가압가열 및 Microwave 처리가 생면의 품질에 미치는 영향

박시우,김꽃봉우리,김민지,강보경,박원민,김보람,박홍민,최정수,최호덕,안동현,Bark, Si-Woo,Kim, Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri,Kim, Min-Ji,Kang, Bo-Kyeong,Pak, Won-Min,Kim, Bo-Ram,Park, Hong-Min,Choi, Jung-Su,Choi, Ho-Duk,Ahn, Dong-Hyun 한국식품영양학회 2013 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

중력분을 이용하여 제면한 후 가압가열, microwave 및 가압가열과 microwave 병행 처리한 후, 생면 및 삶은 면의 품질에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보았다. 생면의 pH는 microwave 1 min 처리구에서 무처리구와 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 수분 함량은 autoclave 50 min 처리구에서 무처리구와 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, 그 외의 처리구에서는 모두 수분 함량이 감소함을 확인하였다. 면의 색도 측정 결과는 명도는 무처리구에 비해 모든 처리구에서 감소하였으며, 적색도는 microwave 1 min 처리구는 감소한 반면, 나머지 처리구는 증가하였다. 황색도는 autoclave 50 min 처리구와 autoclave 50 min/microwave 1 min 병행 처리구에서 증가한 반면, 나머지 물리적 처리구에서는 감소하였다. 삶은 면의 색도에서는 명도, 적색도, 황색도 모두에서 무처리구에 비하여 물리적 처리구에서 증가한 값을 나타내었다. 물성 측정 결과는 경도, 부착성, 응집성, 검성, 복원성에서 무처리구와 비교시 microwave 1 min 처리구는 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 그 외 처리구에서는 유의적으로 증가한 값을 나타내었다. 탄력성과 전단력은 모든 처리구에서 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 인장력은 가압가열 30 min 처리구와 무처리구가 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 나머지 물리적 처리구에서는 유의적으로 증가하였다. 관능 평가 결과는 생면의 경우 색 항목에서 물리적 처리구들이 유의적으로 낮은 점수를 받았다. 맛, 질감, 향 항목에서는 무처리구와 물리적 처리구간 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았다. 전체적인 기호도에서는 microwave 1 min 처리구가 가장 높은 점수를 얻었으며, 가압가열(50 min)과 microwave(1 min) 병행 처리구는 무처리구와 비슷한 점수를 얻었다. 따라서 제면 후 가압가열 및 microwave 처리가 생면 및 삶은 면에 있어서 색과 질감 항목을 보완, 개선시킨다면 알러겐성이 저감화된 면을 제품화하는데 적합할 것으로 사료되어진다. This study was conducted to determine the effects of physical treatments for quality of wet noodles. Noodles were being tried with a microwave (for 1 min), an autoclave (for 30 or 50 min), and both autoclave and microwave (for 30/1 min or 50/1 min). The results showed that the pH levels were slightly decreased after treatments of autoclave and autoclave/microwave. The moisture contents were considerably decreased as compared to the control except autoclave (50 min). After all treatments, the lightness was decreased in all samples, but, redness was increased (except microwave) and the yellowness was increased after autoclave (50 min) and autoclave/microwave (50/1 min). Texture was increased as compared to the control except microwave. In the sensory evaluation, the noodles treated with microwave, autoclave (50 min), and autoclave/ microwave (50/1 min) showed a high score in overall preference. From these results, both the autoclave and microwave methods can be applied to the wet noodles without diminishing its quality to a great extent.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.

Comparative evaluation of the algorithms for parametric mapping of the novel myocardial PET imaging agent ¹⁸ F-FPTP

Kim, Ji Who,Seo, Seongho,Kim, Hyeon Sik,Kim, Dong-Yeon,Lee, Ho-Young,Kang, Keon Wook,Lee, Dong Soo,Bom, Hee-Seung,Min, Jung-Joon,Lee, Jae Sung Springer Japan 2017 Annals of nuclear medicine Vol.31 No.6

<P><B>Objective</B></P><P>(<SUP>18</SUP>F-fluoropentyl)triphenylphosphonium salt (<SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP) is a new promising myocardial PET imaging tracer. It shows high accumulation in cardiomyocytes and rapid clearance from liver. We performed compartmental analysis of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP PET images in rat and evaluated two linear analyses: linear least-squares (LLS) and a basis function method (BFM) for generating parametric images. The minimum dynamic scan duration for kinetic analysis was also investigated and computer simulation undertaken.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P><SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP dynamic PET (18 min) and CT images were acquired from rats with myocardial infarction (MI) (<I>n</I> = 12). Regions of interest (ROIs) were on the left ventricle, normal myocardium, and MI region. Two-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>; 2C2P) and three-compartment (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>–<I>k</I><SUB>3</SUB>; 3C3P) models with irreversible uptake were compared for goodness-of-fit. Partial volume and spillover correction terms (<I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> and <I>α</I> = 1 − <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB>) were also incorporated. LLS and BFM were applied to ROI- and voxel-based kinetic parameter estimations. Results were compared with the standard ROI-based nonlinear least-squares (NLS) results of the corresponding compartment model. A simulation explored statistical properties of the estimation methods.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The 2C2P model was most suitable for describing <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP kinetics. Average <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, and <I>V</I><SUB><I>a</I></SUB> values were, respectively, 6.8 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.44 in normal myocardium and 1.4 (ml/min/g), 1.1 (min<SUP>−1</SUP>), and 0.32, in MI tissue. Ten minutes of data was sufficient for the estimation. LLS and BFM estimations correlated well with NLS values for the ROI level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.06<I>x</I> + 0.13, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.96 and <I>y</I> = 1.13<I>x</I> + 0.08, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.97) and voxel level (<I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>: <I>y</I> = 1.22<I>x</I> − 0.30, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.90 and <I>y</I> = 1.26<I>x</I> + 0.00, <I>r</I><SUP><I>2</I></SUP> = 0.92). Regional distribution of kinetic parametric images (<I>αK</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>K</I><SUB>1</SUB>, <I>k</I><SUB>2</SUB>, <I>V</I><SUB>a</SUB>) was physiologically relevant. LLS and BFM showed more robust characteristics than NLS in the simulation.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Fast kinetics and highly specific uptake of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP by myocardium enabled quantitative analysis with the 2C2P model using only the initial 10 min of data. LLS and BFM were feasible for estimating voxel-wise parameters. These two methods will be useful for quantitative evaluation of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FPTP distribution in myocardium and in further studies with different conditions, disease models, and species.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12149-017-1171-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

태연혈(太淵穴)의 유침 시간에 따른 체온 변화 -적외선체열촬영(赤外線體熱撮影)을 중심으로-

이봉효 ( Bong Hyo Lee ),이경민 ( Kyung Min Lee ),박지하 ( Ji Ha Park ),김민서 ( Min Seo Kim ),김산들 ( San Deul Kim ),박병규 ( Byeong Gyu Park ),양현동 ( Hyun Dong Yang ),예성호 ( Sung Ho Yea ),이호정 ( Ho Jung Lee ),최재원 ( Jae 경락경혈학회 2012 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.29 No.2

Objectives: This study was performed to find the desirable remaining time of needle in the acupuncture treatment. Methods: The 21 volunteers were given acupuncture at LU9 vertically and needles were remained for 2 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, respectively. The thermographic change induced by acupuncture was measured with Digital Infrared Thermographic Image at the following acupoints: LU11, LU10, LU9, LU8, LU5, LU1, and PC7. The statistical significance of thermographi change was evaluated using paired t-test and post hoc Wilcoxon test. Results: The most significant changes after acupuncture were produced when needles were remained for 10 min or 15 min. LU11, LU5, LU1, and PC7 were the point at which all of the remaining time produced significant change commonly. At LU11, the biggest change was produced when needle was remained for 15 min, while at LU5, LU1, and PC7, the biggest change was produced when needle was remained for 30 min, and the smallest change was produced when needle was remained for 10 min at all of acupoints of LU11, LU5, LU1, and PC7. The unbalance between left side and right was decreased the most largely in 15 min group. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the desirable remaining time of acupuncture needle might be 15 min.

고온가열처리에 의한 바다방석고둥 ( Omphalius pfeifferi capenteri ) 의 식품성분 변화

하진환(Jin Hwan Ha),송대진(Dae Jin Song),김풍호(Poong Ho Kim),허민수(Min Soo Heu),조문래(Moon Lae Cho),심효도(Hyo Do Sim),김혜숙(Hey Suk Kim),김진수(Jin Soo Kim) 한국수산과학회 2002 한국수산과학회지 Vol.35 No.2

바다방석고둥을 원료로 한 신제품 개발에 관한 일련의 기초 연구로 저장성 부여를 위하여 시도하는 고온가열처리 조건 (F_0 5분, F_0 10분, F_0 15분 및 F_0 20분)에 따른 바다방석고둥의 성분변화에 대하여 살펴보았다. 바다방석고둥 통조림은 살균을 5분 이상 처리하는 경우 저장 중 팽창관이 발생하지 않았고, 또한 생균수가 검출되지 않아 저장성이 있었다. 고온가열처리 정도가 증가할수록 바다방석고둥의 일반성분 중 수분함량은 감소하였고, 조단백질 함량은 증가하였으며, 조지방 및 조회분 함량은 거의 변화가 없었다. 또한 바다방석 통조림은 고온가열처리 정도가 증가할수록 이취에 관여하는 휘발성염기질소 함량, pH와 색조에 관여하는 갈변도는 증가하였고, 영양에 관여하는 구성아미노산, 무기질과 맛에 관여하는 유리아미노산, TMAO, total creatinine 및 수율 둥은 감소하였다. 이들을 색조, 조직감 및 맛에 대하여 관능검사한 결과 자숙 처리한 시료에 비하여 모든 항목에서 F_0 10분까지는 차이가 없었으나, 그 이상 가열처리한 경우 품질이 저하하였다고 인지되었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 보아 바다방석고둥을 고온가열처리하여 신제품을 개발하고자 하는 경우 F_0 값이 10분 이상이면 바람직하지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. The top shell, Omphalius pfeifferi capenteri meat vacuum-packed in can (diameter× height, 74.1 ㎜ × 50.7 ㎜) were heated at 115℃ up to F_0 values of 5 min, 10 min, 15 min and 20 min, and the changes in food components were studied. After 14 days storage at 37℃ and 55℃, no growth of microorganism and panelling were recognized from the canned meats which were sterlized at 115℃ with F_0 value of 5 min and over. In the case of proximate composition of the canned meats, the moisture content decreased with the increase of F_0 value, while crude protein increased. The increase of volatile basic nitrogen content, pH and degree of browning and the decrease of mineral, total amino acid, free amino add, trimethylamine oxide, total creatinine contents and yields were observed during thermal processing. In sensory evaluation on color, texture and taste in the canned meats, no significant difference was observed among a boiled sample and the canned meats heated at F_0 value of 10 min and below. But, in the canned meats heated at F_0 value of over 15 min, its sensory scores decreased with the increase of F_0 value. From these results, the reasonable F_0 value for preparation of the heat-treated top shell meats was in the range of 5∼10 min.

물리적 처리에 의한 강력분 밀가루 Gliadin의 항원성 변화

강보경(Bo-Kyeong Kang),김꽃봉우리(Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri Kim),김민지(Min-Ji Kim),박시우(Si-Woo Bark),박원민(Won-Min Pak),김보람(Bo-Ram Kim),안나경(Na-Kyung Ahn),최연욱(Yeon-Uk Choi),최정수(Jung-Su Choi),최호덕(Ho-Duk Choi),안동현(Dong-Hyun A 한국식품영양과학회 2014 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.43 No.4

본 연구에서는 가압가열 및 microwave 처리가 gliadin의 항원성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 강력분에 가압가열과 microwave를 단독 또는 병행으로 처리하여 Ci-ELISA, SDS-PAGE 및 immunoblotting을 실시하였다. 가압가열 처리의 경우 시간이 길어질수록 IgG와의 결합력이 감소하였으며, 특히 50분 처리구에서 약 87%로 가장 낮은 결합력을 보였다. 또한 SDS-PAGE와 immunoblotting 결과에서도 무처리구에서 강하게 보였던 gliadin band가 가압가열처리에 의해 거의 소실되고 항체와 반응하지 않았다. 가압가열 및 microwave를 병행 처리 시도 마찬가지로 gliadin의 결합력이 감소하였으며, 처리구 중 가압가열 50분, microwave 5분 처리구에서 약 93%로 가장 낮은 결합력을 보였다. 반면 microwave를 단독으로 처리한 경우에는 일부 단백질의 변화는 관찰되었으나, 항원성 감소에는 효과가 없음을 확인하여 단백질 변화가 항원성에는 큰 효과를 준 것 같지 않다. 이상의 결과를 통해 가압가열 단독 처리 및 가압가열 및 microwave의 병행처리 시 gliadin의 항원성이 감소함을 확인하였다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical treatments on the antigenicity of gliadin in strong wheat flour. Strong wheat flour was treated with an autoclave (5, 10, 30, 50 min), a microwave (1, 5, 10 min), or both (10, 30, 50 min/ 5, 10 min), followed by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, and Ci-ELISA using anti-gliadin IgG. The results indicated that the binding ability of IgG to gliadin in strong wheat flour slightly decreased after autoclaving or autoclaving/microwaving. In particular, the binding ability was reduced to about 87% after autoclaving for 50 min and to 89% after autoclaving/microwaving (50/5 min). In addition, gliadin bands in the 50 min autoclaved group disappeared in both SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. On the other hand, the antigenicity of gliadin was unaffected by microwaving alone. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that autoclaving may reduce the antigenicity of gliadin in strong wheat flour.

개의 전침마취가 Vital sign 및 혈액가스치 변화에 미치는 영향

임연수,송근호,유명조,서지민,김명철,김덕환,Lim, Yeon-Soo,Song, Kun-Ho,You, Myung-Jo,Seo, Jee-Min,Kim, Myung-Chul,Kim, Duck-Hwan 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

The present study was performed to elucidate the effect of canine electroacupuncture anesthesia on vital signs and blood gas values. Groups were divided into experimental (electroacupuncture: EA) and control (ketamine) groups. The vital signs (body temperature, respiration rate and pulse) and blood gas values (pH, $pCO_2$ and $pO_2$) of venous and arterial blood were determined. Body temperatures of EA group were significant higher than than of ketamine group at 15 min., 30 min., 45min. and 60 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia, respectively. The respiration rates of EA group were higher than those of ketamine group, however, significant differences were not observed between both groups. The pulses of EA group were significant higher than those of ketamine group at 5 min. (p<0.05), 10 min. (p<0.01), 15 min. and 30 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia, respectively. The arterial and venous blood pHs of ketamine group were slightly higher than those of EA group, respectively, however, no significant differences were found between both groups. Significant differences were not observed between both groups in the arterial and venous blood $pCO_2$, respectively. The arterial blood $pO_2$ of EA group was significant higher than those of ketamine group at 5 min. (p<0.05) after anesthesia. No significant differences were observed between both groups in the venous blood $pO_2$. These results suggest that the changes of vital signs and blood gas values of EA group are similar to those of ketamine group with the exception of changes in the body temperature, pulse and arterial blood $pO_2$.

만성 경막하혈종의 단순 천공 배액술후 재발 및 두개강내 합병증 발생과 관련된 요인

김영규,민경수,이무섭,김동호,복원길,홍석기,김호재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적: 만성 경막하혈종은 두개골 천두술및 혈종배액으로 쉽게 치료될 수 있는 예후가 양호한 질환으로 알려져 있으나, 혈종의 재발 및 합병증이 드물지 않게 발생하기도 한다. 본 연구는 두개골 천두술 및 혈종배액으로 치료받은 102예의 만성 경막하혈종 환자들을 분석하여 혈종의 재발 및 수술후 합병증과 관련된 요인들을 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 만성 경막하혈종으로 진단되어 두개골 천두술 및 혈종배액술법으로 본원 신경외과에서 수술치료받은 102명의 환자를 대상으로 하였고, 입원진료기록 및 방사선소견을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 재발 및 합병증의 발생과 관련된 요인으로는 수술전 환자의 나이, 의식상태, 양측성여부, 뇌실질의 위축정도, 수술후 기뇌의 양, 전신질환여부에 대하여 분석하였다. 결과: 재발의 빈도는 9.8% 였으며 재발과 관련된 요인으로는 양측성, 고령, 수술후 뇌실질재팽창정도(뇌 실질위축, 잔여수액, 기뇌)가 관계가 있었으나 환자의 예후에는 영향이 없었다. 합병증의 종류에는 수술후 급성출혈 5예 및 경막하 농양 1예가 있었으나 이는 모두 출혈성전신질환 또는 면역결핍증이 동반된 환자에서 발생하였고 예후가 불량하였으며, 긴장성 기뇌가 1예발생 하였다. 결론: 전신질환의 동반여부가 합병증의 발생 및 환자의 예후에 가장 중요한 영향을 미쳤으며, 비록 예후에는 영향이 적으나 혈종의 재발의 빈도가 드물지 않으며 기뇌의 방지 및 배액방법의 개선으로 재발의 빈도를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : Most of chronic subdural hematomas(SOH) are amenable disease with simple cranoistomy drainage, but the recurrence of SDH or development of complications after surgery is not uncommon. To see the prognostic factors related to outcome the recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma and development of complication were analysed in 102 cases of chronic SDH after craniostomy drainage. Materials and Methods: We studied 102 chronic SDH patients treated with craniostomy drainage. Clinical and radiological records were reviewed retrospectively. We analysed the recurrence and complication rate, factors related to the development of recurrence and complications. Results: The rate of recurrence of chronic SDH was 9.8% and factors related to recurrence were bilaterality, old age, and postoperative intracranial environments for brain reexpansion(degree of brain atrophy, amount of residual fluid, amount of intracranial air). Intracranial complications after surgery were developed in 7 cases(6.9%), 5 postoperative bleedings, 1 tension pneumocephalus, 1 subdural empyema. Conclusion : Preoperative clinical condition and association of serious sytemic disease were of major importance in prognosis. The recurrence of chronc SDH was not uncommon, Even though the recurrence was not related to the outcome, great care should be paid on the patients with high risk group.

가토에서 Vecuronium bromide 의 용량에 따른 근육이완 효과

김동원,이동호,민경호,전세웅,유희구,김경헌,승익상,김교상,서정국 대한마취과학회 1987 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.20 No.6

The introduction of muscle relaxants was an epoch making event in the development of clinical anesthesia and their use has hecame essential to anesthesia practice. Vecuronium, one of the newest muscle relaxants, many advantages; it is .apid acting, non-accumulating, has minimals side reactions and is promptly antagonized by anticholinesterases. However, its pharmacological effect, like other conventional muscle relaxants depends upon the dose and is influenced br many factors including body temperature, blood flow, interaction with other drugs, antibiotics, diuretics and so forth, To obtain a dose·response relationship which is important for clinical use, the effect of the vecuronium in various doses on the neuromuscular block in rabbits was investigated. The results were as follows. 1) In the vecuronium 0.025 mg/kg group, maximal twitch depression was varied between 75 to 92% with a mean value of 84,9%. The spontaneous recovery index was 141.0 seconds (2.35 min). 2) In the vecuranium 7.75 mg/kg group, thmean maximum twitch depression and spontaneous recovery index were 98.4% and 218.6 seconds (3.64 min.) respectively. 3) In the vecuronium 7.1 mg/kg group, maximum twitch depression was 100% and the spontaneous recovery index was markedly prolonged to 627.8 seconds (10.35 min).

林土의 有機物의 分解速度와 無機養料의 垂直分布에 關한 考察

金遵敏,張楠基,鄭玩鎬 서울대학교 교육대학원 학술연구회 1966 論文集 - 서울대학교 교육대학원 Vol.3 No.-

Kim Choon Min, Chang Nam Kee and Chung Whan Ho: Decomposition rate of plant residue and the vertical distibution of mineral nutrients in the woodland soil. The relationship between decomposition rate of litter and the amount of mineral nutrients dispersed to the soil horizons were studied on the oak and pine forest stand. The results are as follows: 1. Decomposition rate of litter was highest in the F horizon of the oak stand, however in the pine stand it was highest in H horizon. 2. The correlation coefficients between decomposition rate and humus, organic carbon, moisture content, calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen in the pine stand are; 0.90, 0.98, 0.76, 0.98, and 0.88, in oak stand; 0.97, 0.93, 0.92, 0.97, 0.74 and 0.73. 3. Factors which affect the decomposition rate of litter are humus, organic carbon, moisture content, calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen. 4. Among the variables, PH, moisture content and phosphorus under the oak and pine forest showed significant differences in each horizon. 5. C/N ratio of pine stands is higher than that of oak stands studied. 6. The vertical distribution of mineral nutrients is highly related with the amount of humus accumulated on top soil.