역행적 골수정 삽입술을 이용한 대퇴골 과상부 골절의 치료

권진우,신승호,조원호,성기호,김기환,손경태,이상훈,박세원,배종문,권태우 대한골절학회 2003 대한골절학회지 Vol.16 No.4

대표이사의 대표권제한과 대표권남용에 관한 소고

( Kwon¸ Jong-ho ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2021 一鑑法學 Vol.- No.50

본 논문은 회사법 영역에서 전통적으로 중요한 논제이었던 대표이사의 대표권 제한과 대표권 남용의 법적 쟁점에 관해 공동대표이사와 표현대표이사제도를 시야에 넣어 검토한 것이다. 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대표권 제한을 위반한 전단적 대표행위의 경우 먼저 사법적 효력과 관련해서는 법률적 제한과 내부적 제한을 구별하지 않고 거래의 상대방을 동일한 기준(선의ㆍ무중과실)에 따라 보호하는 것이 타당하다. 양자의 구별이 애매하고 전단적 대표행위는 회사의 주도로 이루어진 행위라는 점에서 거래상대방에게 무과실을 요구하는 것은 위험의 합리적 분배라는 측면에서도 바람직하지 않기 때문이다. 그리고 전단적 대표행위에 표현대표이사의 법리가 적용된다는 것이 통설ㆍ판례의 입장이나 그 실익은 없다. 회사에 책임을 묻기 위해서는 어느 법리가 적용되든 거래상대방은 선의ㆍ무중과실의 동일한 요건을 충족하여야 하기 때문이다. 둘째, 전단적 대표행위와 대표권 남용행위가 동시에 성립할 수 있는지, 즉 양 행위의 중첩에 관한 문제이다. 전단적 대표행위는 제한된 대표권의 범위를 벗어난 행위인데 반해, 대표권 남용행위는 대표권의 정당한 범위 내의 행위이다. 그러나 전단적 대표행위이든 대표권 남용행위이든 회사가 책임을 지기 위해서는 회사의 권리능력 내의 행위이어야 한다는 점에서 전단적 대표행위와 대표권남용행위는 양립할 수 있다고 보아야 한다. 이렇게 함으로써 회사의 권리능력의 범위 내에서 이루어진 전단적 대표행위가 사익을 추구하기 위해 행해진 경우에는 대표권 남용행위에 관한 법리의 적용이 가능하게 되어 전단적 대표행위에 관한 법리가 적용될 때보다 거래상대방을 더욱 두텁게 보호할 수 있다. 셋째, 공동대표이사의 경우, 대표권의 개별위임의 경우는 현실적인 필요성이 인정되는 이상 공동대표이사제도의 취지를 훼손하지 않는 선에서 허용되어야 할 것이다. 이를 위해서는 위임할 거래내용에 관해 공동대표이사 사이에 내부적 합의만 있으면 대외적인 의사표시는 다른 공동대표 이사에게 위임이 가능하다는 적극설이 타당하다. 그리고 대표권의 단독행사의 경우에는 무권대표로서 무효이지만 거래의 안전이라는 측면에서는 공동대표 이사가 표현적 명칭을 사용하거나 대표이사의 명칭을 사용하고 그것에 회사의 귀책이 있으면 표현대표이사에 관한 규정을 유추적용하여 선의ㆍ무중과실의 거래상대방은 보호하여야 할 것이다. This thesis is a review of the legal issues of restriction of representative rights and abuse of representative rights of the representative director, which have traditionally been an important topic in the field of corporate law. First, in the case of a violation of the restriction of representative rights, it is reasonable to protect the counterparty of the transaction according to the same standards without distinguishing between legal and internal restrictions. This is because it is not desirable in terms of rational distribution of risks, given that the distinction between the two is ambiguous and that the violation of the restriction of representative rights is led by the company. In addition, there is no practical benefit that the legal principles of the apparent representative director are applied to the violation of the restriction of representative rights. This is because in order to hold the company accountable, the counterparty must meet the same requirements for good faith and gross negligence no matter which legal principles applies. Second, it is a question of whether restrictions on representative rights and abuse of representative rights can be established at the same time. In order for a company to take responsibility for any restriction onrepresentative rights or abuse of representative rights, it must be seen that the restriction on representative rights and abuse of representative rights are compatible. Third, in the case of co-representative directors, individual delegation of representative rights should be allowed to the extent that it does not undermine the purpose of the co-representative director system, as long as the practical necessity is recognized. In the case of sole exercise of representative rightsr, it is invalid as an unauthorized representative, but in terms of the safety of the transaction, the counterparty to the transaction in good faith and no gross negligence should be protected by analogy application of the legal principles regarding the apparent representative director.

작업관련성 수근관증후근 감시체계

정우철,권호장,하미나,노상철,권범선,현정근,이성재,이종민,권정이,김준성,백남종,이호,이경우,이삼규 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

목적: 작업관련 근골격계질환은 중요한 직업관련성 질환 중의 하나이고 작업관련 수근관증후군은 이러한 작업관련 근골격계질환 중에서도 많은 부분을 차지한다. 이 연구는 작업관련 수근관증후군의 역학적 특성에 대해 알아보고자 수행되었다. 방법: 본 연구에서는 '수근관증후군 감시체계'를 통해 2000년 6월부터 2003년 2월까지 보고 된 672례의 수근관증후군 사례를 분석하였다. 직업력이 확인된 314명을 대상으로는 직업 및 작업내용에 따라 작업관련성 수근관증후군의 비율이 어떻게 달라지는지를 분석함으로써 수근관증후군 위험요인을 조사하였다. 결과: 직업력이 확인된 314명의 환자 중 작업 관련성이 의심되는 사람은 228명 (72.6%) 이었다. 직업별로는 '단순노무종사자', '농림어업숙련자', '서비스종사자' 등에서 작업관련 수근관증후군의 비율이 여성에서 유의하게 높게 나타났으나 연령, 비만도 지수, 과거병력 등에 따른 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 주관적 증상 중에 '손을 많이 사용한 후 심해진다'와 '손을 털면 덜해진다'라는 항목을 작업관련성 수근관증후군 환자에서 더 많이 호소하였고 다른 증상은 별다른 차이를 보이지 않았다. 작업관련성 수근관증후군 환자가 비교적 많이 노출되는 작업은 '지나치게 손을 뻗쳐서 하는 일', '손을 불편한자세로 유지하는 일' 등이었다. 결론: 전체 수근관증후군 중 작업관련성이 있다는 비율이 매우 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 수근관증후군 감시체계가 작업관련성 수근관증후군의 여러 특성을 밝히는데 매우 효과적인 것으로 나타났으나 현재까지는 중재 대상을 구체적으로 특정하기에는 한계가 있다. Objectives: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most important work related musculo-skeletal diseases in Korea. However, there are few epidemiologic studies on the work-related CTS (WR-CTS). This study aimed to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of WR-CTS in Korea. Methods: Data obtained from the "CTS Surveillance System". Physician case-reports in the surveillance were used to document patterns of WR-CTS by age, gender, occupation, sign, symptom, working history. Results: Six hundred and seventy-two cases of WR-CTS were ascertained of which 3 14 with complete information on occupational history were analyzed. It has been estimated that as many as 72% of' all CTS cases are work-related. The highest proportion of WR-CTS was observed in 'elementary occupation workers', followed by 'skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery worker'. The distributions of WR-CTS cases were similar with respect to age, obesity, and past medical history. The proportion of WR-CTS was higher in females. There was no significant difference in physical examination findings between WR-CTS and non WR-CTS cases. Repetitive work and the inappropriate hand posture seemed to be the risks for WR-CTS. Conclusion: WR-CTS is a significant public health problem. The CTS surveillance system is quite useful to elucidate the characteristics of WR-CTS, but it remains of limited use in targeting specific industries and occupations for intervention.

Carbon monoxide prevents TNF-α-induced eNOS downregulation by inhibiting NF-κB-responsive miR-155-5p biogenesis

Choi, Seunghwan,Kim, Joohwan,Kim, Ji-Hee,Lee, Dong-Keon,Park, Wonjin,Park, Minsik,Kim, Suji,Hwang, Jong Yun,Won, Moo-Ho,Choi, Yoon Kyung,Ryoo, Sungwoo,Ha, Kwon-Soo,Kwon, Young-Guen,Kim, Young-Myeong Nature Publishing Group 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.11

<P>Heme oxygenase-1-derived carbon monoxide prevents inflammatory vascular disorders. To date, there is no clear evidence that HO-1/CO prevents endothelial dysfunction associated with the downregulation of endothelial NO synthesis in human endothelial cells stimulated with TNF-α. Here, we found that the CO-releasing compound CORM-2 prevented TNF-α-mediated decreases in eNOS expression and NO/cGMP production, without affecting eNOS promoter activity, by maintaining the functional activity of the <I>eNOS</I> mRNA 3′-untranslated region. By contrast, CORM-2 inhibited MIR155HG expression and miR-155-5p biogenesis in TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells, resulting in recovery of the 3′-UTR activity of <I>eNOS</I> mRNA, a target of miR-155-5p. The beneficial effect of CORM-2 was blocked by an NF-κB inhibitor, a miR-155-5p mimic, a HO-1 inhibitor and siRNA against HO-1, indicating that CO rescues TNF-α-induced eNOS downregulation through NF-κB-responsive miR-155-5p expression via HO-1 induction; similar protective effects of ectopic HO-1 expression and bilirubin were observed in endothelial cells treated with TNF-α. Moreover, heme degradation products, except iron and <I>N</I>-acetylcysteine prevented H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated miR-155-5p biogenesis and eNOS downregulation. These data demonstrate that CO prevents TNF-α-mediated eNOS downregulation by inhibiting redox-sensitive miR-155-5p biogenesis through a positive forward circuit between CO and HO-1 induction. This circuit may play an important preventive role in inflammatory endothelial dysfunction associated with human vascular diseases.</P>

VDT 업무가 근골격계장애에 미치는 영향

권호장,하미나,김돈규,백남종,조수헌,한태륜 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

As use of the visual display terminal(VDT) is becoming more generalized as a result of office automation, the so-called 'VDT syndrome' which is often observed with the workers using VDT has emerged as a serious occupational health problem. However, few comparative study with control group using not only subjective symptom but also physical examination has been conducted. We have conducted a study comparing prevalence rated of musculoskeletal disorder between 113 VDT operators of a telecommunication company and the control groups of housewives and office ladies through a review of subjective symptoms as well as physical examination by physiatrist to understand the magnitude of problem and relative risk of VDT worker. The symptom rates of upper extremity disability in VDT operators were higher than those of controls especially in neck and shoulder area. Fifty-four(47.8%) of 113 VDT operators met our case definition of upper extremity disorder by subjective symptom and physical examination. Myofascial pain syndrome of neck and shoulder muscles were the most common(46.9%). The odd ratio of using VDT operation for developing myofascial pain syndrome in the neck or shoulder area were 2.52(compared to controls of office ladies) and 2.64(compared to controls of housewives). Other anatomical lesion such as elbow, hand and wrist shows slight higher prevalence rates of musculoskeletal disorder than control groups but not statistically significant.

중부지역 옥수수 파종기에 따른 생육단계 및 수량성 변화

서종호, 문중경, 정건호, 서민정, 구자환, 박장환, 배환희, 신성휴, 권영업 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2014 農業科學硏究 Vol.30 No.2

Maize hybrids were planted on April 1, April 25, May 20 and June 15 in 2012, 2013 at the experimental paddy and upland fields in Suwon city , respectively to know changes of growth stage and yield according to different planting time. Maize planting on April 1 was not recommended because total growing days at planting on April 1 was not different with that at planting on April 25 due to many days from planting to emergence over 20 days at planting on April 1. Total growing days were not much different among three planting time after April 25 because days from silking to maturity was lengthened though days from planting to silking was shortened at later planting time. Stalk weight was decreased as planting time was delayed, particularly at planting times after May 20 at paddy field by excess water injury during early growth stage. But, grain yield was not low as in May and June. It is needed to introduce early maturity maize variety as Yanganok at late planting for higher grain yield and enough time for soil preparation for next winter crops

선형유도전동기의 직접벡터제어를 위한 자속검출에 관한 연구

권병일,송종홍,임형빈,임달호 한양대학교 공학기술연구소 1993 공학기술논문집 Vol.2 No.1

For implementation of vector control it is important to get accurate flux angle of motor. In this paper we investigate two types of flux sensing methods for linear induction motor. The one of which is a method of tapped winding which utilizes coils of motor itself. And the other is a method using hall effect sensor. The experiment for the two flux sensing method is carried out. In comparison of these methods it can be found that the tapped winding method is well suited for flux sensing of linear induction motor.

Methanol 자화성 효모에 의한 균체 단백질 생산

권태종,이동희,정호권,최태부 건국대학교 1992 學術誌 Vol.36 No.2

SCP producing yeast JAM -3032 that has high productivity potential with methanol as carbon and energy source was isolated from soil, and conditions for SCP production, nutritional values, and alcohol oxidase of the microorganism were investigated. Isolated strain JAM-3032 was identified as Pichina on the morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics. The production of cell mass reached at maximal level after 54 hrs cultivation at 28℃, pH 6.0 in the medium containing methanol 3.0%, yeast extract 0.8%, K2HPO4 0.1%, KH2PO4 0.1%. MgSO4ㆍ7H2O 0.05%, alanine 0.01%, nicotinic acid 0.04%, and biotin 0.04%. Dry cells of Pichia sp. JAM -3032 was composed of proteins 53.3%, carbohydrates 31. 5%, nucleic acids 5.6%, lipids 2.9%, ash 6.4% and amino acid composition of the proteins was satisfied in FAO reference. Biosynthesis of the alcohol oxidase of the strain JAM -3032 was induced by methanol. The enzyme was purified by treatment of ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 ion exchange chromatography and Sepharose 6B gel nitration. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on SDS-PAGE, and molecular weight was estimated to be about 520,000 D that was consisted of 8 subunits containing FAD as coenzyme. The optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme reaction was 7.5 and 37℃, respectively. Activation energy was 17.1Kcal/mol and half inactivating temperature was 40℃. The enzyme activity was inhibited by Ag+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions remarkably. The enzyme acted on methanol specifically, and its Km value was 0.89 mM.

[논문]지반앵커의 인발저항 특성에 따른 인장 · 압축 복합 시스템 개발

임종철,염호형,권정근 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2008 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.67 No.-

앵커는 그라우트(grout)의 지지방식에 따라 인장형,압축형, 복합형으로 나누어지며,현재 인장형 앵커의 단점을 보완한 압축형 앵커가 주로 적용되고 있다. 그러나 압축형 앵커는 구속압이 적은 토사지반에 긴장 정착시 그라우트(grout)체가 인발되거나 파괴되는 약점을 가지고 있어 이런 약점을 개선시켜 토사 지반에도 사용 가능한 앵커개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 인장형 및 압축형 앵커의 장점을 동시에 가지며, 특히 토사 및 풍화토에서도 앵커의 소요 인발력을 발휘할 수 있는 복합형 앵커를 개발하였다. 풍화토지반에서의 인발실험 결과 앵커체가 압축변형률과 인장변형률이 발생하는 복합적인 인발저항기구를 보였으며,압축형 앵커에 비해 소성변형이 적게 발생되어 탄성거동에 있어 복합형 앵커가 유리하게 나타났다.

알칼리조건에서 Escherichia coli 0157:H7의 적응 및 항균요법제에 대한 감수성

권오진,배종호 한국식품영양학회 1999 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.12 No.6

본 연구는 병원성 Escherichia coli O157 : H7에 의한 감염을 예방하기 위하여 알칼리에서의 적응성과 항균요법제에 의한 불확실성화 효과를 조사하였다. Escherichia coli O157 : H7은 고 농도의 알칼리 (pH 11.5)에 노출 후, pH 9에서의 증식이 pH 7에서보다 좀 더 저항성이 있게 나타나 알칼리에서의 적응능력이 강했다. 이러한 알칼리 적응성은 pH 9에서 6시간 이내에서 잘 나타났다. 한편 Escherichia coli O157 : H7은 항균요법제 중 saicin 과 ceftnaxone에서 감수성이 매우 높았고, 반면, erythromycin과 yosamycin에서는 저항성이 높았다. 또한 saicin과 ceftriaxone에 5∼100kGy로 감마선을 조사하여도 균주의 최소발육저해농도(MIC)에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. Habituation to alkali condition and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents were investigated to determine methods to inactivation Escherlchia coli O157:H7 associated with food poisoning. The investigation showed that Escherlchia coil O157:H7 growth at pH 9.0 was much more resistant to extremes of alkaline pH(11.5) than at pH 7.0. Habituation occurred within 6hr at pH 9_0. The susceptibilities of Escherlchia coli O157:H7 to 13 drugs examined were found highest in regard to saicin and ceftriaxone and lowest in regard to erythromycin and josamycin. No significant changes in minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) values of bactericidal effect was found when saicin and ceftriaxone were irradiated with doses of 5∼100KGy.