정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

소아 Henoch-Schonlein 신염의 임상경과와 조직학적 특성 : Renal Outcome and Prognostic Factors

김병목,장창환,조민현,곽정식,고철우,구자훈 대한신장학회 2003 대한신장학회잡지 Vol.22 No.6

HFCVD법을 이용하여 제작한 n-형 다이아몬드 박막의 특성 연구

김병규,황윤식,권민철,김용,이재열,박홍준 동아대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.1

HFCVD법으로 암모니아 가스를 사용하여 n-형 도핑된 다이아몬드 박막을 제작하여, 기판온도와 암모니아 가스 첨가비에 따른 박막의 morphology의 변화를 조사하였다. 증착된 시료에 대한 SEM, Raman, XRD를 이용하여 박막의 특성을 분석하고, 도핑에 따른 전계방출 특성을 측정하였다. 양질의 n-형 도핑된 다이아몬드 박막을 증착시키기 위해 기판온도와 암모니아 첨가비에 따른 최적의 증착조건을 찾을 수 있었다. We fabricate n-doped diamond thin films by hot filament chemical vapor deposition method(HFCVD) using ammonia as a doping gas and investigate the effect of the substrate temperature and the ammonia gas ratio upon the diamond film morphology. The SEM, Raman spectroscopy, and the XRD analysis are executed to characterize film morphology. Field emission property of the film is measured also. We find optimum conditions of the substrate temperature and the ammonia gas ratio to deposit high quality n-doped diamond thin films.

局部挫屈 및 彈塑性擧動을 考慮한 空間트러스의 幾何學的인 非線形 有限要素解析

김문영,민병철 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1993 論文集 Vol.44 No.2

本 硏究에서는 空間트러스 構造의 幾何學的 非線形 및 材料非線形 擧動을 解析하기 위한 有限要素法을 提示한다. 이를 위하여, 트러스部材, 大變形, 部材 局部挫屈 그리고 彈塑性擧動을 考慮하는 彈性 및 幾何學的인 剛度매트릭스를 誘導하고, 不平衡荷重 算定方法을 取扱한다. 또한 트러스 構造의 極限擧動解析, 後挫屈解析을 수행하기 위하여 變位 및 荷重 增分法을 適用한다. 局部挫屈, 彈塑性 擧動을 보이는 트러스 構造를 解析하여 文獻의 결과와 比較 檢討 함으로써 提示된 理論의 妥當性을 檢證한다. A simple and useful expression for the tangent stiffness matrix of a truss undergoing arbitrary large deformation, member local buckling and elastoplastic behavior is given. In elastoplastic analysis, the isotropic and kinematic hardening models are applied. An load/displacement incremental algorithm is used to solve the incremental equilibrium equations in the post-buckling range of the truss structure. Numerical examples to illustrate the validity of the present approach in analyzing truss structures. efficiently and accurately, are given and discussed.

變形된 쉘 要素를 이용한 板 및 쉘構造의 彈塑性 挫屈解析

김문영,민병철 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.2

For the post-buckling and elasto-plastic analysis of plates and shells, the total Lagrangian formulation based upon the degenerated shell element is presented. In the calculation of the tangent stiffness matrix of the shell element, shear deformation effects due to shear forces and elastoplastic behaviors are considered and the selective or reduced integration scheme with an attempt to overcome shear locking phenomena is applied. For geometric non-linear analysis including bifurcation branching points, snap-through and turning-back behaviors, the automatic load/displacement incremental method is adopted. Based on such methodology and algorithm the computer program which can trace post-buckling and elastoplastic behaviors is developed and numerical examples for non-linear behaviors of plates and shells are presented.

Maltoheptaose and Maltooctaose as the Superior Aroma Encapsulating Agents

Byoung Cheol Min,So Young Kwon,Young Seung Jeon,이병훈,백형희,Kwan-Hwa Park 한국식품과학회 2010 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.19 No.6

Maltoheptaose (G7) and maltooctaose (G8)were examined as potential encapsulating agents for aroma compounds and compared with commercially available maltodextrins with the dextrose equivalent (DE) 10 and 18. Solutions of each encapsulating agent were homogenized with aromas and spray dried. The initial amounts of aroma compounds retained in each encapsulating agent were as follows: G7<G8≈DE 18<DE 10. During storage at 25℃,G8 was most effective at retaining the aroma compounds among 4 encapsulating agents used in this study, then followed by G7. This result may be due to the high molecular weight and uniform wall matrix composed of either pure G8 or G7 when compared to the commercial maltodextrins that had a broad distribution of molecular weights. Our results suggest that G7 and G8 can serve as excellent encapsulating agents for aroma compounds.

전단변형을 고려한 일축대칭 박벽 곡선보의 면외 좌굴 및 자유진동에 대한 엄밀해 연구

민병철 ( Byoung-cheol Min ) 한국고등직업교육학회 2004 한국고등직업교육학회논문집 Vol.5 No.3

For out-of-plane buckling and free vibration analyses of thin-walled curved beams with non-symmetric cross sections in account for shear deformation, an improved formulation is proposed. Firstly the displacement field is introduced considering the second order terms of semi tangential rotations. Next an elastic strain energy is newly derived by using transformation equations of displacement parameters and stress resultants and considering shear deformation effects due to shear forces and restrained warping torsion. And then the potential energy due to initial stress resultants is consistently derived with accurate evaluation of Wagner effect. In order to illustrate the accuracy and the reliability of this study, closed-form and numerical solutions for instability and natural frequencies of the structure are cross-checked with each others and compared with results by available references. Furthermore, the parametric studies for shear deformation and curvature effect are performed on out-of-plane behaviors of curved beams.

전단변형효과를 고려한 부분강절 평면뼈대구조의 안정성 해석

민병철(Min Byoung Cheol),민동주(Min Dong Ju),정명락(Jung Myung Rag),김문영(Kim Moon Young) 대한토목학회 2011 대한토목학회논문집 A Vol.31 No.1A

구조부재의 연결은 강절(rigid), 활절(hinge) 그리고 부재 간의 상대적인 회전이 허용되는 부분강절(semi-rigid)로 구분될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 부분강절을 탄성회전스프링으로 가정하여 부재 단부에 적용시킨 평면 뼈대구조에 대하여 전단변형을 고려한 엄밀한 접선강도행렬을 유도하고 이를 다시 탄성강도행렬과 기하학적 강도행렬로 분리?유도함으로써 부분강절을 갖는 평면 뼈대구조물의 안정성해석을 위한 일반화된 해석방법을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위하여, 보-기둥부재의 좌굴조건을 만족시키는 처짐힘수로부터 안정함수(stability function)를 유도하고, 횡변위(sway)를 고려한 힘-변위관계와 적합조건을 고려하여 정확한 접선강도행렬을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 타당성을 입증하고 부분강절 뼈대구조의 전단거동 특성을 파악하기 위하여, 다양한 수치해석 예제에 대해 타 연구자 해석 결과와 본 연구의 안정성 해석결과를 비교하여 제시함으로서 전단변형과 부분강절이 구조물의 좌굴강도에 미치는 영향을 조사한다. Generally the connection of structural members is assumed as hinge, rigid and semi-rigid connections. The exact tangent stiffness matrix of a semi-rigid frame element is newly derived using the stability functions considering shear deformations. Also, linearized elastic- and geometric-stiffness matrices of shear deformable semi-rigid frame are newly proposed. For the exact stiffness matrix, an accurate displacement field is introduced by equilibrium equation for beam-column under the bending and the axial forces. Also, stability functions considering sway deformation and force-displacement relations with elastic rotational spring on ends are defined. In order to illustrate the accuracy of this study, various numerical examples are presented and compared with other researcher's results. Lastly, shear deformation and semi-rigid effects on buckling behaviors of structure are parametrically investigated.

회전 및 횡방향 스프링으로 연결된 부분강절 뼈대구조의 안정성 해석

민병철 ( Byoung-cheol Min ) 한국고등직업교육학회 2012 한국고등직업교육학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1·2

For stability analysis of steel frames with semi-rigid connection by rotational and transverse movable springs, the explicit form of the exact tangential stiffness matrix of a frame element having generalized semi-rigid connections is derived using stability functions. The tangential stiffness matrices for three types of joint connections(rotation, transverse and combination spring connections) are degenerated using the penalty method and static condensation techniques. FE program based on present theory is formulated. Therefore, the accurate system buckling load of structure can be obtained by only one element modeling per one structural member because of using the exact stability functions. Finally, `Numerical procedures for determining the effective buckling length of semi-rigid frame member are detailed for various examples. Also, the relations of system buckling load and various spring connections are discussed.

전단변형을 고려한 부분강절 뼈대구조의 안정성 해석

민병철 ( Byoung-cheol Min ) 한국고등직업교육학회 2008 한국고등직업교육학회논문집 Vol.9 No.3

The generalized exact tangent stiffness matrix of semi-rigid frame with shear deformations using the stability functions is newly proposed in this paper. In this formulation, shearing force acting on cross section is normal to the axis of the member as conservative force philosophy. In order to verify the present theory, FE program has been developed by using the generalized exact tangent stiffness matrix. Especially, FE program based on the exact tangent stiffness matrix in this present study has a good advantage showing the buckling load is evaluated accurately by only one element per one member in numerical modeling. Furthermore, this scheme by Penalty method provides eigen vectors for buckling shape plotting. Finally, numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and the practical usefulness of the proposed theory.