정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

A study on the removal of sulfate and nitrate from the wet scrubber wastewater using electrocoagulation

Jo, Eun-young,Park, Seung-Min,Yeo, In-seol,Cha, Jae-doo,Lee, Ju Yeol,Kim, Young-Hee,Lee, Tae-Kwon,Park, Chan-gyu Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2016 Desalination and Water Treatment Vol.57 No.17

<P>Wet scrubber is widely used to remove pollutants from a furnace flue gas or from other gas streams. However, high cost for the treatment or exchange of contaminated washed water is one of the problems. Electrocoagulation (EC) is an electrochemical method for treating polluted water, whereby sacrificial anodes dissolve to produce active coagulant precursors in the solution. This technology can be used for the removal of color, anionic contaminants, and colloidal particles. The goal of the present study was evaluation of EC process for treatment of wet scrubber wastewater and optimization of the process. In this study, the influence of electrode material and electrode distance on removal efficiency (%) of nitrate, sulfate, and total suspended solids (TSS) was investigated with synthetic wastewater. Using an Al electrode, 60.6% of nitrate, 50.0% of sulfate, and 96.8% of TSS were removed by EC treatment within 30 min. In case of Fe electrode, 69.7% of nitrate, 75.0% of sulfate, and 98.8% of TSS were removed. The treatment efficiency for real wet scrubber wastewater was evaluated with Fe electrode. After 180 min of EC treatment, 50% of color, 40% of nitrate, 40% of sulfate, and 95% of TSS were removed, respectively. All these results give clear evidence that EC process can effectively reduce the TSS, nitrate, and sulfate ions from wet scrubber wastewater.</P>

Low Molecular Weight Polyethylenimine-Mitochondrial Leader Peptide Conjugate for DNA Delivery to Mitochondria

Choi, Joon-Sig,Choi, Min-Ji,Go, Gyeong-Su,Rhee, Byoung-Doo,KimPak, Young-Mi,Bang, In-Seok,Lee, Min-Hyung Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.9

It has been found that a number of diseases are associated with mutations in the mitochondrial DNA. Therapeutic gene delivery to mitochondria has been suggested as a clinical option for these diseases. In this study, we developed a gene carrier to mitochondria by the conjugation of mitochondrial leader peptide (LP) to polyethylenimine (PEI). Mitochondrial LP conjugated PEI (PEI-LP) was synthesized with low molecular weight PEI (2,000 Da, PEI2K). Gel retardation assay showed that PEI2K-LP formed complexes at a 1.0/1 weight ratio. In addition, PEI2K-LP protected DNA from the enzymatic degradation for at least 60 min, while naked DNA was completely degraded within 20 min. PEI2K-LP was compared with LP conjugated high molecular weight PEI (25,000 Da, PEI25K) in terms of toxicity and delivery efficiency. MTT assay showed that PEI2K-LP had much lower cytotoxicity than PEI25K-LP to 293 cells. In addition, cell-free DNA delivery assay showed that PEI2K-LP delivered more DNA to mitochondria at a 1.8/1 weight ratio than naked DNA or PEI. This result suggests that PEI2K-LP may be useful for the development of mitochondrial gene therapy system with lower cytotoxicity.

장간막 림프절염으로 발현된 Kikuchi-Fujimoto병 1예

최원섭,이승순,권진우,이영석,김선영,전선영,김민정,정두련 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.5

Kikuchi-Fujimoto 병은 주로 경부 림프절을 침범하는 질환이지만, 드물게 회맹부 장간막 림프절을 침범하여, 발열을 동반한 우하복부 통증과 반발압통을 나타내는 장간막 림프절염을 일으킬 수 있다. 급성 충수돌기염과 유사한 양상의 급성 복증을 호소하는 젊은 성인의 경우, 장간막 림프절염 여부를 확인하여야하며, 그럴 경우 Kikuchi-Fujimoto 병을 감별 진단에 포함시켜야 한다. 저자 등이 경험한 장간막 림프절염으로 발현된 성인의 KikuchiFujimoto 병 1예는 국내에서는 최초로 발견된 것이기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a benign, rare, self limitimg disease presenting with mainly cervical lymphadenopathy and fever unresponsive to antibiotics or medical treatment. A 28-year old man presented with fever and right lower quadrant abdominal pain. Physical examination showed abdominal tenderness and rebound tenderness mimicking acute appendicitis. Imaging studies showed normal appendix and other abdominal organs except enlarged multiple mesenteric lymph nodes. Symptoms persisted despite antimicrobial therapy. Multiple tender lymph nodes were palpable on bilateral cervical area at the 7th hospital day. The biopsy of the neck node showed large areas of patchy, irregular necrosis with prominent nuclear debris surrounded by T lymphocytes, histiocytes without neutrophils and granuloma, so he was diagnosed as Kikuchi- Fujimoto disease. With conservative management, clinical improvement was observed. We suggest that Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease with mesenteric lymphadenitis should be added to the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen mimicking acute appendicitis in young adults.

공여신 직출후의 잔류신기능에 대한 고찰

杜歡祐,閔準基,金榮坤,朴泳炅 全北大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.41 No.-

One hundred patients who underwent uninephrectomy for kidney donation between 1989 and 1996 have been checked the changes of renal function before and after donor nephrectomy Follow up periods after uninephrectomy were postoperative 7days, 1year and 4years. Mean blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) before nephrectomy was 115.8±9.2/ 74.3±7.2 mmHg and that of the last reading was 114.9±12.7/ 75.0±9.8 mmHg. The current creatinine clearance of the donors was 78±4 ml/min. The 7days, 1year and 4years after nephrectomy percentage of predonation creatinine clearance were 73±3%, 77±2% and 79±3%, respectively. The 24-hr urine protein excretion in kidney donors was significantly higher after nephrectomy than before nephrectomy (52.1±11.2 mg/day VS. 178±25.6 mg/day). In conclusion, this long-term study of kidney donors shows no adverse effect on blood pressure and renal function after many years of compensatory hyperfiltration.

월쉬변환에 의한 시지연계의 간단화 모델링 및 최적제어에 관한 연구

안두수,오민환,채영무 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.1

시지연계를 지연이 없는 선형계로 모델링 할 경우에는 고차 방정식으로 표현되기 때문에 실제로 제어하기는 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 시지연요소를 직접 처리하지 않고 지연이 없는 형식을 이용하여 모델을 간략화 시키므로서 시지연계의 최적제어를 간단히 할 수 있도록 하였다. It is difficult to analyze time delay system because the system is commonly expressed by high order equations. To avoid the difficulty, the undelayed linear formulations have been used. However, it is time consuming to directly analyze the undelayed linear formulations in case of complicated system. In this paper, to prevent disadvantage of time consuming, a proper solution technique having advantage of time saving is used to solve the system.

분말야금법을 이용한 TiNi기 형상기억 복합재료의 기계적특성에 관한 연구

박영철,윤두표,박민식,김광영 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1997 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.1

In this study, It is introduced that TiNi/Al-radical shape memory composite as one of new material that used shape memory alloy (SMA). It is a method to produce a better strength of composite by occuring compressive residual stress in matrix, using shape memory effect of TiNi fiber. This method os replaced of tensile residual stress happened by difference of coeffients of thermal expansion (CTE) between fiber and matrix, one of the significant faults of metal matrix composite (MMC). In this paper, shape memory composites are made by powder metallurgy. And then, an self-strengthening effect of the composites by shape memory effect above inverse transformation temperature A_f of TiNi alloy are discussed. Moreover, TiNiCo/Al composites is made by using TiNiCo alloy as fiber. And it is discussed about affection of Co in the shape memory composite. The results of the intelligent properties of TiNi/Al-radical shape memory composite, using SMA, by powder metallurgy are the tensile strength of TiNiCo wire is much higher than that of TiNi wire and the strength of TiNiCo/Al composite is generally higher than of TiNi/Al composite.

초기응력이 있는 일단고정 Plate Strip의 선형 및 비선형해석

權永斗,徐昌敏 경북대학교 공과대학 1987 工大硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-

The set of finite element equations of motion of an initially stressed elastic solid is derived by using the principle of virtual displacement. And this is compared with what obtained from Hamilton's principle. The set of equations of motion is applied to an initially stressed fixed-free plate strip on the sudden lateral loading condition at the free end. By comparing numerical result, we shall examine the effect of incremental stresses, and the selective reduction of the order of Gauss-Legendre quadrature.

옥수수·鷄糞 silage 製造時 formic, propionic acid 添加가 品質에 미치는 影響

宋瑛敏,金斗煥 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 1992 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.5 No.-

옥수수 silage의 영양가치 증진과 계분의 효율적이 처리방안으로 옥수수-계분 silage 제조시 formic acid 및 propionic acid첨가가 발효품질에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 재료의 성분중 옥수수에 많은 것은 조섬유, NFE, NDF, ADF였으며, 육계분에는 조단백질, 회분이 많이 함유되어 있었다. 2. Formic acid, propionic acid첨가로 옥수수-계분 silage의 화학적 조성에는 큰 변화가 없었다. 3. Propionic acid첨가구가 총질소함량에 대한 암모니아질소함량의 비율이 가장 낮아 품질이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 4. Propionic acid첨가구가 pH가는 가장 낮았고, Total acid함량은 가장 많았으나, Flieg's평점은 산처리 하지 않은 옥수수-계분 silage보다 낮았다. 5. 총생균수, 유산균수 및 대장균수로 볼 때 formic acid나 propionic acid첨가로 다소 발효억제효과를 찾을수 있으나 뚜렷하지는 않았다. This experiment conducted to determine the effects of formic and propionic acid on the quality of the corn-manured silage. Admixing corn forage with broiler manure at 30% rate(DM basis)and formic or propionic acid was added at ensiling time at 0.5%, 0.75% rate(wet basis) respectively. Chemical composition, fermentation acids, pH, microbial population and distribution of the nitrogen contents were evaluated. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Nutrients such as crude protein, crude ash were supplied from the broiler manure while crude fiber, NFE, NDF and ADF were supplied from the whole crop corn. 2. By adding the formic and propionic acid in the corn-manured silage, there was no marked difference in the general chemical compositions. 3. Production of ammonia nitrogen was the lowest in the propionic acid adding corn manured silage. 4. The pH value of the silage with propionic acid was the lowest, however total acid content was the highest. 5. Both total bacteria numbers and lactic acid bacteria being estimated as 10^6-10^7per g silage, were not significantly different among treatments.

男性不育에 關한 文獻的 考察

安世永,曺東鉉,杜鎬京,朴民豪 慶熙大學校韓醫科大學韓醫學硏究所 1995 慶熙韓醫大論文集 Vol.18 No.2

I could get to the conclusions as follows after studying our professors Drs' books and current magazine on Male Infertility. 1. Most of Drs. considered the reason of male infertility as Weakness(虛勞), which specially meant Jung(精)(the essence of life, or in this case could be semen) scarcity, Jung coldness, Jung lackness. They attributed the infertility to the seminal disorder. 2. In the treatment for male infertility, they emphasized the principle of reinforcing Shin(腎) and rearing Jung and presented correcting inclination as the major treatment. 3. In the medication for male infertility, they presented both special decoction and common medication through analyzing clinical symptoms. Especially, they warned to be deliberate in using hot and blazing ingredients. 4. They emphasized the regimen as the way of gathering and preserving Jung. 5. The unification of Oriental and occidental medicine is the current trend in treating the male infertility. And the analysis of the causes using the advanced diagnostic exams is prominent. 6. Spleen weakness(脾虛), liver stagnation(肝鬱) and phligm stasis(痰壅) could be the cause of male infertility, but the main cause was Shin weakness(腎虛). 7. New trials such as Acupoint Injection and Heating Acupunture as well as new decoction, acupuncture and moxibustion are being explored for curing the male infertily.