http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
여러가지 종류의 사료 섬유질을 섭취하는 쥐의 수분 및 Na 대사에 관한 연구
이봉덕,권순기,이수기 ( B . D . Lee,S . K . Kwon,S . K . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1986 한국축산학회지 Vol.28 No.8
The effects of several sources of dietary fiber on the water and sodium (Na) metabolism of rats were investigated. Wheat bran (D2), pure cellulose (D3), and ground rice straw (D4) replaced corn in the control diet (D1) at the level of 10%: pectin (DS), which is water-soluble, replaced corn at 5% level. In the growth trial with 45 female weanling rats (Sprague Dawley strain), the growth rate of DS was significantly (P≤.05) lower than those of D1 and D2. No difference in growth rate was found among D3, D4 and D5. With regard to water intake of growing rats, there was no difference among all treatments. In metabolism trial with 30 adult male rats, the dry matter (DM) digestibilities of D3 and D4 were significantly lower than those of D1, D2 and D5. Similar DM digestibilities were found in D1, D2 and D5. As in the case of growing rats, no difference was found in water intake among five treatments. With regard to water holding capacity (WHC) of feces, D3 and D4 showed significantly larger values than D2. The WHC of D1 and D5 were even lower (P≤.05) than D2. The bulls density (BD) of feces was exactly in the inverse relationship with WHC. The BD of D3 and D4 were significantly smaller than the other treatments. D1 and D5 showed significantly larger BD than did D2. In terms of Na excretion routes of urine and feces, D1 and DS excreted significantly more Na via urine than did D3 and D4. The D2 showed intermediate values in this respect. No difference was found in Na^+ and osmotic concentrations either in plasma or urine among dietary treatments. With regard to plasma clearances, there was no difference among all treatments in C_(Na)^+, C_(osm) anti C_(H₂O), The C_(H₂O) values from all treatments showed negative values, indicating that the rats were removing excess solutes in body fluids via urine. Among the water-insoluble fibers, wheat bran appeared to be less fibrous than pure cellulose or ground rice straw in several respects, i.e., growth rate, feral WHC and BD, and the route of Na excretion. Except that it inhibits the growth rate of young rats, pectin brought about the same effect as did the control diet, indicating that the gut microflora fermented the water-soluble pectin. Different nutritional and physiological effects might be expected from rats fed dietary fibers having different solubility in water.
Lee, S.Y.,Yuk, D.Y.,Song, H.S.,Yoon, D.Y.,Jung, J.K.,Moon, D.C.,Lee, B.S.,Hong, J.T. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2008 european journal of pharmacology Vol.582 No.1
Biphenolic components in Magnolia obovata including magnolol and honokiol have shown several pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Previously in cultured macrophage Raw264.7 cells and fibroblast, we found that obovatol, an active compound isolated from M. obovata inhibited NF-κB activity which has been known to be a significant transcriptional factor to control of cancer cell growth. We investigated here whether obovatol could inhibit NF-κB activity, and thereby inhibit cancer cell growth in prostate (LNCaP and PC-3) and colon cancer (SW620 and HCT116) cells. Treatment of obovatol (10, 15, 20, 25 μM) inhibits cancer cell growth in the absence or the presence of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α , 10 ng/ml) and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA 10 or 50 nM) in a concentration-dependent manner through induction of apoptotic cell death. Cytotoxic activity was not observed in normal cells with up to 50 μM obovatol. It was also found that obovatol inhibited TNF-α and TPA-induced transcriptional and DNA binding activities of NF-κB. In further study, obovatol decreased translocation p65 and p50 into nucleus via decrease of phosphorylation of IκB. Correlated well with the induction of apoptosis, obovatol increased the expression of the apoptotic genes; Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, whereas inhibited expression of anti-apoptotic genes; Bcl-2, inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP-1) and X chromosome IAP (XIAP) as well as the cell proliferation marker genes; Cox-2, c-Fos, c-Jun and cyclin D1. These results suggest that obovatol inhibits prostate and colon cancer cell growth via induction of apoptotic cell death, and that inhibition of NF-κB may be a significant as its action mechanism.
d-pinitol regulates Th1/Th2 balance via suppressing Th2 immune response in ovalbumin-induced asthma
Lee, J.S.,Lee, C.M.,Jeong, Y.I.,Jung, I.D.,Kim, B.H.,Seong, E.Y.,Kim, J.I.,Choi, I.W.,Chung, H.Y.,Park, Y.M. North-Holland Pub ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2007 FEBS letters Vol.581 No.1
d-pinitol has been demonstrated to exert insulin-like and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its anti-allergic effect in the Th1/Th2 immune response is poorly understood. Recently, it was shown that T-bet and GATA-3 are master Th1 and Th2 regulatory transcription factors. In this study, we have attempted to determine whether d-pinitol regulates Th1/Th2 cytokine production, T-bet and GATA-3 gene expression in OVA-induced asthma model mice. We also examined to ascertain whether d-pinitol could influence eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) activity. After being sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) showed typical asthmatic reactions. These reactions included an increase in the number of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, an increase in inflammatory cell infiltration into the lung tissue around blood vessels and airways, airway luminal narrowing, and the development of airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). The administration of d-pinitol before the last airway OVA challenge resulted in a significant inhibition of all asthmatic reactions. Accordingly, this study may provide evidence that d-pinitol plays a critical role in the amelioration of the pathogenetic process of asthma in mice. These findings provide new insight into the immunopharmacological role of d-pinitol in terms of its effects in a murine model of asthma, and also broaden current perspectives in our understanding of the immunopharmacological functions of d-pinitol.
Vitamin D Is Required for IFN- -Mediated Antimicrobial Activity of Human Macrophages
Fabri, M.,Stenger, S.,Shin, D.-M.,Yuk, J.-M.,Liu, P. T.,Realegeno, S.,Lee, H.-M.,Krutzik, S. R.,Schenk, M.,Sieling, P. A.,Teles, R.,Montoya, D.,Iyer, S. S.,Bruns, H.,Lewinsohn, D. M.,Hollis, B. W.,Hew American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2011 Science translational medicine Vol.3 No.104
<P>Control of tuberculosis worldwide depends on our understanding of human immune mechanisms, which combat the infection. Acquired T cell responses are critical for host defense against microbial pathogens, yet the mechanisms by which they act in humans remain unclear. We report that T cells, by the release of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), induce autophagy, phagosomal maturation, the production of antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin, and antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human macrophages via a vitamin D-dependent pathway. IFN-γ induced the antimicrobial pathway in human macrophages cultured in vitamin D-sufficient sera, but not in sera from African-Americans that have lower amounts of vitamin D and who are more susceptible to tuberculosis. In vitro supplementation of vitamin D-deficient serum with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 restored IFN-γ-induced antimicrobial peptide expression, autophagy, phagosome-lysosome fusion, and antimicrobial activity. These results suggest a mechanism in which vitamin D is required for acquired immunity to overcome the ability of intracellular pathogens to evade macrophage-mediated antimicrobial responses. The present findings underscore the importance of adequate amounts of vitamin D in all human populations for sustaining both innate and acquired immunity against infection.</P>
200 GeV/핵자 유황이온과 핵건판핵의 충돌에 의해 생성된 헬륨 파쇄핵의 극한파쇄 연구
김동철,송진섭,윤천실,정성헌,박인곤,김종오,김철수,김태연,이승희,조재희,천병구,김재률,김준원,김태익,박명렬,장한일,임인택 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-
고에너지 중이온 원자핵과 핵건판의 충돌에서, 200GeV/핵자 유황이온에 의해 생성된 파쇄 헬륨핵(Z=2)의 실험실계의 방출각 분포는 표적핵에 무관한 회귀공식. dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)]로 잘 표현된다. 여기에서 의사신속도 η=-ln[tan(θ/2)]이고, y_b는 실험실계의 입사입자(^32S)의 신속도이다. 이 공식에 의한 적합에서 k=-0.057±0.008로 얻어진다. 즉, 핵건판과 고에너지 중이온의 충돌에서 파쇄 헬륨핵의 exp(η-y_b)의 분포는 "극한파쇄" 현상을 잘 설명하고 있다. The angular distribution of emission angle θ of helium (Z=2) produced in the collisions of incident particles of 200 GeV/nucleon ^32S in nuclear emulsion is well expressed by dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)] where the pseudorapidity is η=-ln[tan(θ/2)], the laboratory system primary rapidity is y_b, and k=-0.057+0.008. The shape of this frequency of occurrence distributions in terms of exp(η-y_b) attests to the validity of the concept of "limiting fragmentation" for helium projectile fragments produced in the projectile fragmentation regions of heavy ion collisions in nuclear emulsion.
Koo, B. K.,Cho, Y. M.,Park, B. L.,Cheong, H. S.,Shin, H. D.,Jang, H. C.,Kim, S. Y.,Lee, H. K.,Park, K. S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2007 Diabetic medicine Vol.24 No.2
<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims </P><P>Kir6.2 is found in the pancreatic B-cell, cardiac and skeletal muscle and non-vascular smooth muscle. <I>KCNJ11</I>, encoding Kir6.2, has been shown to be associated with both Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in several populations. In this study, we investigated whether polymorphisms in <I>KCNJ11</I> are associated with Type 2 diabetes and other metabolic phenotypes in the Korean population.</P><P><B>Methods </B></P><P>We sequenced <I>KCNJ11</I> to identify common polymorphisms using 24 Korean DNA samples. Of the 14 polymorphisms found in <I>KCNJ11</I>, six common ones [genomic sequence (g.)−1709A>T, g.−1525T>C, g.67G>A (E23K), g.570C>T (A190A), g.1009A>G (I337V), and g.1388C>T] were genotyped in 761 Type 2 diabetic patients and in 630 non-diabetic subjects.</P><P><B>Results</B> </P><P>All the polymorphic loci in <I>KCNJ11</I> are in strong linkage disequilibrium in the Korean population and act as one haplotype block. g.67G>A and g.1009A>G were associated with an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes [age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 1.376 (1.085–1.745), <I>P</I> = 0.008 and 1.411 (1.111–1.791), <I>P</I> = 0.005, respectively], as was one haplotype (A-T-A-C-G-C in the order of polymorphisms as shown above) containing g.67A and g.1009G [OR = 1.359 (1.080–1.709), <I>P</I> = 0.009]. The haplotype (A-T-A-C-G-C) was also strongly associated with hypertension [OR = 1.655 (1.288–2.126), <I>P</I> < 0.001].</P><P><B>Conclusions </B></P><P>Polymorphisms in <I>KCNJ11</I> are associated with Type 2 diabetes and also with hypertension in the Korean population.</P>