복강경 충수 돌기 절제술과 개복 충수 돌기 절제술의 비교

천승희,민석기,이현국,한운섭 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2004 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.27 No.1

목적 : 복강경 충수절제술을 시행한 환자군과 개복 충수 절제술을 시행한 환자군을 대상으로 입원 기간, 수술 시간, 합병증, 병리학적 진단, 수술 후 진통제 사용 횟수 등을 비교 분석하여 복강경 충수 절제술의 임상적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2001년 3월부터 2004년 6월까지 이화 여자 대학교 의과대학 부속 목동 병원 외과에서 복강경 충수 절제술을 시행한 57예와 개복 충수 절제술을 시행한 1193예를 대상으로 하였다. 개복 충수 절제술 1193예 중 무작위로 61예를 추출하여 복강경 충수 제절술 시행군과 연령 및 성별, 수술 시간, 술 후 합병증, 술 후 통증, 입원기간 등을 의무 기록을 이용하여 후향적으로 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 복강경 절제술과 개복 절제술간 연령대 별로 큰 차이는 보이지 않았으나 20대 이전의 연령층에서는 복강경 절제술에 비해 개복 절재술이 많았고 20~30대의 젊은 연령층에서는 복강경 수술이 더 많이 시행되었으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 남자에서는 개복 절세술 군이 많았고, 여자의 경우는 복강경 절제술이 많았으나 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 수술 시간의 겨이우 복강경 절제군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았고 입원 기간의 경우 복강경 절제군에서 더 짧은 것으로 나타났으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 가스 배출과 유동식 섭취 시작까지의 기간은 복강경 절제군에서 더 짧은 것으로 나타났으나 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 술 후 진통제 투여 횟수는 복강경 절제군에서 오히려 더 많았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 술 후 합병증은 복강경 절제군에 비해 개복 절제군에서 많았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 복강경 절제군에 비해 개복 절제군에서 천공성 충수염의 빈도가 높았으나 통계학적 의의는 없었다. 결론 : 복강경 충수 절제술은 개복 충수 절제술과 비교하여 수술 시간 이외에는 차이가 없었으며, 오히려 회복이 빠른 경향을 나타내고, 미용적으로 우수하였다. 그러므로, 최소 침습 수술의 한 방법으로 충수 절제술에 대한 치료에서 선택적인 환자에 있어서는 유용하고 안전한 수술 방법이라고 생각한다. Objective : The purpose of study is to compare the laparoscopic appendectomy with the open appendectomy in the clinical outcomes. Methods : From March 2001 to June 204, a total 118 appendectomy were retrospectively reviewed. These were comprised of 57 laparoscopic appendectomy (LA), and 61 open appendectomy (OA) selected by random method among 1193 poen appendectomy cases during same period. Hospital stay, length of operation times, recovery of bowel function, postoperative complication, postoperative pain, pathologic classification were compared in both groups. Results : The operation times were 68.6 minutes (LA) and 51.6 minutes (OA), respectively (p=0.021). There no statistical differences in the duration of hospital stay, recovery of bowel function, complication rate, although LA group trend the shorter duration of the hospital stay, faster recovery of bowel function and low rarte of complication than OA group. The patient's satisfaction was higher in LA group than OA because of the operation wound scar. Conclusions : The LA was no difference clinical outcomes except operation time as compared with OA. LA, however, may be have the merit of minimal invasive surgery and satisfaction of patient. So, LA method is attractive option for the management of appendicitis.

국내 주개류의 질적 특성에 관한 연구

민달기,전승렬,정연규,이병찬 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1993 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

The Waste generated in Korea have three main distinctive features such as heavy generation, highly portion of briquette ash and organic fraction of municipal solid waste(OFMSW). The management of wastes is confined into simple landfill, and furthermore the suitable landfilling site is subject to restriction. Therefore, Korea government has serious excutive problems to manage the wastes. The establishment of data-base and the evaluation of the characteristics about wastes should be done before any affair. Therefore, in this study, such characteristics as OFMSW form, cooking condition, three composition, density, element analysis, and heating value were evaluated. According to the results of this study, generated from domestic kitchen have vegetable waste more than half of total kitchen wastes, and is characterized by high moisture content, low heating value. In addition, it was found that the improvement of food distribution system and meal preparation program would be the most powerful method to reduce the wastes, and reducing the moisture content from the wastes could make the cost of the wastes management cheaper.

과민성 대장증후군에서 Fenoverine(Fexadin^(�))의 임상효과

김영건,성자원,김병호,이기천,허승식,정현용,이헌영 최신의학사 1992 最新醫學 Vol.35 No.4

급성심근경색증을 가진 한국인에 있어 Chlamydia Pneumoniae 감염의 영향에 대한 연구

이은미,오동주,황교승,안정천,송우혁,임도선,박창규,김영훈,서홍석,심완주,노영무,정희진,김우주,김종헌,송기준 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

Sensitivity and Photosynthetic Response of Indoor Plant Species to Ozone Exposure Duration

Seung-Il Jung,Sin-Ae Park,Min-Ji Kim,Ki-Cheol Son,Pan-Gi Kim,Jae-Cheon Lee,Stanley John Kays 한국원예학회 2010 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.51 No.5

This study was conducted to determine the effect of ozone in eight species of indoor foliage plants (Cissus rhombifolia Vahl, Hedera helix L., Spathiphyllum wallisii Regel, Syngonium podophyllum Schott ‘Albo-Virens’, Dieffenbachia ‘Marrianne’, Ficus benjamina L. ‘Hawaii’, Pachira aquatica Aubl., and Scindapsus aureus Engler) in relation to their sensitivity and physiological responses. The indoor plants grown under controlled environment chambers were exposed to 120 ppb ozone which is typically found in indoor conditions for 2, 4, or 8 hr/d for 25 d. Of the eight foliage plants, only Cissus rhombifolia displayed distinct foliar injuries within a few days after initial exposure. The severeness of the symptoms such as leaf necrosis and distortion of mesophyll cells was positively correlated with ozone treatment period. No significant differences were observed in the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) between control plants and ozone treated plants. Ozone treatment resulted in significant decreases in photosynthetic rate in Cissus rhombifolia, Dieffenbachia, Pachira aquatica, and Scindapsus aureus. There were significant differences in carbon fixation among the indoor plants used in this study, Dieffenbachia, and Pachira aquatica had ozone tolerant carbon fixation systems that did not exhibit changes in photosynthetic rate with increasing CO2 concentration. Cissus rhombifolia was considered the most sensitive species to ozone among the eight foliage plants due to severe visual injury Dieffenbachia, Pachira aquatica, and Scindapsus aureus were classified as ozone sensitive species due to their inhibition of photosynthesis by ozone. The remaining species (Spathiphyllum wallisii, Ficus benjamina and Hedera helix) were more tolerant to ozone and thereby potentially better suited for indoor air phytoremediation.

Physiological Response and Purification Efficiency of Indoor Plants Exposed to Ozone

Seung-Il Jung,Min-Ji Kim,Ki-Cheol Son,Pan-Gi Kim,Jae-Cheon Lee,Stanley J. Kays 한국원예학회 2007 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.48 No.3

The effects of ozone on indoor foliage plants and their ozone removal efficiency were studied. Cissus rhombifolia Vahl, Hedera helix L., Spathiphyllum wallisii Regel, and Syngonium podophyllum Schott ‘Albo-Virens’ were exposed to 120 nLㆍL?¹ ozone for 2, 4, or 8 hㆍday?¹ for 25 days in walk-in growth chambers. Changes in stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO₂ concentration were monitored throughout the light and dark periods (13/11 h) and photosynthesis and respiration during the light and dark, respectively. The injury caused by ozone and the plant’s potential for and extent of recovery varied among species. In C. rhombifolia and S. wallisii plants exposed to ozone for 8 h-day ‘, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and ozone uptake decreased throughout the 25-day treatment period. The photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and ozone uptake rate of H. helix and S. podophyllum initially decreased (through day 7), but then began to recover though never reaching pre-exposure levels. Cumulative ozone uptake rate was highest in S. wallisii. Uptake rate at day 25 decreased as the daily exposure time increased. Ozone uptake by C. rhombifolia and S. aureus was significantly reduced when exposed to ozone for 8 hㆍday?¹ compared with the 2 hㆍday?¹ exposure. Ozone tolerant species had higher uptake rates. The results indicate that while plants remove environmental ozone at a significant rate, they sustain injury during the process. The extent of the injury and the plant’s ability to adapt vary with species, length of daily exposure, and duration of exposure. Photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance provide a means in which the adverse effect of ozone on plants can be monitored.

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Single Center Experience

( Ki Sun Bae ),( Hyeong Cheon Park ),( Byung Seung Kang ),( Jong Won Park ),( Nu Ri Chon ),( Kyung Jin Oh ),( Young Won Yoon ),( You Sun Hong ),( Sung Kyu Ha ) 대한내과학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.22 No.3

Background: Patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and coronary artery disease (CAD) represent a subset of patients with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The optimal revascularization strategy using either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of PCI to CABG in DN patients with CAD. Methods: The clinical and angiographic records of DN patients with CAD who underwent either CABG (n=52) or PCI (n=48) were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups except for the severity of the CAD. At 30 days, the death rate (PCI: 2.1% vs. CABG: 9.6%, p=0.21) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rate (PCI: 2.1 % vs. CABG: 9.6%, p=0.21) were similar in comparisons between the PCI and CABG groups. At three years, the death rate (PCI: 18.8% vs. CABG: 19.2%, p=0.94) was similar between the PCI and CABG groups but the MACE rate (PCI: 47.9% vs. CABG: 21.2%, p=0.006) was higher in the PCI group compared to the CABG group. In addition, the repeat revascularization rate was higher in the PCI group compared to the CABG group (PCI: 12.5% vs. CABG: 1.9%, p=0.046). Conclusions: The CABG procedure was associated with a lower incidence of MACE and repeat revascularization for up to three years of follow-up in DN patients with CAD. However, the overall survival rate was similar in the CABG and PCI groups. Therefore, CABG may be superior to PCI with regard to MACE and repeat revascularization.

Apoptotic Effects of Sipimikwanjung-tang of Sasang Constitutional Medicine in Human Hepatoblastoma Cells

Seung-Yun Song,Young-Chun Bae,Sang-Min Lee,Kyung-Yo Kim,Jong-Cheon Joo,Ki-Duk Ko,Soo-Jeong Park,Kyung-Sung Lee,Yong-Seok Choi,Jong-Yeol Kim 대한한의학회 2005 대한한의학회지 Vol.26 No.1

The association of disease activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and neurotrophic factors with depression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Cheon, Yun-Hong,Lee, Seung-Geun,Kim, Mingyo,Kim, Hyun-Ok,Sun Suh, Young,Park, Ki-Soo,Kim, Rock Bum,Yang, Hyun-Su,Kim, Ji-Min,Son, Chang-Nam,Kyoung Park, Eun,Kim, Sang-Hyon,Lee, Sang-Il Elsevier 2018 Brain, behavior, and immunity Vol.73 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammation and trophic factors (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], vascular endothelial growth factor, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and insulin-like growth factor-1) are associated with depression in the general population. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic representative inflammatory autoimmune disease; however, the association of disease activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and neurotrophic factors with depression has not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, we determined the prevalence of depression and risk factors for depression and deterioration of depressive symptoms in RA patients. In addition, we analyzed the association between disease activity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, trophic factors, and depression in RA (N = 474). Demographic and laboratory data were examined, and routine assessment of patient index data 3 (RAPID 3) and disease activity score 28-joint count C-reactive protein (DAS 28-CRP) was performed to assess disease activity of RA. Depression was measured using the Korean version of the Beck Depression Inventory-second edition (K-BDI II). A K-BDI score ≥18 was considered the cut-off for depression in accordance with a previous validation study. The serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophic factors was assessed by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. The prevalence of depression was 32.4% in patients with RA. The severity of disease activity of RA (RAPID 3 score [OR 2.34; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.22–4.51], DAS 28-CRP [≥3.2] [OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.01–2.53]) and severity of fatigue (OR 1.26 95% CI 1.15–1.38) were associated with depression and deterioration of depressive symptoms in the multivariate analysis. Among the components of RAPID 3 and DAS 28-CRP, patient assessment for global health and abilities for daily performance were more related to depression. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-alpha) was not related to depression. The level of BDNF was significantly lower in RA patients with depression and was negatively correlated with K-BDI II score. Depression was related with the level of fatigue, low expression of BDNF, and high RA disease activity, which was associated with impaired ability to perform activities of daily life. Strict control of fatigue and disease activity to improve one’s capacity to perform daily life activities would be important to regulate depression. The level of BDNF might be one of the possible biomarkers to predict or monitor depression in patients with RA.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Prevalence of depression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was analyzed. </LI> <LI> Risk factors for depression and deterioration of depressive symptoms and were analyzed. </LI> <LI> Depression was related with disease activity in RA. </LI> <LI> Depression in RA was associated with impaired ability to perform activities of daily life. </LI> <LI> Among neurotrophic factors, the level of BDNF was related with depression in RA patients. </LI> <LI> The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines were not related with depression in RA patients. </LI> </UL> </P>

PVP 첨가에 의해 제조된 올메사탄 메독소밀 고체분산체의 방출패턴 연구

오승창(Seung-Chang Oh),이천중(Cheon Jung Lee),이현구(Hyun Gu Lee),박진영(Jin Young Park),정현기(Hyun Ki Jeong),김영래(Young-Lae Kim),임동권(Dong-Kwon Lim),이동원(Dongwon Lee),강길선(Gilson Khang) 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.1

올메사탄은 BCS 2단계에 해당하는 약물로 물에 잘 녹지 않는 난용성 약물이다. 이런 약물이 낮은 생체이용률과 제형을 설계하는 과정에서 어려움을 주는 원인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 올메사탄을 분무건조법 및 회전용매증발법을 이용해 고체분산체를 제조하여 제법에 따른 난용성약물의 용출률을 확인하였다. 수용성 고분자로 PVP를 사용하여 약물과 고분자의 비율별로 고체분산체를 제조하였다. SEM을 이용하여 고체분산체의 형태학적인 특성을 분석하였고, 고체분산체의 결정학적 성질은 XRD와 DSC를 통하여 확인하였다. 또한 FTIR을 통해 화학적인 변화를 확인하고, 생체 외 용출거동 실험을 통하여 변화된 용출률을 확인하였다. 제조된 고체분산체는 pH 1.2에서 용출을 확인하였으며, 올메텍과 용출률을 비교하였으며, 분무건조를 통해 약물의 용출률을 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. Olmesartan affiliated to biopharmaceutics classification system class 2 is a poorly water soluble drug. For this reason, olmesartan showed a low bioavailability and a lot of difficulties in the process of designing the pharmaceutical formulation. We prepared the solid dispersions of olmesartan. We confirmed the dissolution rate of drug which was prepared by manufacturing. The pharmaceutical formulation of solid dispersions was designed by using PVP as water soluble polymer. We analyzed morphological feature of solid dispersion by employing a scanning electron microscope. Then, the crystalline property of solid dispersion was confirmed through X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimeter. Also, the chemical change of solid dispersion was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In vitro dissolution test was used to analyze the dissolution rate of solid dispersion. The prepared solid dissolution olmesartan confirmed the dissolution rate in the pH 1.2. It was compared with olmetec and improved dissolution rate through solid dispersion.