A Study on the obesity of middle-aged women

Cho, Hyun,Jin, Eun-Hee 仁濟大學校 2005 仁濟論叢 Vol.20 No.1

The goal of this study is to help promote the health of middle-aged women whose health is often not taken care of , by controlling weight to prevent obesity and various adult-related diseases. This research covered basic data related to obesity as well as exercise and food ingestion patterns of middle-aged women in the Gimhae and Jinju area. Research was conducted through a survey of 400 parents with children in elementary school on basic information as well as exercise and dietary habits. The survey composed of 11 exercise-related questions with a reliability factor of chronbach's a=.880, and 19 dietary habit related questions with a reliability factor of chronbach's a= .825. The data was analyzed using SAS 8.1, through frequency analysis, X^(2), and ANOVA. Math results of this study were as follows ; 1. Among general characteristics, subjects exhibited high instances of the followings: 70% of them are age 30-49, 75% have two chidren, 59.4% have 12years of education, 36.9% have a monthly income of 2,000-2,990thousand won, 57.3% are unemployed, and 51.9% are Buddhists. 2. On characteristics related to obesity, 64.6% are BMI 18.5 - 23, within normal range, 48.1% are trying to control weight, and 81.5% are exercising to control weight. 62.0% sited childbirth as the cause of weight increase. Average height of test subjects was 160.06cm, average weight 56.26kg, and BMI 21.96. The average pre-marital weight was 49.61kg and BMI 19.34. 3. On dietary habit related questions (max 5 points), the mean score was 4.00 among underweight subjects and 3.58 among overweight subjects, suggesting better dietary habits for the underweight group. Dietary habits and BMI have a significant statistical difference. 4. On exercise related questions (maximum 5 points), the mean score was 3.38 among overweight subjects and 2.66 for underweight subjects, suggesting that the overweight subjects exercised more. Exercise and BMI have a significant statistical difference.

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 Micafungin의 예방 효과 및 안전성

김시현,이동건,최수미,권재철,박선희,최정현,유진홍,이성은,조병식,김유진,이석,김희제,민창기,조석구,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,박종원 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.3

Background: Micafungin, a potent inhibitor of 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, is a novel antifungal agent of the echinocandin class. In vitro study showed that micafungin was effective against Aspergillus species as well as Candida species, but clinical data on the prophylactic efficacy against invasive fungal infections (IFIs) other than candidiasis are still lacking. Materials and Methods: We identified 60 consecutive adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients who received at least 3 doses of micafungin during neutropenic period. Micafungin was started as an alternative in patients who were intolerant or had adverse events (AEs) to primary prophylactic antifungal agents. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the efficacy and safety of micafungin for prophylaxis against IFIs. Results: The patients either had autologous (n=9) or allogeneic (n=51: 1 syngeneic, 24 sibling, 26 unrelated donor) HSCT. Itraconazole oral solution (n=58) was the most frequently used first line antifungal agent for prophylaxis and was administered for median 11 days. The most frequent cause of switch to micafungin was vomiting (n=42). The duration of neutropenia and micafungin administration was median 13 and 12 days, respectively. A successful outcome was achieved in 45 (75%) patients. Empirical antifungal therapy was initiated in 13 (22%) patients. There were 2 cases (3.3%) of breakthrough fungal infections which comprised a probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and a possible invasive fungal sinusitis. There was no case of invasive candidiasis. A total of 53 (88%) patients experienced at least one AE regardless of causality during micafungin administration. The most frequent AEs were hypokalemia, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase. Among the aforementioned AEs, only 1 case of diarrhea could be classified as a probable relation with micafungin when causality was assessed. There was no AEs that caused discontinuation of micafungin. Conclusions: Micafungin seems to be a safe and effective agent for prophylaxis of IFIs including aspergillosis as well as candidiasis in HSCT recipients. However, further large, prospective, and randomized comparative studies are warranted for aspergillosis.

Methylation Status and Expression of E-cadherin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas Compared to Benign Oral Epithelial Lesions

Son, Hyun-Jin,Chu, Jung-Youb,Cho, Eui-Sic,Lee, Dong-Geun,Min, Myung-Gee,Lee, Suk-Keun,Cho, Nam-Pyo The Korean Academy of Oral Biology 2006 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.31 No.2

Expression of invasion/metastasis suppressor, E-cadherin, is reduced in many types of human carcinomas. Although somatic and germline utations in the CDH1, which encodes the human E-cadherin, have frequently been reported in cases with diffuse gastric and lobular breast ancers, irreversible genetic inactivations are rare in other human carcinomas. Recently, it has been well documented that some genes in human cancers may be inactivated by altered CpG methylation. Herein, we determined the expression and methylation status of E-cadherin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by immunohistochemistry and methylation-specific PCR. The expression of E-cadherin was significantly higher in the well-differentiated oral SCCs than the moderately or poorly differentiated ones. None of eight tested benign pithelial hyperplasias showed aberrant methylation, whereas five of 12 oral squamous cell carcinomas showed aberrant methylation. When we compared E-cadherin expression with methylation status, oral SCCs with normal methylation showed a higher expression of E-cadherin than those with methylation. These findings suggest that aberrant CpG methylation of CDH1 promoter region is closely associated with transcriptional inactivation and might be involved in tumor progression of the oral mucosa.

위암환자의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin C-Carbon Particle의 Mitomycin 용출에 관한 연구

노승무,조영훈,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,강대영,송규상,조준식,최선웅,이진호,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,인현빈,정현용,김학용 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherpy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. The Mitomycin C(MMC) adsorbed by the activated charcoal particles(CH) is relatively released when the drug concentration surrounding the carbon particles becomes low in the peritoneum of the peritoneal cavity. For the intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the advanced gastric adenocarcnoma, mitomycin C adsorbed on activated carbon particles was administered in the peritoneal cavity just before abdominal wall closure. The closed drainage tubes were inserted in the peritoneal cavity and clamped for tuo hours after completion of operation. MMC concentrations were serially measured in peritoneal fluid, plasma and urine at 2hour, 48 hour, 72 hour and 168 hour following its administration in order to study the efficacy of the MMC-CH as a drug delivery system. There were minimal toxicities in born marrow, liver, and gastrointestinal system after intraperitoneal MMC-CH administration. The data of this study suggested that MMC-CH may have a somewhat more beneficial effect than surgery alone when administered in optimal dose and schedules, but the MMC concentration of the peritoneal fluid was not sufficient to eradicate remnant cancer cells, and effective duration of maintenance was only below 24 hours in the peritoneal fluid and plasma.

Escherichia coli 패혈증 환자에 합병된 대칭적 하지 말단 괴사증 1예

남해성,유진홍,권순석,민준기,조현선,박민경,심병주,남유정,이지인,김진수,길욱현,조근종,신완식 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.6

We have encountered a rare case of symmetrical peripheral gangrene complicating Escherichia coli sepsis in a 47-years-old male. He was successfully treated with antibiotics, anticoagulants, and vasodilator. To our knowledge, this is the first report on symmetrical peripheral gangrene complicating E. coli sepsis in Korea.

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

정신재활 치료가 정신분열병 환자의 재발율, 입원횟수, 입원일수 그리고 치료 경비에 미치는 효과 : 2년 추적조사 연구

조진석,공지현,김진원,심경순,하준선,김철권,강동호,장정희,변원탄 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

목 적 : 사회기술훈련, 환자교육, 가족교육, 집단치료, 예술치료, 작업치료와 같은 포괄적인 정신재활 치료를 약물치료와 병행할 경우 약물치료만 시행할 때에 비해 정신분열병 환자의 재발율, 입원횟수, 입원일수, 직접 치료경비 등에 어떤 효과가 있는 지를 알아보기 위함이다. 연구방법 : 1993년 9월부터 1995년 2월까지 양산 신경정신병원의 폐쇄병동에서 퇴원한 20∼35세 사이의 정신분열병 환자 173명을 대상으로 46명에게는 6개월동안 정신재활 치료를 시행하였고 127명에게는 통상적인 외래치료만 시행한 후 연구시작 시점을 포함하여 2년동안 양군에 속한 환자들을 대상으로 재발율, 입원횟수, 입원일수, 직접 치료경비 등을 1년 단위로 추적 조사하였으며, 연구시작 시점을 기준으로 전과 후의 매년 평균 입원횟수, 입원일수, 직접 치료경비도 서로 비교하였다. 결 과 : 정신재활 치료를 약물치료와 병행할 경우 약물치료만 시행할 때에 비해 재발율, 입원횟수, 입원일수, 직접 치료비용이 현저히 감소되었다. 그리고 정신재활 치료를 받은 군에서는 치료 전에 비해 치료 후에 재발율, 입원횟수, 입원일수, 직접 치료비용이 유의하게 감소하였지만 통상적인 외래치료만 받은 군에서는 치료 전과 후간에 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 정신분열병 환자들에게 정신재활 치료를 약물치료와 병행할 경우 약물치료만 시행할 때에 비해 환자의 임상적 경과를 호전시킬 뿐 아니라 가족의 경제적 부담도 줄일 수 있다. Objective : We evaluated the clinical efficacy of a comprehensive psychiatric rehabilitation of schizophrenia, including family psychoeducation, patient education, social skills training, group psychotherapy, art therapy, and occupational therapy. Method : From September 1993 to February 1995, 173 chronic schizophrenics who met DSM-IV criteria and were discharged from a locked ward were assigned into the psychiatric rehabilitation service group(psychiatric rehabilitation group, n=46) or the customary out-patient service group(out-patient group, n=127) prospectively, but not randomly. Assignment was based on preferences of patients and their relatives, Each subject included in the psychiatric rehabilitation group received twice weekly patient education, social skills training, family psychoeducation, group psychotherapy, art therapy, occupational therapy and maintenance chemotherapy during a 6-month period. Those in the out-patient group received individual supportive psychotherapy and maintenance chemotherapy according to their clinical needs for 10-20 minutes once per week. After entry into the study, all subjects were assessed for the number of readmission, days of hospitalization, and the direct treatment costs through the first and second year of follow-ups. These outcome variables were also compared pre-and post-2 years at the time point of entry into the study. Aftercare chemotherapy on a weekly to monthly basis continued for the remainder of the two year follow-up period. Results : With regard to the mean number of hospital admissions per year, the mean days of hospitalization per year, and the direct treatment costs per year, the psychiatric rehabilitation group had significantly decreased all clinical outcomes 2 years after compared with before receiving psychiatric rehabilitation. But there were no significant differences in the all clinical outcomes between before and after study intake in the out-patient group. For the number of relapse regardless of drug compliance, 4 patients(9%) during first year and 14 patients(30%) during second year were relapsed in the 46 subjects of the psychiatric rehabilitation group. In contrast, 75 patients(59%) during first year and 90 patients (71%) during second year relapsed in the out-patient group. When considering the effect of drug noncompliance to relapse, 4(9%) and 14 patients(30%) were relapsed while on medication respectively during the first and second year in the 46 of the psychiatric rehabilitation group, vs. 27(34%) of 79 patients on medication during the first year and 31(46%) of 68 patients on medication during the second year were relapsed in the out-patient group. Conclusions : These results indicate that the comprehensive psychiatric rehabilitation can be useful therapeutic intervention both to improve the clinical outcomes of schizophrenic patients and to reduce the economical burden of their relatives.

一方向凝固시킨 Al-Cu-Mg共晶合金의 機械的 性質에 미치는 時效의 影響

趙顯驥,康晃鎭,趙美子 慶北大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.33 No.-

The microstructure and mechanical properties of unidirectionally solidified Al-Cu-Mg eutectic alloys have been studied in as-grown and aged condition. After unidirectionally solidification, specimens of solution treated and quenched eutectic were at 180°, 230°, 260℃ in a salt bath for various time. The results obtained are as follows; 1) Precipitation on hardening of the ductile phase is a feasible mechanism for strengthening of composites. 2) Mechanical Testing of the tenary eutectic has shown that composite is strengthened about 30 to 50% by ageing. 3) Tensile and compression strength of this composites are 25 and 70kg/㎟ by ageing treatment in growth 0.1mm/min. 4) The unidirectionally solidified structure are changed by ageing. It seems that the low Cu and Mg solute atoms are likely due to epitaxial precipitation onto CuAl_2 lamellar respectively.

최근 10년간 마취에 관한 임상적 고찰 (Ⅲ)

조현숙,김윤희,손수창,김혜자,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the specificity and the historical trends of the anesthetic agents and anesthetic methods used in Chungnam national university hospital, anesthetic experiences of 53,291 in total performed at Chungnam national university hospital from January 1987 to December 1996 were analized statistically and clinically according to age, sex, surgical department, physical status, elective to emergency surgery, premedicants, induction agents, anesthetic methods, main anesthetic agent, anesthetic technique and muscle relaxants. The results were as follows : L The number of cases has been steadily increased in annually. 2. The distribution of the number of patients according to the age were cases 37,309(70.02%) in the group of 13-60 years. 3. There were 27,448 male (51.5%) and 25,843 female (48.5%) cases. 4. 9,208 cases (17.27%) were OB-GY, 9,162 cases (17.19%) in general surgery, 7,936 cases(14.89%) in orthopedic surgery, and 6,079 cases (11.4%) in ENT in order of numbers. 5. According to the ASA classification of physical status , most of the cases were belonged to the class 1 (38.69%) class 2 (40.33%) class 1E (5.52%) class 2E (5.71%). Almost cases were relatively in good physical status. 6. The number of elective to emergency was 7,833 (89.76%), to 5,458 (10.24%) cases. 7. As premedicants, a group of glycopyrrolate (35.20%) was given most frequently. 8. Thiopental sodium has been mainly used for intravenous induction agent. 9. General anesthesia has been used as main method of anesthesia. 10. Enflurane was the most commonly used anesthetic agent. 11. Vecuronium was the most commonly used non-depolarizing muscle relaxant.

Co-계비정질 리본의 자기특성에 미치는 열처리 효과에 관한 연구

조치현,신용진,문현욱,서강수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This thesis describes the effect of annealing on the magnetic properties of Co-bsaed amorphous. The basic composition of the chosen samples were Co82Si2B15 of zero magnetostriction. The sample was melted in the quartz tube with 0.5[mm∮) nozzle. and the single roll technique was used to make a amorphous ribbon, under Ar-gas pressure 0.6〔kg/cm2] and ro11 speed 28[m/sec]. The average width and thickness of sample ribbons 2.4[mm] and 45(㎛). The sample ribbons were annealed to improve the magnetic properties at temperature of 325,350,375,400 and 450℃ respectively, for 15,30,45,60 and 120 [min] at each temperature. And I have measured high per meability of 8,000∼ 13,000 through the annealed amorphous ribbons. Especially, when the amorhpous samples were annealed at 325 for 45min, the permeability of the ribbon was 13,589. Consequently. I had effects of the improvment of permeability and the average loss at the low-frequency region.