Study on Aging Effect of Adhesion Strength Between Polyimide Film and Copper Layer

Seok‑Bon Koo,Chang‑Myeon Lee,Sang‑Jun Kwon,Jun‑Mi Jeon,Jin‑young Hur,Hong‑Kee Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.1

This paper experimentally confirmed that the adhesion strength of the copper layer formed on the surface of the polyimidefilm by wet plating greatly changes with the aging time. The adhesion strength of the copper layer showed a rapid increasefrom 4 to 10 h after aging had begun and then converged to a value without a significant change. The adhesion enhancementbetween polyimide film and copper layer by aging is due to the interlocking effect caused by the volume expansion of copperoxide (CuO) formed in the polyimide, the increased mobility of copper particles enlarged by the decrease of impuritiesin the copper layer grain boundaries, and the consequent change of the crystal structure of the copper layer leading to theinternal stress reduction. Such adhesion improvement can be confirmed by the progress of the cohesive failure indicatingthe breakdown of the polyimide film.

지형정보시스템을 이용한 임도노선의 선정에 관한 연구

全權石,麻鎬燮 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2002 농업생명과학연구 Vol.36 No.2

임도망의 종합적인 계획을 위하여 지형정보시스템을 이용하여 경남 남해군에 위치한 금산주변의 국유림을 대상으로 몇가지 노선선정 기준에 따라 임도노선을 선정 하였다. 종단물매를 고려하여 임도망을 계획한 결과, 총연장 및 임도밀도는 20.41㎞, 6.92m/ha로 나타났으며, 일부구간의 노선이 대상지역의 경계영역과 인접하게 선정되어져 임업적 측면에서는 그 효율성이 떨어지는 경향이었다. 종단물매만을 고려한 임도망의경우 최소비용경로에 의한 격자별 누적비용은 10구역으로 구분되었으며, 이때 최고 누적비용은 종단물매만을 고려한 결과 22,548의 값을 가졌다. 비용에 의해 선정되어진 임도망을 1노선과 7노선은 시험림 3임반의 경계점에서 중복으로 노선이 선정되었으며, 중복선정된 2노선의 연장은 2.72㎞로 나타났다. 그리고 4노선과 5노선에서도 0.8㎞가 중복 선정되어 총 중복된 연장거리는 3.52㎞로서 다소 높게 나타났다. 구조적인 측면의 종단몰매와 생산적인 측면의 투자효과를 최대화하기 위하여 이들을 조합하여 노선을 계획한 결과 총연장 및 임도밀도는 21.15㎞, 7.17m/ha로서 구조적인 측면의 임도망 계획결과에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 종단물매와 임목축적을 고려한 임도망의 경우 최소 비용경로에 의한 격자별 누적비용은 9구역으로 구분되 이때 최고누적비용은 55.065의 값을 가졌다. 비용에 의해 선정되어진 임도망의 분석결과 3노선과 7노선은 3임반에서 일부구간이 중복선정되어 중복된 2노선의 연장은 0.95㎞이다. 그리고 4노선과 5노선에서도 구조적인 경우의 대안임도와 마찬가지로 0.8㎞가 중복 선정되어 총 중복된 연장거리는 1.73㎞로 나타났다. GIS 기법에 의한 임도망의 계획은 각 대안별 평가를 통하여 최종 의사결정자가 최적의 임도망을 선택할 수 있는 의사결정지원체계로서 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있는 것으로 평가된다. The purpose of this study is to suggest the proper method for planning an optimal forest road network in mountains forest using geographic information system (GIS) in the National Forest of Mt. Kumsan at Namhae-gun, Gyungsangnam-do. In the forest road network planning by the minimum longitudinal gradient, The total length was 20.41 km, and road density was 6.94m/ha. Some of road alignment selected in out-line of study area. So, it appeared that forest road have a low effectiveness in yarding function. The division area of mesh by accumulative cost divide into 10 area. The maximum value by cost path was 22,548. The road length overlapped by cost path was more long than that of mixed with the minimum longitudinal gradient and the maximization of investment effect as 3.52 km. In the forest road network planning by mixed with the minimum longitudinal gradient and the maximization of investment effect, The total length was 21.15 km, and road density was higher than that of the minimum longitudinal gradient as 7.17m/ha. The some of forest road selected in out-line of study area. The division area of mesh by accumulative cost divide into 9 areas. The minimum vlue by cost path was 55,065. The road length overlapped by cost path was more short than that of the minimum longitudinal gradient as 1.73 km. So, it appeared that forest road has an high effectiveness in yarding function. Therefore, it was considered that the GIS could provide an effective and reasonable solutions for planning of optimal forest road network.

성균관대학교 멀티미디어 원격교육 시스템(배움 한마당) 개발에 관한 연구

김석수,권해문,이상권,김상진,전진호,황대준 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.1

We propose SKKU Multimedia Distance Education System for distance education between nature science campus(Suwon) and social science campus(Seoul) in Sung Kyun Kwan University on DooRae (Distributed Object Oriented Multimedia Application Crafting Environment for Collaboration) framework (or platform). We support ONE : N study mode for a group lecture and discussion between two campus, and also we support mediation for floor mode of a group lecture and brain storming for floor mode of discussion. The communication portocol of this system is composed of TCP/IP and UDP, and the network type is composed of WAN(El line)for between the Suwon campus and Seoul campus, ATM LAN for each campus(local site). And, this system supports the application development of the collaborative multimedia environment connected with the various network in the CBM (Computer based Multimedia) based. Also, it does not restrict on space between a teacher(s) and a student(s) into cyberspace which made by network. This system has an interaction, late comer, a question and an answer, multi-session, application sharing and whiteboard which resembles chalkboard. Also, various supplementary functions such as video conference and voice conference for this system are what makes face-to-face education effective. Also it supports real or non-real type. The operation system developed on windows 95.

폐경기 여성에서 호르몬 대치 요법시 병행 투여된 프로제스토젠 투여 방법에 따른 혈청 지질 및 지단백에 미치는 영향

이임순,전섭,이순곤,이해혁,이권해,정집광,이석민 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.1

Objective : The purpose of our study is to evaluate the effect of different administration method of progestogen on lipid profiles including total cholesterol, LDL(low density lipoprotein)-cholesterol, HDL(high density lipoprotein)-cholesterol, triglycerides during hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Methods and Materials : Seventy-one postmenopausal women who were assigned to following groups (Group I : conjugated equine estrogen(CEE), 0.625 mg/day plus continuous medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), 2.5mg/day, Group II : CEE, 0.625 mg/day plus cyclic MPA, 5mg/day for 12days/month. And we measured serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and triglycerides before hormone replacement therapy(HRT) and 12 months later after hormone replacement therapy. Results: 1. Total cholesterol decreased in group I,III. 2. HDL-cholesterol increased in group I,II,III. 3. LDL-cholesterol decrease in group I,II. 4. Triglycerides increased in group I,II,III. There was significance in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholestrerol among three groups. Conclusions : Estrogen alone or in combination with progestogen both in cyclic and continuous use improves lipid profiles, so medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA) does not seem to blunt estrogenic effect on lipid profiles.

Effect of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitory Peptide Purified from Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Styela plicata

Seok-Chun Ko,Min Cheol Kang,Jung-Kwon Lee,Hee-Guk Byun,Se-Kwon Kim,Seung-Cheol Lee,Byong-Tae Jeon,Pyo-Jam Park,Won-Kyo Jung,You-Jin Jeon 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2011 No.10

Enhanced sensitivity of distributed-temperature sensor with Al-coated fiber based on OFDR

Kwon, Yong-seok,Naeem, Khurram,Jeon, Min Yong,Kwon, Il-Bum Elsevier 2019 Optical fiber technology Vol.48 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, we present a distributed-optical fiber temperature sensor with enhanced sensitivity with Al coating using the Rayleigh backscattering (RBS) spectrum shift measured via optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR). The Al-coated sensing fiber having a larger thermal expansion coefficient than that of silica produces a strain-coupled shift in the RBS under an increase in temperature. This effect leads to an enhanced temperature sensitivity of the distributed measurement scheme. In order to analyze the principle of temperature sensitivity enhancement, a simple analysis was performed by considering the fiber directional strain and force equilibrium between the optical fiber and Al-coated layer. Our results revealed that the temperature sensitivity achieved with the Al-coated fiber in OFDR was ∼56% higher relative to that of a single-mode fiber.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Distributed temperature fiber optic sensor based on OFDR using Al-coated sensing fiber is demonstrated. </LI> <LI> Enhanced temperature sensitivity and resolution has been achieved. </LI> <LI> Minimum measurable temperature recorded was 1 °C with a spatial resolution of 5 cm. </LI> </UL> </P>

소나무림 숲가꾸기 종류가 소나무재선충병의 제어에 미치는 영향

전권석 ( Kwon Seok Jeon ),김철수 ( Chul Su Kim ),박남창 ( Nam Chang Park ),허태철 ( Tae Chul Hur ),홍성천 ( Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.2

소나무재선충병 방제법 중 임업적 방제법을 개발하기 위한 일환으로 위생간벌, 간벌, 어린소나무 가꾸기가 소나무재선충병의 제어에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 야외 그물망 케이지에 소나무재선충을 보유한 솔수염하늘소를 방사하였다. 대조구, 위생간벌, 간벌 처리구 모두에서 공시목의 50% 이상이 고사되었으며, 처리구 간에는 유의성이 나타나지 않았다. 그리고 처리구 내 방치한 숲가꾸기 산물이 소나무재선충병을 확산시키는 촉매제로 작용하였다. 어린 소나무림 가꾸기의 경우 산물을 방치한 처리구가 공시목의 고사율이 90% 이상으로 가장 높았으며, 산물을 케이지 밖으로 들어낸 처리구와 숲가꾸기를 하지 않고 솔수염하늘소의 성충을 방사한 처리구에서는 10% 내외의 고사율을 나타내었다. 솔수염하늘소 우화 당년도인 4월에 위생간벌, 간벌을 실행한 장령목의 벌근에서는 솔수염하늘소의 유충이 출현하지 않았으나, 솔수염하늘소의 우화 당년도인 5월에 숲가꾸기 한 어린나무의 벌근에서는 유충이 출현하였다. 본 실험 결과, 장령 소나무림과 어린소나무림 내에 소나무재선충병이 만연하고 있는 임분의 경우 솔수염하늘소의 우화 당년도인 4월과 5월에 실행한 숲가꾸기는 소나무재선충병의 제어에 아무런 효과가 없었으며 방치한 숲가꾸기 산물은 오히려 소나무 재선충병을 확산시키는 촉매제로 작용하였다. This study was conducted to investigate the effect on pine wilt disease by health-thinning, thinning and sapling tending in red pine forest (Pinus densiflora). As a part of developing forestry control methods for pine wilt disease control. In case of putting in pine sawyer (Monochamus alternatus) with pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), the specimen trees in health-thinning, thinning and control treatment were withered more than 50%, although there were not statistically significant differences in treatments. In treatment site, thinning slashes had influenced on the spread of pine wilt disease (experiment 1). In thinning stand of sapling pine, site with thinning slashes had highest mortality (> 90%). There were approximately 10% mortality in the site of carried thinning slashes from case and the site of non-thinning with released M. alternatus (experiment 2). The larvae had not appeared in young tree stump with health-thinning and thinning at April, the current emergence year of M. alternatus, but there were larvae in sapling tree stump with thinning at May, the current emergence year of M. alternatus. In case of stands with infected young and sapling tree by pine wilt disease, there is no effects of on pine wilt disease control by health-thinning, thinning, saplings tending at April and May, the current emergence year of M. alternatus, and leaved thinning slashes had influenced on the spread of pine wilt disease as habitation of M. alternatus.

솔수염하늘소 제어를 위한 소나무림 숲가꾸기의 하한(下限)시기 구명

전권석 ( Kwon Seok Jeon ),박남창 ( Nam Chang Park ),윤희탁 ( Hee Tak Yoon ),홍성천 ( Sung Cheon Hong ) 한국임학회 2011 한국산림과학회지 Vol.100 No.3

소나무재선충병의 방제법 중 임업적 방제법을 개발하기 위한 일환으로 소나무재선충의 매개충인 솔수염하늘소가 서식처로 이용할 수 없는 소나무림 숲가꾸기의 하한(下限)시기를 구명하기 위하여 2010년 2월 국립산림과학원 남부산림연구소 진주시험림에 야외그물망 케이지(크기 1 m×1 m×1 m)를 7개 설치하였다. 각 케이지 내에 시기별 숲가꾸기 산물(길이 1.0 m, 직경 5~10 cm)을 5~10개씩 투입한 후 솔수염하늘소의 성충 4~6쌍을 방사하여 후식시켰다. 2010년 11월 각 시료목에 출현한 유충 침입공과 유충서식유무를 조사한 바, 숲가꾸기 시기로부터 성충방사시기 까지 24개월, 18개월, 12개월, 6개월 된 산물을 한 케이지 내에 함께 넣은 경우(처리 1)에는 유충 침입공은 12개월된 산물까지 출현하였으나 유충은 6개월 된 산물에서만 출현하였다. 24개월, 18개월, 15개월, 12개월 된 시료목을 한케이지 내에 함께 넣은 경우(처리 2)에는 유충 침입공은 18개월 된 산물까지 출현하였으나 유충은 12개월 된 산물에서만 출현하였다. 그리고 24개월, 18개월, 15개월, 12개월, 6개월 된 산물을 각 케이지 내에 독립적으로 넣은 후 건조, 습윤구로 구분하여 처리한 경우(처리 3)에는 건조구와 습윤구 모두에서 유충 침입공은 18개월, 15개월, 12개월, 6개월된 산물에서 출현하였으나 유충은 건조구에서는 15개월, 12개월, 6개월 된 산물에서 출현하였고 습윤구에서는 6개월 된 산물에서만 출현하였다. 이상의 제 결과로써 숲가꾸기한 후 24개월이 경과한 산물은 솔수염하늘소의 서식 처로 이용되지 않는 것으로 사료된다. Field Cage plots (1 m×1 m×1 m) were established (7 units) to find the lowest limit time about the tending of red pine forest (Pinus densiflora) which can no longer be used as a habitat by Monochamus alternatus, vector insect of pine wilt disease at the experimental forest of the southern forest research center of the Korea forest research institute in February in 2010. Thinning slashes (length, 1 m; diameter, 5~10 cm) tended at the different times were put in cages, and 4~6 couples of adult M. alternatus were put into each the cage in June. Presence or absence the larval entrance holes and larval were determined in November in 2010. Incase of the combination 24, 18, 12 and 6-month-old thinning slashes from thinning times to the time of adult emergence inside a single cage, larval entrance holes were found in the 6-month-old and 12-month-old thinning slashes but larvae were found only in the 6-month-old thinning slashes (treatment 1). In case of the combination 24, 18, 15 and 12-month-old thinning slashes inside a single cage, larval entrance holes were found in the 15-month-old and 12-month-old thinning slashes but larvae were found only in the 12-month-old (treatment 2). When 24, 18, 15, 12 and 6-month-old thinning slashes with treated dry and humid condition were put separately inside each cage, larval entrance holes were found in the 18, 15, 12, 6-month-old thinning slashes without the relation of the dry and humid conditions. But larvae were found in the 15, 12, 6-month-old thinning slashes in the dry conditions and only in the 6-month-old thinning slashes in the humid conditions. Results indicated the lowest limit time which can no longer be used as a habitat by M. alternatus is before 24 month from the time of adult emergence.

GIS를 이용한 대안별 임도노망의 계획에 관한 연구

전권석(Jeon Kwon-Seok) 대한공간정보학회 2003 대한공간정보학회지 Vol.11 No.1

벌출작업 기종의 선정을 위한 GIS 활용

전권석 ( Kwon Seok Jeon ),마호섭 ( Ho Seop Ma ) 한국지리정보학회 2003 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.6 No.1

지리정보시스템(GIS)에 의하여 구축되어진 수치지형모델(DTM)을 이용하여 경상남도 남해군 금산의 국유림(2.948ha)을 대상으로 지형분석을 실시한 후, 현재 우리나라에서 보유하고 있는 벌출 작업기계 3기종을 선택하여 삼림경영계획의 측면에서 지형별 투입가능한 산림작업기계의 영역을 분류하고 적용성을 검토하였다. 금산의 표고는 201~250 m (15.5%), 251~300 m(14.5%)의 순으로 분포하였으며 400 m까지의 누적 면적점유율은 78.7%로서 비교적 표고가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 대상임분, 작업규모, 경사 및 지형에 따른 차량계 벌출작업기계의 투입가능한 지역(경사 30% 이하)은 17.2%(511.7ha)였으며, 원치부착 차량계 벌출작업기계의 투입가능한 지역(경사 31~60%)은 63.8%(1,896.3ha)였고, 가선계가 가능한 지역(경사 61~80%)은 18.4% (545.5ha)로 나타났다. 본 지역의 경우 중경사지형의 점유율이 81.0%로서 집재기종 중 트랙터부착 집재기(Logging Boogie)의 사용이 적절하다고 판단되며, 이는 향후 대상지역의 산림작업 계획시 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 임목 수확작업에 필요한 기계의 이용계획과 작업방법을 선정할 경우에는 지형, 임도망, 임상, 작업규모, 노동력과 작업기술, 기계 및 자본력 등 많은 인자들이 중요한 결정요인이지만 무엇보다도 지형적인 요소가 가장 중요한 요인이다. 특히, 지형정보시스템을 이용하여 집재지형을 분류하면 산지사면의 경사길이와 경사도에 따라 벌출작업이 가능한 대표기종의 선정에 많은 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다. This study was aimed at suggest a proper logging method of mountain forest using geographic information system(GIS) based on digital terrain model(DTM) in the National Forest at Mt. Kumsan in Namhae-gun, Gyungsangnam-do, which has about 2,948 ha in area. The areal percentage of 201 to 250m in the elevation was about 15.5%, elevation of 251 to 300 was 14.5%, and 78.75% for higher than 400m. The accumulated areal percentage of below 30% in the gradient was 17.2%, and 81.0% for steeper than 60%. The area for trator skidding was 17.2%(511.7ha), the area for tractor attached winch skidding was 63.8%(1,896.3ha) and 18.4% (545.5ha) for cable yarding. It is important to choose the proper logging machines for timber harvesting. In general, the selection of logging operation system was affected several major environmental factors like as terrain conditions(slope gradient, slope length) and stand factors. The rate of middle slope gradients in terrain conditions showed higher than that of steep slope gradients in this area. Therefore, it considered that the logging operation system in this area could apply to tractor+winch operation machine according to terrain conditions.