about how the EU competition rules, which has played a major role in the global competition law with the United States, has addressed the behaviors. However, since the KFTC published the competition policy report on pharmaceutical industry in 2009, there have been few studies in Korea which reviewed competition law enforcement of EU competition authorities on the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, this article reviews the recent report of the EU Commission and tries to find implications on the enforcement of MRFTA and relevant competition policy. First, regarding the antitrust enforcement, it seems that the KFTC have mainly focused on rebate issue in the pharmaceutical industry. It is time for the KFTC to review other type of violations which the EU competition authorities have regulated, such as misuse of patent system and other regulatory frameworks for preventing generic companies from entering the market, disparagement the quality or safety of generic drugs for preventing generic companies from entering the market, and the excessive pricing by the original companies. Also, regarding the merger regulation, it is necessary for the KFTC to carefully review the concerns about innovation competition in merger cases involving the industry and find the best remedies through sufficient consultation with the merging entities. For this, experiences of the EU competition authorities on the innovation competition in merger cases of pharmaceutical companies would be great helpful. Additionally, regarding the competition policy, market monitoring about the pharmaceutical industry should be carried out more regularly by the KFTC with reference to the experience of EU competition authorities. Finally, it is necessary for the KFTC to check loopholes in other regulations related to the pharmaceutical industry from the perspective of competition law through competition advocacy activities.

아리스토텔레스의 질료형상설과 반도핑 연구

이문성 한국체육철학회 2011 움직임의철학 : 한국체육철학회지 Vol.19 No.4

This study has explored anti-doping problems awaiting solution in modern sport through the main ideology of Aristotle. Such attempt suggests theoretical basis of philosophy of sport that doping is an immoral behavior based on philosophical thoughts of Aristotle. Moreover, this is a part of effort to inherit and develop thoughts of Aristotle. This study has been proceeded with examining literatures of Aristotle such as 『Metaphysics』, 『De Anima』 as well as Aristotle related documents, and following conclusions were made: Hylemorphismus and Doping Problem. In main idea of Aristotle, relationship between matter(hyle) and form(eidos), dynamis and energeia, and mind(spirit) and body was found to be mutual rather than comparison. Moreover, in appropriate matter, the function of a saw and an ax is to cut a tree well, most appropriate matter for a saw and an ax was explained to be iron rather than gold or silver. In sport, most appropriate body(matter) is a body resulting from systematic training under a coach or a manager, and the effort put in by the athlete. On the contrary, a doped body is not an appropriate body for sport. Because doping means injecting prohibited drugs or materials inside the body which enhances human ability, it functions better like an artificial heart compared to a natural heart, but it makes the body artificial also because the body depends on the prohibited substance. In the end, to Aristotle, the best and most appropriate body is the one made with hard training and effort alone. 이 연구는 아리스토텔레스의 질료형상설을 통하여 현대 스포츠에서 가장 문제시 되고 있는 반도핑 문제를 탐구한 것이다. 이러한 시도는 도핑이 비윤리적 행위임을 아리스토텔레스의 철학사상을 바탕으로 스포츠철학의 이론적 준거를 제시하고자 하는 시도이다. 이 연구에서는 아리스토텔레스의 저작인 『형이상학』, 『영혼에 대하여』 그리고 국내외 아리스토텔레스 관련 문헌을 참고로 하여 문헌탐구의 방법으로 연구를 진행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 아리스토텔레스의 질료와 형상, 가능태와 현실태, 영혼과 신체의 관계는 대비적인 관계가 아닌 상호 보완적인 관계임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 아리스토텔레스의 적절한 질료에 대한 논의에서 톱과 도끼의 기능은 나무를 잘 자르는 것이고, 톱과 도끼의 가장 적절한 질료는 금, 은, 양털, 나무가 아닌 쇠가 가장 적절한 질료라고 하였다. 현대스포츠에서 운동선수의 가장 적절한 신체(질료)는 본인의 노력과 훈련에 의한 신체가 가장 적절한 신체라고 할 수 있다. 반면 도핑을 한 선수의 신체는 적절한 신체라고 할 수 없다. 왜냐하면 도핑을 한 신체는 경기력을 향상시키는 금지약물이나 금지방법을 체내에 인위적으로 주입시켰기 때문이다. 도핑을 한 신체는 자연적인 신체의 선수보다 기능적인 면에서는 보다 뛰어난 기능을 발휘할 수 있을 것이다. 하지만 도핑을 한 신체이기 때문에 자연적인 신체가 아니라 인위적인 신체라고 볼 수 있다. 결국 아리스토텔레스에게 있어 적절한 신체란 도핑을 하지 않은 운동선수 자신의 노력과 땀, 훈련에 의한 신체만이 가장 적절한 신체라고 할 수 있다.

공정거래법상 신고포상금 제도에 대한 시론적 연구: 부당한 공동행위를 중심으로

이문성 한국비교정부학회 2022 한국비교정부학보 Vol.26 No.4

(Purpose) The reward system for informant under the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act (i.e., Korean Competition Law) is a program that provides monetary compensation to those who report violations of the MRFTA to the Korean Fair Trade Commission (i.e., KFTC). It seems that academic research from legal perspective has not been conducted actively on the system. The purpose of this study is to develop an introductory discussion on the system from legal perspective, and to encourage the interdisciplinary research on that. (Design/methodology/approach) There are not many cases of introducing the reporting reward program overseas. Therefore, in this paper, most of discussion on the system was conducted based on the domestic law and regulations. Also, there are many other systems in which the reporting reward system is related. Therefore, in this paper, a comparative methodology was mainly used for analysis the relationship between the target system and other systems. (Findings) The relationship between the target system and the leniency program under the MRFTA was discussed. It was analyzed what cases the enterpriser's leniency after the informant's reporting act is allowed. As a result, it was concluded that there are few cases where the benefits of the two systems are applied in the same case. And the relationship between the target system and the compensation system under the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act was discussed. The criteria for calculating rewards under the acts were compared in detail. Through this analysis, it was discussed in which cases the compensation under the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act could be paid in addition to the reporting reward under the MRFTA. (Research implications or Originality) It was emphasized that this system should be implemented in consideration of the General Act on Public Administration and the practical issues of administrative litigation. Also, it was emphasized that additional empirical research is required on how to redesign the relationship between the target system and the whistleblower system in the future. Lastly, the study suggested some legislative measures for improving the budget provision for the system.

알코홀성 장애의 임상적 고찰(抄)

이문성 임상약학사 1988 臨床藥學 Vol.8 No.10

유전자도핑과 생명윤리- 스포츠를 중심으로 -

이문성 한국체육철학회 2014 움직임의철학 : 한국체육철학회지 Vol.22 No.2

최근 스포츠계에 비상이 걸렸다. 그것은 바로 유전자도핑이 등장했기 때문이다. 현재 WADA(세계반도핑기구)에서는 유전자도핑을 하고 있는 선수가 있을 것이라는 추측만 있을 뿐이며, 유전자도핑을 검출할 수 있는 검사 기구를 개발하고 있는 상태이다. 유전자도핑은 일반인과 선수의 생명을 담보로 하는 인체실험이다. 유전자도핑은 나치의 우생학이 부활했다고도 볼 수 있다. 이에 이 연구에서는 유전자도핑과 생명윤리의 문제를 파악하고, 그 원인을 찾아 대안을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 그 대안으로는첫째, 유전자도핑을 법적, 국가적으로 금지시킨다. 둘째, 선수는 시합 전후에 유전자도핑 검사를 의무적으로 한다. 셋째, 모든 선수들은 유전자도핑에 의존하지 않고, 자신의 실력으로 정정당당하게 경기에 참가한다. 넷째, 선수에게 Tag DNA 제도를 도입한다. Recently, the world of sport has been under the emergency because of the advent of gene doping. The world anti-doping agency(WADA) has only supposed that some athletes use the gene doping currently and then been developing a device to detect the doping. So we suggest some alternative proposals. Genetic doping is pledged as collateral for the life of the public and the players are human experiments. Genetic doping is that the resurrection of Nazi eugenics can be seen. In this study, genetic doping and bioethics, to find alternatives to the causes that purpose. The proposals are as follow; firstly, the gene doping should be prohibited regally and nationally. Secondly, athletes have to take the mandatory test to the gene doping before and after their games. Third, all player should play fair to prove their performance not depending upon the gene doping. Fourthly, we prevent the doping through the introduction of Tag DNA system.

「사회기반시설에 대한 민간투자사업법」에 따른 행정계약의 법적 성격에 관한 연구 (서울시메트로9호선(주)의 서울시 운임신고 반려처분 취소 소송사건을 중심으로)

이문성,이광윤 유럽헌법학회 2015 유럽헌법연구 Vol.17 No.-

행정영역에 속하였던 분야가 계약화되고 있는 추세에 있는 바, 이를 둘러싼 새로운 행정환경 속에서 행정계약의 당사자를 포함한 이해관계자와의 법적 분쟁 가능성 또한 높아지고 있다. 사회기반시설을 이용하는 이용자 편에서 보면, 이윤추구를 위한 사회기반시설 구축방안으로 공공부문의 영역이 활용될 경우에는 빈부격차에 따른 실질적 불평등과 사회적 약자의 분노, 국민의 주권자가 고객으로 전락하는 과정에서 ‘평등성’을 지향하는 공법의 근본관념과 국가 공동체의 존재의의에 대한 회의감과 위기로 이어질 수 있다고 본다. 공공부문이 공공서비스 활동을 통해 급부행정을 실현하는 정당성은 행정의 공익 추구 성격에서 도출될 것이므로, 행정계약의 민사법적 시각에서의 완성도가 아닌 공익 기준에서 평가되어야 할 것이다행정소송제도를 개선하여 행정계약의 위법적 요소를 항고소송에서 다룰 수 있도록 하고, 원고적격을 행정계약의 당사자를 포함한 이용자 또는 이해관계인에게 확대하도록 하며, 행정계약을 행정소송법상 당사자소송 대상으로 명시하는 등 행정소송법의 개정이 요구된다. Some of the administrative regions have been made to the contract type. The possibility of a legal dispute with the stakeholders, including the parties to the contract administration is increasing. When in infrastructure building measures for the region to pursue profits, the actual utilization of the public sector and the anger of the underprivileged in accordance with the inequality gap between rich and poor, people of the sovereign is the root of the process, which aims to 'equality' in the course of devoted customers see that the crisis could lead to skepticism about the idea of the existence of the national community. Public sector legitimacy to realize benefits administration through public service activities derive from the public nature of the administration pursued. Administrative agreement will be evaluated in the public interest criteria To improve the administrative litigation system should be able to handle the above legal elements of the administrative contract in appeal proceedings. The Standing should extend to the user or interested parties, including the parties to the contract administration. You need to specify an administrative agreement with the parties subject to administrative procedure law litigation. The legislative efforts to amend the administrative procedure law is needed.

개원내과전문의를 위한 연수강좌 : 소화기질환의 증례와 영상진단 ; 복부 초음파진단

이문성 대한내과학회 2001 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.61 No.-

글로벌 환경에서의 효율적인 원격접속 시스템 구축에 관한 연구

이문성,이용일,김창은 한국경영과학회 2000 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1

현재 기업은 정보통신과 컴퓨터 기술의 비약적인 발전으로 본사와 지사 사이의 정보의 교환이 중요한 문제로 대두되고 있다. 특히 재택근무에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으며 이에 대한 방편으로 RAS(Remote Access Server) 및 VPN(Virtual Private Network)에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 VPN 및 RAS서버의 효율적인 구축 방법을 제시하고자 한다.