고온에서 HAN 계열 추진제 액적의 거동에 대한 연구

황창환(Chang Hwan Hwang),백승욱(Seung Wook Baek),한조영(Cho Young Han),김수겸(Su Kyum Kim),전형열(Hyung Yeol Jeon) 한국연소학회 2012 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.- No.45

The droplet behavior of 83.9 wt.% HAN water solution was investigated experimentally with various ambient temperature and nitrogen environment. At the initial stage of evaporation under thermal decomposition temperature of HAN, gradual decreasing of droplet diameter was observed. After that, the droplet started to expand due to the internal pressure build up by water nucleation inside the droplet. The micro explosion was observed at higher temperature than the decomposition temperature of HAN and the remaining droplet showed similar behavior of single composition droplet. The decreasing rate was augmented as the ambient temperature increasing.

Fluoroacetate(Platol)중독 증상 연구 : 자살기도자를 중심으로

한창환,황주연,김경식,안석철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate the clinical problems of fluoroacetate intoxication. The total number of the fluoroacetate intoxication patients who came to the emergency room of Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1, 1983 to Aug. 31, 1983 were 96 cases. Among them, 41 attempters who were consulted to the psychiatrist were evaluated and observed in detail. The following results were obtained. 1. The rodenticide poisoning accounts for 37.2% of all toxic substance intoxication(total 266 cases) at Han Gang Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 1983 to Aug. 1983. Among them, 96 cases(36.1%) of fluorcacetate intoxication were observed. 2. Female was affected 2.4 times more frequently than male. 35.5% of total cases belonged to age group 21∼30years, when incidence was most prevalent 3. As the route of drug obtainment, supplement were commonest(63.3%), purchase in 29.4%. 4. CNS disturbances such as drowsiness, stupor, semicoma and irritability were observed in 75.6% of the cases. Speech disturbances such as dysarthria, childish speech was observed in 9.8%of the cases. Convulsion(29.3%), tremor(12.2%) spasm and twitching(4.9%) were also frequently observed. Tachycardia was found in 43.8% of the cases and other frequent symptoms were nausea and vomiting(53.7%), abdominal pain(34.2%), mild or high fever(26.8%). Lower calcium(below 9mg) was found in 29.3% of the cases and lower potassium(below 3.5mEq) was found in 22.0% of the cases. EKG findings revealed QT prolongation(22.0%), ST-T change(22.0%) and u-wave, RBBB, and PVC(14.6%). 5. 92 cases(95.8%) recovered without sequelae and 4 cases(4.2%) expired.

농업부문 에너지 수급 구조와 전망

김연중(Yun-Jung Kim),박기환(Ki-Hwan Park),강창용(Chang-Yong Kang),김윤형(Yun-Hyung Kim),김한호(Han-Ho Kim),오세익 한국농촌경제연구원 2010 한국농촌경제연구원 기본연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

According to economic development and changes in internal and external economic conditions, the energy consumption structure and consumption by energy source of our country are largely changing. Nevertheless, South Korea depends on imports for most of its energy, because natural energy resources are insufficient, and is very sensitive to energy-related issues. Recently, because the International Convention on Climate Change raised concern about diminishing fossil fuels and global warming, the importance of energy efficiency is increasing. To understand the energy input structure of the agricultural sector in order to prepare for efficient energy management plans, it is necessary to predict energy consumption by main items. For this, input-outpur analysis was conducted. It was found that our agriculture and forestry and fisheries industry consumed 3.79 million tons oil equivalent(toe) in 2007, and the agriculture sector is expanding; on the other hand, the livestock and forestry and fisheries sectors are generally shrinking. The agriculture sector remarkably uses energy for vegetables and flowering plants, and in the case of vegetables, consumption has increased by more than 9%, and even consumption of flowering plants has increased by more than 11% above the annual average. In addition, the energy input coefficient in the agriculture sector decreased by more than 30% compared with 1995, confirming that, in general, dependence on energy is being avoided. The agriculture sector is an industry dependent on energy as a result of the relatively large input coefficient in horticulture. Meanwhile, domestic new renewable energy use in our country is just 2.43% of total consumption of the first energy but has shown a tendency to swiftly increase the supply rate of new renewable energy since 2000; however, consumption in the agriculture sector is mainly oil related compared with other industries, and the consumption of new renewable energy is almost nothing. Nevertheless, the government established a goal of expanding the supply rate level of new renewable energy to 4.3% in 2015, 6.1% in 2020, and 11% in 2030, so the use of new renewable energy is expected to increase even in the agriculture sector in the future. Energy is the most important resource for the entire range of the national economy, and because of the effect of oil price increases, it has become a major interest of agriculture. Therefore, the government is preparing various policies for the efficient use of energy as well as energy saving. Accordingly, it is important to plan energy-related efficient policy by supplying basic data on energy policy establishment in the agriculture sector by analyzing the supply and demand status of clean energy in the agriculture sector along with the potential energy demand of the main agricultural and livestock products.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

IMT-2000 단말기용 PHEMT 저잡음증폭기 설계

한규환,김창우 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2000 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.1 No.-

AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs PHEMT를 이용하여 IMT-2000 단말기용 저잡음증폭기를 설계하였다. 저잡음과 고선형이득 특성을 얻기 위해 2단 증폭기로 설계하였다. PHEMT의 등가회로 파라미터는 Statz-Pucel 등가회로모델을 기초로 실측정 S 파라미터에 fitting하여 추출하였다. 2단 저잡음증폭기의 전단은 최소잡음지수를 얻을 수 있는 Γ_(OPT) 정합회로를 입력에 설계하였고, 목표사양에 맞는 선형이득과 안정성을 위하여 후단은 병렬 궤환 형태로 설계하였다. 설계한 2단 저잡음증폭기는 목표주파수대역(2.11∼2.17 GHz)에서 잡음지수 0.8 dB이하, 소신호 이득 32 dB이상의 결과를 얻었다. 전단의 입력측 정합회로를 잡음정합에만 맞추어 설계하였으므로 6.2의 다소 큰 입력측 VSWR을 보이고 있다. 입력측VSWR을 개선시키기 위해 직렬 소오스 인덕터를 사용하여, 전단 저잡음증폭기를 재설계 하였다. 재설계된 2단 저잡음증폭시는 목표주파수대역에서 잡음지수 0.8 dB이하, 소신호 이득 30 dB이상, 입·출력 VSWR 1.4이하, 이득평탄도 ±1 dB의 시뮬레이션 결과를 얻었다.

동남참게(Eriocheir japonicus)의 난황단백질 정제와 그 전구체의 합성부위 구명

한창희,배현환 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.1

To identify the histological site of synthesis of yolk protein precursor, vitellogenin, by immunocytochemical method in the freshwater crab Eriocheir japonicus, we purified the yolk protein, vitellin, from crude egg extracts, and prepared the anti-rabbit serum against vitellin. Then, the site of vitellogenin synthesis was demonstrated by immunocytochemical method with PAP(peroxidase-antiperoxidase) reaction using the rabbit antiserum against vitellin. Female specific serum protein was identified in female serum by immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony's immunodiffusion test for mature male and female sera. Based on the immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony's diffusion test for mature male and female sera and crude egg extracts using antiserum against vitellogenic female serum absorbed with male serum, the female specific serum protein was identified as vitellogenin, detected in female serum only. The major yolk protein, vitellin, was purified from the crude egg extracts by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography, followed by sepharose CL-4B gel filteration chromatography. The molecular weight of vitellin was estimated to be about 245,000 dalton by sepharose CL-4B gel filteration chromatography. From the results of immunological analysis for vitellin, it was found that the vitellin antiserum contained the antibody against vitellogenin. In the results of immunocytochemical reaction by PAP method with the rabbit antiserum against vitellin, the vitellogenic oocytes and the hepatopancreas of mature female showed positive PAP reaction, but not in follicle cells and previtellogenic oocytes of ovary, muscle of female and mature male hepatopancreas. Therefore, it showed that the hepatopancreas of mature female is the site of vitellogenic synthesis.

Draping simulation of carbon/epoxy plain weave fabrics with non-orthogonal constitutive model and material behavior analysis of the cured structure

Han, Min-Gu,Chang, Seung-Hwan Elsevier 2018 Composites. Part A, Applied science and manufactur Vol.110 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aim of this study is to estimate the mechanical behavior including material failure of cured draped structures. Based on the basic tests for representative mechanical properties of woven fabric prepregs, non-orthogonal constitutive VUMAT code for draping simulation was developed. To calibrate the simulation code, experimental validation was carried out. The local shear deformation of the plain weave fabric draped onto the hemispherical structure was simulated, and the results showed that the simulation successfully followed the actual draping behavior with very low level of errors in the deformation of the prepregs and it predicted the shear angles in local area of the draped structures accurately. The deformation behavior with material failure of the cured hemisphere under compression was estimated with consideration of the local property changes. By using the above analysis technique, the initial mechanical behavior and the failure mode of the hemisphere were accurately estimated using the simulation technique.</P>

무선 채널 STATE 모델 개발에 관한 연구

한재충,정창환 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

It is crucial to analyse the wireless channel environment on developing the wireless communication system. Current wireless system, i.e., PCS or IMT-2000, was highly effected on Rayleigh fading, for using the high frequency bandwidth around 2GHz. This thesis will investigate the characteristic of Rayleigh fading channel, and develop a State model which enable to analyse the fading channel. We will develope the Finite-State Markov Model that is compensated for disadvantage of Gilbert Model and Hidden Markov Model(HMM) using now. This thesis also verify the efficiency of the developed State model using computer simulation.

월경규칙성과 월경시기에 의한 월경주기증상의 유형

한창환,유태혁 大韓神經精神醫學會 1985 신경정신의학 Vol.24 No.4

Each of 404 nurses and nurse-aids rated their experience of each of 45 menstrual symptoms on a 4 point scale separately for the menstrual, premenstrual and intermenstrual phase. The 45 symptoms were tested separately by menstrual regularity and phase variable. 1. 4 basic types of menstrual symptoms were emerged which were labeled regularity significant type, phase significant type, regularity-phase significant type, and regularity-phase non-significant type. 2. Among menstrual cyclic symptoms belong to phase significant type and regularity-phase significant type, there are 3 basic subtypes. One(Subtype Ⅰ) is the symptoms which are manifested predominantly during menstrual phase. Second(Subtype Ⅱ) is the symptoms which are manifested predominantly during premenstrual and menstrual phase equally. Third(Subtype Ⅲ) is the symptoms which are manifested predominantly during premenstrual phase, but becomes more severe during menstrual phase. 3. Psychosocial variable such as neurotic trends and suggestions might be considered to be responsible for menstrual regularity. However neuroendocrine change might be considered to be responsible for menstrual phase.

나리屬 花粉의 人工發芽에 關하여

辛昌男,趙斗漢,吳炅煥 충남대학교 자연과학연구소 1980 學術硏究誌 Vol.7 No.2

Artificial pollen germination was examined to determine the suitable concentration of sugar medium, temperature and pH in four species of Lilium. Germination ratio was highest in the 5% sugar medium and at 25℃. And the most favorable pH was 6. In these conditions, elongation of pollen tube was also longest.