『璿源寶鑑』에 수록된 山圖의 表現技法에 관한 연구

황인혁(Hwang, In-Hyuk),김기덕(Kim, Ki-Duk) 한국역사민속학회 2014 역사민속학 Vol.0 No.44

山圖에 대한 연구는 古地圖를 중심으로 繪畵와 風水 등 다양한 분야에서 다양한 시각으로 꾸준히 연구 성과가 축적되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 연구는 대부분 文獻硏究에 의한 山圖의 양식과 종류 그리고 실생활에서의 활용 등에 초점이 맞추어져 있고 山圖 자체에 대한 분석과 연구는 미진한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 山圖에 대한 체계적인 연구를 위해 지금까지 축적된 山圖에 대한 선행연구를 기반으로 山圖表現의 특징을 세 가지 관점으로 분류하고 분석하여 아래와 같은 결과를 도출하였다. ① 山圖에 적용된 坐向에 대한 정보를 통해, 『璿源寶鑑』 山圖의 제작과정에서 『增補文獻備考』의 자료를 참고하였을 가능성을 밝혔고, ② <司空公陵圖>에 사용된 凡例를 통해 <司空公陵圖> 제작자가 古地圖 전문가일 가능성을 밝혔으며, ③ 『璿源寶鑑』 山圖에 표기된 太祖의 4代 祖 능에 표기된 位置情報의 내용을 ?北道各陵殿圖形? 山圖의 내용과 비교?분석하여 두 자료의 연관성과 또 다른 版本의 존재 가능성에 대해 논하였고, ④ 羅經의 발명과 발전이 地圖와 山圖의 정확한 표현에 영향을 미치는 과정과 이러한 방위 표기법이 古地圖와 山圖에 각각 다르게 적용된 사례를 살펴보았다. 그리고 ⑤ 山圖의 대상지에 대한 자연환경을 효과적으로 표현하기 위해 물길과 도로가 『璿源寶鑑』 山圖에 각각 다르게 표현된 사례를 정리하였고, ⑥ 山圖의 표현에서 중요한 요소인 물(水)에 대한 표현을 中國의 風水書와 일부 다르게 표현하고 있음을 밝혀 조선시대 山圖가 기본적으로는 中國 風水書의 표현을 따르고 있지만 우리만의 독자적인 표현기법도 동시에 존재하였음을 살펴보았으며, 마지막으로 ⑦ 山圖에 표기된 風水用語들을 분석하여 山圖가 자연 지형을 風水地理 명당 공간으로 형상화한 그림지도임을 확인하였다. 『Seonweon Bogam』 was made for the purpose of delivering information on the tomb of members of the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty. Accordingly, it covered all of Sando making a pictorial expression of the tomb. But its value has been doubted as it is roughly expressed and different from the picture of the actual scene. But 『Seonweon Bogam』 is the only book that covers Sando of all the kings of the Joseon Dynasty but contains the elements making it possible to estimate the possibility that the original Sando might be used in making Sando. Accordingly, it is a high time to make an in-deep study of this. This study attempted to investigate Sando included in 『Seonweon Bogam』with a focus on the expressive style. For this purpose, it sought to analyze seven elements such as the exposure, the legend, locational information, direction, waterway and road, expression on water and Fengshui(風水) terminology. As a result, the following conclusion was drawn: Sando concerning the tombs of members of the Joseon Dynasty was continually made. It was made in two ways such as the way of drawing the scene on spot and the way of imitating the existing made material. And it could be estimated that there is a possibility that Sando of 『Seonweon Bogam』 might be copied by the figure with only a little expertise about Sando but on the basis of several materials about the existing Sando of the royal family.

보행훈련방법이 편마비 환자의 보행요소와 족저압에 미치는 영향

김은정,황보각,권혁철 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2009 再活科學硏究 Vol.27 No.2

이 연구는 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자에게 보행훈련방법을 달리하였을 때, 일반적인 지면과 트레드밀, 불안정면을 이용한 보행훈련이 보행요소와 족저압에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 편마비 환자 30명을 지면과 트레드밀, 불안정면 보행훈련군으로 무작위 배정하고 각 치료군들은 주 5회, 8주 간의 보행훈련을 실시하였다. 실험 전과 후, 보행요소를 알아보기 위하여 보행속도, 보장, 보각과 족저압을 측정하여 수집된 자료를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 이 연구의 결과를 종합해 보면 보행훈련방법에 따라 지면 보행훈련은 보행속도와 족저압 전족부, 트레드밀 보행훈련군은 보행속도와 보각, 족저압 중족부, 불안정면 보행훈련군은 보행속도와 보장, 보각에서 유의한 증가를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 뇌졸중으로 인한 편마비 환자에게 보행훈련방법을 달리함에 따라 많은 영향을 끼치어, 환경의 변화와 다양한 과제에 대한 적절한 반응을 만들어 낼 수 있음을 의미하며, 기능 회복의 임상적 접근에서 치료 중재의 시점과 기간, 제공되는 환경, 과제의 선택에 대한 광범위한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되어진다. Purpose : This study was performed for effects of gait component and plantar foot pressure on gait training way needed in gait with hemiplegic patients caused by cerebrovascular accident. Methods : Three groups of adult hemiplegia(n=30) were allocated randomly in this study : group I(TGT : treadmill gait training), group II(USGT : unstable surface gait training) and group III(SGT : surface gait training). The gait training was provided to experimental groups for 8 weeks(5 times a week). Measurements of pre and post experiment were gait velocity, step length, toe out angle, foot plantar pressure which demonstrate temporal-spatial parameter of gait component. Results : The results of this study showed that in comparison of pre and post changes of gait training, SGT group has statistically significant differences in gait velocity, metatarsal area of foot plantar pressure, TGT group has statistically significant differences in gait velocity, toe out angle, midfoot of foot plantar pressure. USGT group has statistically significant differences in gait velocity, step length, toe out angle. Conclusion : These results mean gait training resulted by gait training way provides effective gait, with stroke, and therefore proper response about environmental changes and various tasks could be made.

일 대학병원에 입원한 주요우울장애의 증상 특성

이진,김상훈,김학렬,박상학,황걸,장혁진 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and kinds of symptoms and the profile of depressive symptoms and somatic symptoms of admitted patients with major depressive disorder in a university hospital. Methods: The study was cross-sectional study in Chosun university hospital. A total of 299 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of major depressive disorder according to DSM-IV were participated in this study. Forty four item questionnaires were developed to check symptoms and the questionnaires checked from patient's medical record. Results: Common depressive symptoms were the following order: depressive mood (55.2%), initial insomnia (52.8%), anxious/tense (47.8%), tired/no energy (35.1%), suicidal ideation (28.8%). Common somatic symptoms were the following order: decreased appetite (33.1%), headache (22.1%). gastric discomfort (16.7%), palpitation (15.4%), chest discomfort (11.4%). Comparing depressive symptoms and somatic symptoms in terms of gender, anxious/tense, emotional/cry a lot, decreased appetite, gastric discomfort, palpitation, were more frequent in female patients (p<0.05), On the other hand, interpersonal sensitivity, pessimism were more frequent in male patients (p<0.05). Elderly depressed patients showed hypochondriasis symptom more frequently than younger patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results suggested that the depressive symptoms showed dissimilar in character according to the gender and age. Therefore proper diagnostic and therapeutic approaches will be needed for each patient's symptom characteristics.

대형 화재로 인한 사상자의 손상 유형과 합병증 : 동인천 라이브호프 화재를 중심으로

신중호,김재광,염석란,신종환,민순식,임용수,양혁준,이근,황성연 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Background: High risks of fire alway exist for buildings in urban areas, especially those in downtown. Crowds, as well as more complex and larger structures, may cause more victims in the event of fire; therefore, emergency medical service plans must be established for such disastrous events. Methods: On the evening of October 30,1999, a fire broke out in downtown, Dong-Incheon Live-Hof restaurant; 56 people were killed and 76 were injured. Most of them were teenagers. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the victims, Results: 1) Among the 56 dead, 54 died from smoke inhalation, one from extensive burns, and one from sepsis during treatment. 2) Among the 76 injured, 70 patients suffered from smoke inhalation, 53 from burns, and 9 from several types of trauma (sprains, contusions, lacerations, abrasions, fractures, etc.). 3) Later complications were laryngeal edema, pulmonary edema, scar contracture, and hypoxic brain damage, and so forth. 4) Post traumatic stress syndrome was unexpectedly more prevalent in mildly to moderately injured survivors and witnesses than in seriously injured survivors. Conclusion: Many complications exist after a fire. Some may be resolved in time, but others may result in permanent sequelae. Early rescue, early triage, and early management during transport by emergency medical service (EMS) personnel can result in fewer complications and a lower mortality rate. Therefore, we propose the establishment of plans to be followed during various major disasters.

충수염의 임상적 고찰과 초음파의 유용성

박정배,양혁준,김형수,황성연,박철완,이근 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Appendicitis is the most common acute abdomen in Emergency Medical Center & outpatient department. But sometimes, it is difficult for us to diagnose because of clinically variable symptoms. We reviewed the ultrasonographic findings and analyse 521 cases of appendectomy patients about its distribution of sex and age, seasonal prevalence, clinical symptom and signs, laboratory findings, duration from onset of symptom to arrival at hospital, duration from arrival at hospital to operation, vital signs, operative results, and associated diseases, which were treated at the department of General Surgery & Emergency Medical Center in Chung Ang Gil Hospital from July, 1994 to June, 1995. The results were as follows : 1. The most common age group was second decade. And male to female ratio was 1.43:1. Seasonal variation was not significant. 2. Of 521 cases, 141 cases(27.1%) visited the hospital within 24 hours from the onset of symptom, and 259 cases(49.7%) visited between 24 to 48 hours. 3. In duration from arrival to operation, the cases within 6 hours were 263 (50.5%), the cases between 6 and 12 hours were 131(25..1%). 4. In systolic blood pressure, cases below 90mmHg were 19(3.6%), cases above 160mmHg were 23(4.4%). Below 60mmHg diastolic pressure were 55 cases(10.6%), cases above 110mmHg were 9(1.7%). In pulse rate, above 90 rate/min were 171(32.8%). 5. On admission leukocytosis was found in 413 cases(79.3%) and 342 cases of them were pathologic appendicitis. 6. Ultrasoundgraphy was performed in the 87 cases, but 23 cases were suggested appendicitis. Among 23 cases, 22(95.7%) revealed pathologic appendicitis at ooperation and labortatory examination. Of the 64 cases which were normal on ultrasonography, only 2 cases(3.1%) were proved to be appendicitis. 7. The results of 496 operations without ultrasonography were appendicitis in 390 cases(78.6%), mesenteric lymphadenopathy 36(7.3%), pelvic inflammatory disease 28(5.6%), fecalith 15(3.0%), terminal ileitis 8(1.6%), diverticulitis 7(1.4%), urinary tract stones 5(1.0%), cecal cancer 2 cases, right ovarian tumor 2 cases, tubo-ovarian abscess 2 cases, grater omentum internal hernia 1 case. Our results showed that the sensitivity of ultrasonohraphy was 95.8% and the specificity 98.4% in the diagnosis of appendicitis, It suggests that the ultrasonography is very helpful in the diagnosis & differential diagnosis of acute appeendiditis.

선인장 양심실 보조장치의 설계 및 임상적용을 위한 평가

민병구,박찬영,최재순,이혁수,황창모,김삼성,윤걸중,김종원,선경,이경갑,정종태,김원곤 제주대학교 인공심장이식연구소 2001 인공심장 연구 Vol.2 No.1

현재 개발되고 있는 맥동형 이식형 인공심장은 완전이식형 인공심장과 좌심실보조장치 뿐이다. 좌심실보조장치를 장착한 환자의 10~15%가 우심실의 보조를 필요로하고 완전이식형 인공심장의 장착을 위해서는 자연심장을 제거해야하는 상황에서 이식형 양심실보조장치에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구진은 완전이식형 인공심장으로 개발된 한국형 인공심장을 개선하여 양심 실 보조장치를 개발하였다. 양심실보조장치는 이동형 작동기식 미케니즘을 이용하고 있으며 에너지 변환장치와 감속기로 구성된 작동기와 혈액주머니, 그리고 내장형 제어기로 구성되어 있다. 선인장 펌프로 명명된 KAH350은 캐뉼라의 연결을 위한 커넥터를 포함하여 길이 177mm, 폭 164mm, 높이 67 이고 무게 780g이며 최대 심박출량은 5L/min 이다. 양심실보조장치로 개발된 선인장펌프는 좌심실보조장치로도 응용이 가능하다. 이식적합성과 생체적합성을 평가하기 위하여 좌심실보조장치로 5회, 양싱실보조장치로 6회의 동물실험을 수행하였다. 각각 최장 28일간 생존하였으며 11회의 동물실험중 장치의 결함에 의한 것이 3회 있었는데 이들은 모두 전자장치의 결함과 방수처리문제였다. 현재 이식적합성과 일박출량을 향상시킨 KAH400모델이 개발중이다. The types of pulsatile implantable artificial hearts that are on the way of development and have been developed are totally implantable artificial heart and implantable left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Approximately 10% to 15% of all patients Implanted with wearable VADs have required right heart support with another device. And it is reluctant to patient who should remove his or her own heart to be implanted with total artificial heart. These situations drive the development of implantable bi-ventricular assist device (BVAD). The Korean BVAD was develophed by modifying the moving actuator type Korean artificial heart. This electro-mechanical BVAD comprises actuator including energy converter and reduction gear train, blood sacs, and internal motor and energy controllers. The KAH350 which is named as 'Cactus Pump' is 177mm in length, 164mm in width, and 67mm in thickness including connectors and nuts. The weight and maximum cardiac output of Cactus Pump is 780g and 5L/min, respectively. The Cactus Pump that was developed as BVAD could be used as LVAD by attaching compliance caps on the 2 ports of one ventricle. The animal experiments were undergone 5 times for LVAD, and 6 times for BVAD. The best records were 28 days survival in both applications. There were 3 times of device failure and they were all associated with electrical connection and hermetic sealing. The KAH400 that has improved anatomical fitting characterisitcs and stroke volume is on development.

Heterodigital Free Flap of Index Finger Amputee for Coverage of the Long Finger Soft Tissue Defect - A Case Report -

Hwang, So-Min,Kim, Jang Hyuk,Kim, Hong-Il,Jung, Yong-Hui,Kim, Hyung-Do The Korean Society for Microsurgery 2013 Archives of reconstructive microsurgery Vol.22 No.2

If the replantation on the original position is not possible, the amputated tissue of a hand may be used as a donor for recovering hand functions at other positions. This procedure is termed 'heterodigital replantation'. An 63-year-old male patient who was in press machine accident came to Our Hospital. He had large dorsal soft-tissue defects ($5{\times}3cm$) on his left long finger and complete amputation on his left index finger through the proximal interpharyngeal joint. Replantation was not indicated because crushing injury of index finger was severe. So we decided to use index finger soft tissue as heterodigital free flap for the coverage of the long finger defect. The ulnar digital artery and dorsal subcutaneous vein of the free flap were anastomosed with the radial digital artery and dorsal subcutaneous vein of the long finger. The heterodigital free flap provided satisfactory apperance and functional capability of the long finger. The best way to treat amputation is replantation. But sometimes surgeon confront severely crushed or multi-segmental injured amputee which is not possible to replant. In this situation, reconstructive surgeons should consider heterodigital free flap from amputee as an option.

Soft Tissue Chondroma Presenting as a Dermal Mass in the Toe

Hwang, So Min,Kim, Jang Hyuk,Kim, Min Wook,Jung, Yong Hui,Kim, Hyung Do,Kim, Hong Il,Hwang, Min Kyu Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.3

Differential and cooperative actions of Olig1 and Olig2 transcription factors on immature proliferating cells after contusive spinal cord injury

Kim, Hyuk M.,Hwang, Dong H.,Choi, Jun Young,Park, Chang Hwan,Suh‐,Kim, Haeyoung,Kim, Seung U.,Kim, Byung G. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2011 Glia Vol.59 No.7

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Spontaneous remyelination after spinal cord injury (SCI) is limited probably due to inadequate signaling to generate sufficient OLs from progenitor cells. The present study tested a hypothesis that introduction of <I>olig</I> genes, critical regulators of OL development, into immature proliferating cells could increase oligodendrogenesis after contusive SCI in adult rats. Recombinant retroviruses encoding Olig1 and Olig2 transcription factors, separately or in combination, with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were injected into the injured spinal cord. Unexpectedly, introduction of Olig2‐GFP retroviruses led to a marked hyperplasia of GFP+ cells at 1 week, and soft agar colony forming assay of isolated GFP+ cells confirmed Olig2‐induced tumorous transformation. In contrast, Olig1 did not alter the number of GFP+ cells. Simultaneous expression of Olig1 and Olig2 (Olig1/2) led to a marked increase in the number of GFP+ cells without tumor formation. The proportion of GFP+ cells with OL progenitor markers was increased by Olig1/2. Moreover, Olig1/2 robustly increased the proportion of mature OLs and expression of myelin related proteins, while Olig1 alone exhibited only modest effects. Olig1/2 upregulated Sox10, which drives terminal OL differentiation, implicating Sox 10 as a mediator of Olig1/2 effects on the maturation. Finally, injection of Olig1/2 retroviruses significantly improved a quality of hindpaws locomotion and increased the total number of OLs after SCI. Activation of both Olig1 and Olig2 may be beneficial by both increasing the progenitor cell proliferation and enhancing OL differentiation in the injured spinal cord. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on First-Line Sequential Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

( Hyuk Yoon ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Jaihwan Kim ),( Cheol Min Shin ),( Young Soo Park ),( Jin-hyeok Hwang ),( Jin-wook Kim ),( Sook-hayng Jeong ),( Nayoung Kim ) 대한간학회 2016 Gut and Liver Vol.10 No.4

To evaluate the adjuvant effects of Nacetylcysteine (NAC) on first-line sequential therapy (SQT) for Helicobacter pylori infection. Methods: Patients with H. pylori infections were randomly assigned to receive sequential therapy with (SQT+NAC group, n=49) or without (SQT-only group, n=50) NAC. Sequential therapy consisted of rabeprazole 20 mg and amoxicillin 1 g for the first 5 days, followed by rabeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and metronidazole 500 mg for the remaining 5 days; all drugs were administered twice daily. For the SQT+NAC group, NAC 400 mg bid was added for the first 5 days of sequential therapy. H. pylori eradication was evaluated 4 weeks after the completion of therapy. Results: The eradication rates by intention-totreat analysis were 58.0% in the SQT-only group and 67.3% in the SQT+NAC group (p=0.336). The eradication rates by per-protocol analysis were 70.0% in the SQT-only group and 80.5% in the SQT+NAC group (p=0.274). Compliance was very good in both groups (SQT only/SQT+NAC groups: 95.2%/100%, p=0.494). There was no significant difference in the adverse event rates between groups (SQT-only/ SQT+NAC groups: 26.2%/26.8%, p=0.947). Conclusions: The H. pylori eradication rate was numerically higher in the SQT+NAC group than in the SQT-only group. As our data did not reach statistical significance, larger trials are warranted. (Gut Liver, 2016;10:520-525