Castellated tungsten plasma-facing components exposed to H-mode plasma in KSTAR

Hong, S.H.,Lee, H.H.,Kim, K.M.,Kim, H.T.,Bang, E.N.,Son, S.H.,Kim, H.K. North-Holland 2016 Fusion engineering and design Vol.109 No.1

Heat load on the misaligned leading edges of tungsten castellated blocks based on tungsten (W), oxygen-free high conductive copper (OFHC-Cu), and copper-chrome-zirconium (CuCrZr) alloy are studied by COMSOL analysis and infrared (IR) measurements in KSTAR. IR measurements show that 1-3MW/m<SUP>2</SUP> of heat flux has been deposited on the blocks during the inter-ELM (edge localized mode) phase in H-mode plasmas. COMSOL analysis indicates that the temperature of 1mm leading edge in KSTAR under 3MW/m<SUP>2</SUP> would reach the recrystallization temperature within 2s and will be melted within 30s during a long pulse H-mode shot. Rounded and double chamfered blocks show much better thermal response meaning that shaping of divertor block enhances the heat load handling capability. It seems that a simple COMSOL analysis describes heat load patterns on the tungsten blocks of different shapes qualitatively well. Therefore, simple analysis would be useful to make a quick prediction on heat load patterns of blocks with arbitrary shapes.

Development of Mg-oxide-Ni hydrogen-storage alloys by reactive mechanical grinding

Song, M.Y.,Kwon, S.,Mumm, D.R.,Hong, S.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2007 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.32 No.16

Mg-oxide and Mg-oxide-Ni hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by mechanical grinding under H<SUB>2</SUB> (reactive mechanical grinding). Among these alloys, Mg-(7.5wt%Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>, 7.5wt%Ni) prepared by grinding for 4h with nano-structured Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> particles and Ni showed the best hydrogen storage properties. The as-milled sample absorbed 4.75wt% H at 593K under 12bar H<SUB>2</SUB> for 60min. Its activation was accomplished after two hydriding-dehydriding cycles. The activated sample absorbed 4.36wt% H at 593K under 12bar H<SUB>2</SUB> for 60min and desorbed 4.26wt% H at 593K under 1.0bar H<SUB>2</SUB> for 60min. After hydriding-dehydriding cycling, Mg<SUB>2</SUB>Ni, Fe and MgO are formed. The large bar-like hydrided particles have round and expanding surfaces, suggesting that they expanded during the hydriding reaction, while the dehydrided particles exhibit contracted surfaces with wrinkles.

Machining of the KSTAR TF coil structure

K. H. Hong,C. H. Choi,D. H. Park,D. K. Hur,H. Sin,H. K. Park,H. T. Kim,J. H. Won,J. H. Lim,J. M. Chung,박주식,J. W. Sa,J. Y. Song,N. G. Kim,S. H. Hwang,Y. D. Chu,Y. G. Song 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III

The KSTAR Toroidal Field (TF) magnet system consists of 16 TF structures. Each structure must be machined for precise assembly and reducing error field. Dimensions of the structure are a height of 4.5 m and a width of 3.2 m. The allowable tolerance of the structure is ±1 2 mm, and that of the bolt hole for Poloidal Field (PF) coil basement is ±0.5 mm. The final machining of the structure is also important for assembly of the interface structures such as toroidal ring, PF coil structures, and Central Solenoid (CS) structure. Before coil encasing, the inside surface of the structure is machined. Most of the outer surface of the structure, except for the surface of the intercoil structure (ICS), is machined after final welding. In particular, the side surface of an inboard leg, the connection plate of the ICS, the toroidal ring basement, the PF structure basements, shear key holes, and conical bolt holes are precisely machined. Fabrication and assembly tolerances are absorbed by the thickness of the electrical insulation, the spacer of the shear key, and the taper ring of the conical bolt. Six TF coil structures have been assembled and two structures are waiting for assembly. Another three structures are under final machining. A laser tracker is used for three dimensional survey and measurement of the structure.

Investigation on the existence of optimum interlayer distance for H₂ uptake using pillared-graphene oxide

Kim, B.H.,Hong, W.G.,Moon, H.R.,Lee, S.M.,Kim, J.M.,Kang, S.,Jun, Y.,Kim, H.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.37 No.19

In order to prove the existence of an optimum interlayer distance for H<SUB>2</SUB> uptake, we have obtained H<SUB>2</SUB> isotherms with respect to the interlayer distance of pillared-graphene oxide (GO) at 1.0 bar and 77 K. Interlayer distances of GO were changed by intercalation of three kinds of diaminoalkanes with a different number of carbon atoms (NH<SUB>2</SUB>(CH<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>n</SUB>NH<SUB>2</SUB>, n = 2, 6, 10) as pillars and changing the subsequent thermal annealing conditions. We found an optimum GO interlayer distance for maximum H<SUB>2</SUB> uptake at 6.3 A similar to the predicted distance from first-principles calculations for graphitic materials, and the value obtained from thermally modulated GO. Our results experimentally corroborate the existence of an optimum interlayer distance and demonstrate the importance of an interlayer distance for the design of materials for H<SUB>2</SUB> storage.

Multilocus Sequence Typing and Virulence Factors Analysis of Escherichia coli O157 Strains in China

Xiao W. Ji,Ya L. Liao,Ye F. Zhu,Hai G. Wang,Ling Gu,Jiang Gu,Chen Dong,Hong L. Ding,Xu H. Mao,Feng C. Zhu,Quan M. Zou 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.6

Escherichia coli O157:H7, an important food-borne pathogen, has become a major public health concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiologic feature of E. coli O157:H7strains in China. 105 E. coli O157:H7 isolates were collected from various hosts and places over 9 years. A multilocus sequence typing scheme (MLST) was applied for bacteria genotyping and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for virulence factor identification. Seven new MLST sequence types (STs), namely ST836, ST837, ST838, ST839, ST840, ST841, and ST842 were identified, which grouped into two lineages. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the most two frequent STs in China, ST837 and ST836, may be the derivatives of E. coli O157:H7 Sakai or E. coli O157:H7 EDL933. Geographical diversity and host variety of E. coli O157:H7 were observed in China. In addition, the different distribution of tccp was detected. The data presented herein provide new insights into the molecular epidemiologic feature of E. coli O157:H7, and aid in the investigation of the transmission regularity and evolutionary mechanism of E. coli O157:H7.

Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis

Yu, K‐,H.,Hong, K‐,S.,Lee, B‐,C.,Oh, M‐,S.,Cho, Y‐,J.,Koo, J‐,S.,Park, J‐,M.,Bae, H‐,J.,Han, M‐,K.,Ju, Y‐,S.,Kang, D‐,W.,Appelros, P. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Acta neurologica Scandinavica Vol.123 No.5

<P>Yu K‐H, Hong K‐S, Lee B‐C, Oh M‐S, Cho Y‐J, Koo J‐S, Park J‐M, Bae H‐J, Han M‐K, Ju Y‐S, Kang D‐W, Appelros P, Norrving B, Terent A. Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis. 
Acta Neurol Scand: 2011: 123: 325–331. 
© 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.</P><P><B>Background – </B> It has not been clarified whether the disparity in ischemic stroke outcome between populations is caused by ethnic and geographic differences or by variations in case mix. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis can overcome some analytical problems but is rarely used in stroke outcome research. This study was to compare the ischemic stroke case‐fatality between two PSM cohorts of Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Methods – </B> Prognostic variables related to baseline characteristics and stroke care were included in our PSM model. Then, we selected 7675 Swedish and 1220 Korean patients with ischemic stroke from each stroke registers and performed one‐to‐one matching based on propensity scores of each patient.</P><P><B>Results – </B> After PSM, all measured variables were well balanced in 1163 matched subjects, and the 90‐day case‐fatality was identical 6.2% (HR 0.997, 95%CI 0.905–1.099) in Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Conclusions – </B> No difference is found in the 90‐day case‐fatality in propensity score‐matched Swedish and Korean patients with ischemic stroke.</P>

Mucosally administered Lactobacillus surface-displayed influenza antigens (sM2 and HA2) with cholera toxin subunit A1 (CTA1) Induce broadly protective immune responses against divergent influenza subtypes

Li, R.,Chowdhury, M.Y.E.,Kim, J.H.,Kim, T.H.,Pathinayake, P.,Koo, W.S.,Park, M.E.,Yoon, J.E.,Roh, J.B.,Hong, S.P.,Sung, M.H.,Lee, J.S.,Kim, C.J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2015 Veterinary microbiology Vol.179 No.3

The development of a universal influenza vaccine that provides broad cross protection against existing and unforeseen influenza viruses is a critical challenge. In this study, we constructed and expressed conserved sM2 and HA2 influenza antigens with cholera toxin subunit A1 (CTA1) on the surface of Lactobacillus casei (pgsA-CTA1sM2HA2/L. casei). Oral and nasal administrations of recombinant L. casei into mice resulted in high levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and their isotypes (IgG1 & IgG2a) as well as mucosal IgA. The mucosal administration of pgsA-CTA1sM2HA2/L. casei may also significantly increase the levels of sM2- or HA2-specific cell-mediated immunity because increased release of both IFN-γ and IL-4 was observed. The recombinant pgsA-CTA1sM2HA2/L. casei provided better protection of BALB/c mice against 10 times the 50% mouse lethal doses (MLD<SUB>50</SUB>) of homologous A/EM/Korea/W149/06(H5N1) or A/Aquatic bird/Korea/W8½005 (H5N2) and heterologous A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1), or A/Chicken/Korea/116/2004(H9N2) or A/Philippines/2/08(H3N2) viruses, compared with L. casei harboring sM2HA2 and also the protection was maintained up to seven months after administration. These results indicate that recombinant L. casei expressing the highly conserved sM2, HA2 of influenza and CTA1 as a mucosal adjuvant could be a potential mucosal vaccine candidate or tool to protect against divergent influenza viruses for human and animal.

Hydrogen-storage properties of gravity cast and melt spun Mg-Ni-Nb₂O₅ alloys

Hong, S.H.,Kwon, S.N.,Bae, J.S.,Song, M.Y. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.34 No.4

95%(gravity cast Mg-23.5Ni)--5%Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> alloy was prepared by horizontal ball milling in n-hexane of gravity cast Mg-23.5wt%Ni with Spex milled Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>. Melt spun Mg-23.5wt%Ni after heat treatment at 523K for 1h was also ground by planetary ball milling with finer Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> prepared by milling with NaCl. The activated 90%(melt spun Mg-23.5Ni)-10%Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> alloy shows higher hydriding and dehydriding rates than the activated 95%(gravity cast Mg-23.5Ni)-5%Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> alloy, thanks to the homogeneous distribution of fine Mg<SUB>2</SUB>Ni phase in melt spun Mg-23.5Ni and the finer Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> addition to melt spun Mg-23.5Ni, which leads to the effective diminution of the Mg particle size. The activated 90%(ms Mg-23.5Ni)-10%Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> alloy absorbs 4.70wt%H at 573K under 12bar H<SUB>2</SUB> for 10min, and desorbs 4.75wt%H at 573K under 1.0bar H<SUB>2</SUB> for 25min.

Nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphomas are more frequently T rather than NK lineage based on T-cell receptor gene, RNA, and protein studies: lineage does not predict clinical behavior

Hong, M.,Lee, T.,Young Kang, S.,Kim, S. J.,Kim, W.,Ko, Y. H. Nature Publishing Group 2016 Modern pathology Vol.29 No.5

<P>Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type, comprises NK or cytotoxic T cells. We evaluated the clinical impact of cell type and the usefulness of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transcripts in distinguishing cell lineage. One hundred and eight cases of ENKTL were analyzed for TCR gene rearrangements using the BIOMED-2 protocol and for TCR gene expression using immunohistochemistry for TCR-beta F1 and TCR-c gamma M1, and RNA in situ hybridization for TCR gene transcripts. Prognostic factors were analyzed. Among the 108 cases, 44 were monoclonal for a TCR rearrangement (40%) while 64 (60%) were undefinable. The monoclonal cases expressed TCR-beta F1 in 14 out of 40 cases (35%) and TCR-c gamma M1 in 1 out of 44 cases (2%). The 64 undetermined cases expressed TCR-beta F1 in 15 cases (23%) and TCR-c gamma M1 in 1 (2%). Thirteen of 40 TCR-beta constant gene transcript-positive cases (33%) expressed TCR-beta F1 and one of nine TCR-gamma constant gene transcript-positive cases (11%) expressed TCR-c gamma M1. TCR gene transcripts were not useful in the distinction of cell lineages. TCR gene transcripts were positive in ENKTLs as well as in normal B cells and aggressive NK-cell leukemia. Based on gene rearrangements and immunohistochemistry for TCR, there were 60 T-cell type cases (56%), 32 NK-cell type cases (30%), and 16 cases with an undetermined cell type (14%). TCR protein was expressed in 30/60 T-ENKTLs (50%) in a variable fraction of tumor cells. There were no significant differences in clinical findings or overall patient survival between T-or NK-cell types of ENKTL, although those with a T-cell type tended to show a better prognosis for those with localized nasal lymphomas. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that a non-nasal ENKTL, age 460 years, high level of lactate dehydrogenase, bone marrow involvement, and the absence of radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors.</P>

간호대학생의 정보활용능력의 영향 요인에 대한 연구 : 셀프 리더십을 중심으로

최선엽,최가을,이현정,유명혜,안서현,박수현,하재영,홍신해,김한나,김지아 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2015 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.49

Purpose: This study identifies the factors in nursing undergraduate curriculum related to improved information literacy, and the degree of relationship between information literacy and self-leadership among nursing undergraduate students. Method: Participants were 338 nursing undergraduates selected by convenience sampling at 19 Korean universities. Instruments were the self-leadership tool by Manz(1983), modified by Cho(2003) and the information literacy tool developed by Rhee(2008). The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchial multiple regression analysis with SPSS 22.0 Windows software. Results: Participants’ age(F=2.962, p<.001), grade(F=5.757, p=.001), experience in clinical nursing-practice(t=3.792, p<.001), GPA(F=3.373, p=.019) and experience in informatics education (t=3.291, p<.001) were statistically significant differences in the information literacy. Age(F=4.995, p=.007), Religion (t=3.593, p<.001), GPA (F=8.878, p<.001), satisfaction with the major subject (t=-4.399, p<.001) and the degree of information education necessity(t=1.993, p=.047) showed statistically significant differences in the self-leadership. Also there was a strong correlation between information literacy and self-leadership (Pearson’s r=.578, p<.001). Hierarchical-regression analysis revealed that the better self-leadership was associated with the higher information literacy(Adjusted R²=.355, R²=.382, p<.001). However, age, time using a computer, grade, religion, GPA, satisfaction with nursing as a major, and experience in informatics education were not significantly associated with information literacy. Conclusion: These findings implied the importance of educating information literacy which is a foundation for evidence-based-practice for nursing students. Considering the importance of self-leadership on information literacy, it is also essential to develop the current nursing undergraduate curriculum for maximizing the effectiveness of information literacy education reflecting the relationship between self-leadership and information literacy.