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서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1994)
김재홍,안진균,정성재,김영태,김중환,김시영,이석종,이홍렬,서호석,김경훈,권혁진,정우권,고우석,이용석,안필수,오준규,오용섭 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.1
Background : In recent years gonorrhoea has been panendemic and remains one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Method : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae(PPNG), Ive have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1994, 168 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 109 (64,9% ) were PPNG. Conclustion : Our results suggests that the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.
Nd:YAG 레이저의 동작특성에 관한 연구 : 3단 병렬 순차 충·방전 방식 적용 3-mesh parallel sequence charge and discharge method
김희제,홍정환,김병균,박구렬,이동훈,김휘영 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1999 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.56 No.-
펄스형 Nd:YAG 레이저는 가공물질과 쉽게 반응하고, 램프에 의해서 연속발진은 물론 정상발진, Q-스이치 및 모드동기 발진까지 다양한 발진 형태가 가능하며 재료가공 및 계측용으로 널리 사용되어지고 있다. 재료가공에 있어서는 가공목적에 따라 에너지 밀도를 제어하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 에너지 밀도의 제어는 레이저 출력의 펄스반복률을 제어하는 방법이 주로 사용된다. 본 연구에서는 펄스형 Nd:YAG 레이저의 펄스반복률을 제어할 수 있는 3단 병렬 순차 충·방전 방식의 레이저 전원회로를 설계 및 제작하여 반복율에 따른 플래쉬램프의 전류파형 및 레이저 출력의 안정도와 신뢰성을 확인할 수 있었고, 펄스반복율은 30∼150[pps]까지, 30[pps]씩 증가시켰을 경우, 레이저 출력 효율은 약 5% 씩 감소한 반면, 축력은 약 4W 씩 증가하였다. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser interacts with processing materials easily, having different kinds of oscillators, such as CW by lamp, Q-switching, mode locking and so on. A pulsed Nd:YAG laser has been used in a wide variety of fields : measuring, materrial processing, and so on. In a material processing, it's very important to control an energy density according to the processing purpose. It is mainly used to control the energy density to vary pulse repetition rate. In this study, we designed and fabricated the 3-mesh parallel sequency charge and discharge circuit of which the pulse repetition was to be controlled. As increasing a repetition rate, we could find the stability and the reliability of laser output as well as flashlamp current waveform. When increasing a repetition rate from 30 to 150[pps] by 30[pps], we also found that the efficiency of lase output decreased by about 5%, while the output increased by about 4W.
젖소 말초혈액 림프구로부터 소백혈병 바이러스 배양 및 전자현미경적 관찰
윤순식,박중원,변재원,강문일,유한상,한홍율 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2005 Applied microscopy Vol.35 No.1
국내 젖소의 54.2%가 BLV에 감염되어 있지만 현재까지 국내에서는 소백혈병 바이러스 (BLV) 입자를 확인한 연구 보고가 없기 때문에 BLV 항체 양성 소의 말초혈액림프구를 배양, BLV를 발현시켜 전자현미경으로 바이러스 입자를 검출하였고 배양조건에 따른 바이러스 발현율 및 발현 시간을 비교하였다. 검사 결과 전형적인 C-형 바이러스를 확인할 수 있었으며 BLV 단크론 항체를 이용한 면역염색결과 BLV 항원 양성으로 확인되었다. BLV 는 대부분 세포 외부에 분포하고 있었으며 세포질 막에서 생성, 발아되어 나오는 것도 관찰되었다. 전체 바이러스의 크기는 90~100 nm였으며 nucleocapsid는 40~60nm였다. 소태아혈청 (FBS)과 T- 및 B-림프구 분열촉진물질(mitogen)을 각각 첨가하여 배양한 결과 두 군 모두에서 BLV 발현이 확인되었다. Lipopolysaccharide 첨가군은 배양 12시간, Conconavalin A 첨가군은 배양 24시간에 각각 림프구의 10%에서 바이러스가 관찰되었다. 또한 FBS만 첨가한 군과 FBS와 mitogen을 모두 첨가하지 않은 군에서도 관찰되었으나 바이러스의 수는 적었다. 본 연구에서 확립된 BLV 배양 기법을 활용하면 BLV에 감염된 소 중 바이러스를 발현하는 소, 즉 전파능이 있는 개체를 찾아내어 우선적으로 도태할 수 있기 때문에 BLV 감염으로 인한 피해를 막는데 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Many studies have been performed on the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) since bovine leukosis had been reported in 1968 in Korea. However, there was no report on the ultrastructural examination of BLV. An attempt to detect C-type viral particles in the cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle, was made to determine whether in vitro viral expression might be used as a reliable method to identify the cow which is likely to transmit BLV. In transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination, the virus particles were found predominantly outside of the lymphocytes even though a few particles were also observed within the membrane bound cytoplasmic vacuoles. All of them were C-type particles consisting of a central, electron-dense core separated by a clear area from a limiting envelope with a unit membrane structure. Virus particles were easily detected in the lymphocyte which was cultured with medium supplemented with either T-lymphocyte mitogen (conconavalin A) or B-lymphocyte mitogen (lipopolysaccharide). Identical viral particles, although fewer, were also consistently present in the lymphocytes cultured with medium which was containing foetal bovine serum (FBS) only and which was containing neither FBS or mitogen. By contrast, no virus particle was detected in extensive examination of lymphocytes before culture. In conclusion, the BLV cultivation and detection methods established in this study could be used as a tool to identify and eliminate the cattle which can transmit the BLV.
Colonoscopy learning curves for colorectal surgery fellow trainees
Jung Ryul Oh,Kyung Su Han,Chang Won Hong,Byung Chang Kim,Bun Kim,Sung Chan Park,Min Jung Kim,Sang Jae Lee,Jae Hwan Oh,Changha Shin,Dae Kyung Sohn 대한외과학회 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.95 No.4
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the learning curves for colorectal surgery fellows in a colonoscopy training program. Methods: Between May 2003 and February 2017, 60 surgical fellows joined our 1-year colonoscopy training program as trainees and performed 43,784 cases of colonoscopy. All trainees recorded their colonoscopy experiences prospectively into the database. After excluding 6 trainees, who had experience with performing more than 50 colonoscopies before participating in our training program or who discontinued our training program with experience performing less than 300 colonoscopies, this study included 54 trainees who had performed 39,539 colonoscopy cases. We analyzed the cecal intubation rate (CIR) and cecal intubation time (CIT) using the cumulative sum (Cusum) technique and moving average method to assess the technical colonoscopy competence. Results: Overall, the CIR by the trainees was 80.7%. The median number of cases of colonoscopy performed during the training period for each trainee was 696 (range, 322–1,669). The trainees were able to achieve a 90% CIR with 412 and 493 procedures when analyzed using the moving average and the Cusum, respectively. Using the moving average method, CIRs after 150, 300, and 400 procedures were 67.0%, 84.1%, and 89.2%, respectively. The CIT of trainees continuously decreased until 400 successful cases. Median CITs were 9.4, 8.3, and 7.4 minutes at 150, 300, and 400 successful cases, respectively. Conclusion: We found that more than 400 cases of experience were needed for technical competence in colonoscopy. Continuous teaching and monitoring is required until trainees become sufficiently competent.
Microfabricated platforms to modulate and monitor T cell synapse assembly.
Jung, Hong-Ryul,Choi, Jong-Cheol,Cho, Wonhwa,Doh, Junsang John Wiley Sons 2013 Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and Vol.5 No.1
<P>Immunological synapse (IS) is a complex supramolecular structure formed at the interface between T cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs) during T cell antigen recognition. Microfabricated platforms have made great contributions to our understanding of the assembly dynamics and functional roles of the T cell synapses over the last decade. Here, we review three different types of microfabricated platforms developed to modulate and monitor the T cell synapse assembly. Firstly, multi-protein micropatterned surfaces presenting key ligands for T cell activation that can modulate the spatial distribution of receptors/signaling molecules in T cell synapses are described. Secondly, micropatterned supported bilayers that can modulate the dynamics of T cell receptor (TCR) microclusters are introduced. Lastly, T-APC pair arrays that allow for improved fluorescence live cell imaging are discussed.</P>
한국과 일본종합상사의 기업지배구조와 내부통제시스템 비교연구
정홍주(Jung, Hong Joo),정문경(Jung, Moon Kyung),김양렬(Kim, Yang Ryul) 한국무역상무학회 2009 貿易商務硏究 Vol.41 No.-
This paper aims to find the differences between the trading company of Korea and Japan, by analyzing the development history of Corporate Governance and Internal Control System in Korea and Japan. And this paper studies about that on the legal site. A corporate governance has the tremendous influence on the value of the company, and a company's system of internal control has a key role in the management of risks that are significant to the fulfillment of its business objectives. On the other hand, many companies in the every industry have suffered several times from fatal loss or damage resulted from miss or malfeasance late in the 20th century. And the result of that, starting the Sarbanese-Oxley Act in America, a government established the financial laws and corporate laws in the a lot of countries including Korea and Japan. Japanese trading companies tend to be taking a serious view of internal control more than corporate governance against Korean trading companies. But this not means that Japanese are superior to Korean. The most important thing is the fact that Korean trading companies have to spend enough time finding suitable system of corporate governance and internal control as Japanese trading companies did.
언리얼 엔진을 이용한 다개체 주행 로봇용 시뮬레이터 개발
정홍렬(Hong-ryul Jung),박영제(Yeongje Park),문형필(Hyungpil Moon) 대한기계학회 2019 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11
Multi-robot system is an essential part of the research of intelligent logistics. But experiments of them in the real world require enough space and are very expensive. Therefore, simulation is necessary. Besides, it takes much time to build a virtual world for experiments of multiple robots, so it is required to have a tool for fast environment construction. This paper proposes a program structure, suitable for the simulation of a multi-agent system, and the design of the JSON file to define environments. General-purpose robotic simulators are challenging to construct large scale visually rich environments. Therefore, we implemented a simulator with the proposed structure using the Unreal Engine. The proposed simulator will aid in the study of multiple mobile robots by reducing the time to build an environment and providing photorealistic simulations.