인체혈장 중 에탐부톨의 HPLC 분석법의 검증 및 단일용량 투여에 의한 약물동태 연구

곽혜선,박경호,최준식,송진아,성민경,장정옥,이화정 한국약제학회 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.2

An HPLC method was employed for the determination of ethambutol in human plasma. After addition of internal standard (IS, octylamine, 2 μg/mL) and alkalinization of the plasma with 5 M sodium hydroxide, the drug and IS were extracted into the mixture of chloroform and diethyl ether (40:60, v/v). Following a 15-min vortex-mixing and a 10-min centrifugation, the organic phase was spiked with 100 pL of phenylethylisocyanate (2000 μg/mL) for chemical derivatization, mixed for 5 min and evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was reconstituted with 100 μL of mobile phase and 20 pL was injected into Cl8 column with a mobile phase consisting of methanol:water (70:30, v/v). The samples were detected utilizing an ultraviolet detector at 200 nm. The method was specific and validated with a limit of 0.15 μg/mL. Infra- and inter-day precision and accuracy were acceptable for all quality control samples including the lower limit of quantification. The applicability of this method was demonstrated by analysis of human plasma after oral administration of a single 1200-mg dose to 20 healthy subjects. From the plasma ethambutol concentration vs. time curves, the mean AUC was 9.61 ± 1.64 μg hr/mL. and Cmax of 2.68 μg/mL reached 2.73 hr after administration. The mean biological half-life of ethambutol was 3.46 ± 1.21 hr. Based on the results, this simple and validated assay could readily be used in any pharmacokinetic studies using humans.

사지발생 중 표피성장인자-수용체 표현과 Etretinate와의 상관성

김승민,김강련,박선화,전용혁 대한해부학회 1994 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.27 No.3

효소면역측정법을 이용한 Fumonisin의 검출법 개발

손동화,한성민,임선희,이인원,조선희,강신영,이경애 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Fumonisin에 대한 효소면역측정법(ELISA)을 개발하기 위하여 특이항체를 생산하고, 분석조건을 확립하여, 인위적으로 오염시킨 옥수수 시료의 분석을 행하였다. Fumonisin B_1 (FB_1)을 cholera toxin (CT)에 결합시킨 FB_1-CT conjugate를 면역원으로 하여 Freund's adjuvant와 함께, 또는 단독으로 두 군의 토끼에 면역하고 특이항체를 생산하였다. 항혈청을 ELISA로 분석한 결과 그 adjuvant와 함께 면역한 경우 항체역가(titer)가 높게 나타났다. 가장 높은 항체역가(1 : 16,000)를 나타낸 항혈청 및 그로부터 정제한 항체를 이용하여 간접법 및 직접법에 의한 경합적 ELISA(ciELISA 및 cdELISA)를 각각 확립하였다. 이 항체의 유사독소와의 교차반응을 ciELISA로 조사하였을 때, FB_3에 대한 교차반응율은 2%로 매우 낮았으나, FB_2에 대한 것은 179%로 다소 높았다. FB_1의 검출한계는 ciELISA에서 0.03ppb, cdELISA에서 0.3 ppb로 각각 나타났다. 실제 곡물시료의 분석에 ELISA 활용가능성을 조사하기 위하여 인위적으로 FB_1을 오염시킨 옥수수를 75% methanol로 추출하고 그 회수율을 측정한 결과, 분석이 불안정하여 회수율이 일정하게 나타나지 않았다. 그러나 방해물질의 제거를 위하여 시료추출액을 strong anion exchange(SAX) cartridge를 거쳐 세척한 다음 분석하였을 때, 3~10 ppm 범위의 FB_1 오염 옥수수에서 평균 34%(CV의 평균, 8.2%)의 안정된 회수율을 보였다. In order to develop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for fumonisins, production of specific antibodies, establishement of ELISA conditions, and quantitation of the toxin from spiked corns by ELISA were performed. Fumonisin B_1 (FB_1) conjugated to cholera toxin (CT) with or without Freund's adjuvant was subcutaneously injected into 2 groups of rabbits. When the titer of the antisera produced by each rabbit tested, higher titer was observed in case of the immunization with the adjuvant. By use of the antiserum showing the highest titer (1 : 16,000) and its purified antibodies, competitive indirect and direct ELISA's (ciELISA and cdELISA) were established, respectively. When the cross-reactivity of the antibody against fumonisin analogs was investigate by the ciELISA is was very low against B_3 (2%) but high against fumonisin B_2 (179%). The sensitivity of the ELISAs was also very high, because the detection limit for FB_1 was 0.03 ppb in ciELISA and 0.3 ppb in cdELISA. When the ELISA's were applied to the spiked corns after extraction with 75% methanol, the assay recovery of FB_1 was too unstable to assay. However, when cleanup by strong anion exchange (SAX) cartridge was introduced to remove interfering materials, the mean ELISA recovery of FB_1 from corns spiked to 3~10 ppm was found to be 34.0% and stable (mean of CV, 8.2%).

만경강 상류 유역의 수질 및 오염부하량 특성

최선화,이광야,오종민 경희대학교 2005 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This study is to analyze characteristics of pollutant load on the upper Mankyeong river watershed with combined urban and rural area during the irrigation season. The magnitude of the runoff and the BOD were by order of Daechon, Jeonju stream, Gosan stream and Soyang stream. The amount of organic matter in the downstream was higher than the one in the upstream. The magnitude of the T-N was by order of Daechon, Jeonju, Soyang and Gosan. And T-P was by order of Daechon, Jeonju, Gosan and Soyang. As for T-N, 92% of the Jeonju stream transferred into the Daechon. On the other hand, T-P in Daechon decreased by 40% in comparison with the Jeonju stream, which is due to dilution and deposition while transferring. While period of irrigation, it was found that the quality of water at upstream of Mankyeong river in Gosan and Soyang were good, but a decline of water quality can be seen after joining with Jeonju. The ratio Jeonju to Daechon of BOD, T-N, and T-P were 55%, 92%, 163% respectively. Water quality at Jeonju stream get deteriorating and at Daechon point expect to get worse. From the concentration and load of pollution, Daechon point is more serious than Gosan and Soyan stream point.

사상성 조류매트 고속산화지의 수질정화효율 평가

최선화,안열,오종민 경희대학교 2005 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This study was carried out to evaluate of water purification in oxidation pond with filaments algae mat. It is the water treatment process in the small rural streams to remove the organic materials and nutrients. We used the filaments algae mat(FAM) which selectively predominate to prevent the additional contamination by algae outflow. The removal efficiencies of COD, SS, T-N and T-P in oxidation pond with filaments algae mat were -2.5%, 84.7%, 63.9% and 89.2%, respectively. The removal efficiencies of T-N and T-P which are nutrients index were high. Results of this study would help us to determine the possibility of using the water treatment on the contaminated small rural streams.

제초제 Mefenacet의 토양 중 흡착 특성

김성민,조일규,이은영,박선화,이재구 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.1

물리화학적 특성에 따른 mefenacet의 토양 중 흡착 특성을 알아보고자 전국을 대표하는 6개 지역 토양을 채취하여 흡착실험을 하였다. 흡착 평형 도달 시간은 5시간이었고 각 토양에 대한 흡착실험 결과 화산회토(미사질식양토)인 제주 남원통의 흡착계수 K_(f) 값이 89.2로서 가장 높았고 사양토인 대전통은 2.37으로 가장 낮았다. 각 토양에 대한 흡착계수의 크기는 미사질식양토 2종>미사질양토 1종>양질사토 1종>사양토 2종 순이었으며, mefenacet의 토양 흡착에 미치는 토양의 특성은 토양유기물>양이온치환용량>점토광물 순이었고 토양 pH는 크게 영향을 미치지 않았다. 한편 흡착 분배계수와 토양잔류 반감기를 이용하여 유기화합물의 지하수 오염 가능성을 평가하는 수단으로 사용되는 GUS 값을 산출한 결과 3개 지역 토양은 1.20~1.77이었고 나머지 3개 토양은 1.87~2.42로서 전자는 비용탈성(nonleacher), 그리고 후자는 전이용탈성(transitional)으로 분류되어 mefenacet은 6개 지역 토양에서는 지하수 오염 가능성이 매우 희박한 것으로 판단되었다. The adsorption characteristics of [^(14)C] mefenacet were investigated with six types of soil collected from different locations. The equilibrium time for adsorption was five hours. The adsorption coefficient(Kf) of Namwon series (volcanic ash soil) showed the highest value of 89.2 while Daejeon series (loamy sand) showed the lowest value of 237. The Kf values decreased in order of silty clay loam > silty loam > loamy sand > sandy loam, and the effect of soil properties on the adsorption of mefenacet in soil increased in order of clay mineral < CEC < organic matter. No significant effect was observed by the change of soil pH. The ground water ubiquity scores (GUS index) were 1.20~1.77 in three types of soil while 1.87~2.42 in the others, indicating that the former group belonged to nonleachers and the latter group to the transitional Mefenacet in the test soil series seemed to have low possibility of contaminating ground water.

남제주 화력발전소의 증설과 저감대대책의 영향 분석

이화운,김유근,정우식,오은주,임헌호,노순아,반수진,최현정,김민선,김헌숙 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 環境硏究報 Vol.20 No.-

In the view of the results investigated the effect of air pollutants that is emitted from a new generator facilities, the total estimated concentration which is the summation of a contributional concentration and observational concentration is much less than that of atmospheric environment criterion for the air pollutants. So we can predict that the operation of the new generator facilities with mitigation equipment don't seriously affect around environment. At the same time, we compared the contributional concentration of before mitigation equipment with that of after it to examine the decreasing amount due to mitigation equipment. The result showed that the concentration of SO2, NO2 and PM-10 is reduced to 25%, 30% and 26% of original value, respectively.

Photovoltaic properties of TiO2-based solar cells with sodium ethanesulfonate-modified photoelectrodes

Kim, Sun Jie,Kim, Wook Hyun,Lee, Chang-Hyun,Kim, Hwa-Min,Kang, Cheon Su,Han, Yoon Soo Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS - Vol.651 No.1

<P>Effects of sodium ethanesulfonate (SES) adsorbed on photoelectrode surface on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was investigated. SES-modified photoelectrode was prepared by soaking the TiO2 film to an aqueous SES solution for 20 min. The DSSC with SES-modified TiO2 layer showed an increase in open circuit voltage (V-oc), short circuit current (J(sc)) and fill factor (FF), resulting in a power conversion efficiency of 11.20%, compared to that of reference device with bare TiO2 (10.21%). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and open circuit voltage decay measurements revealed that the SES modification of TiO2 surface led to a longer electron lifetime by the suppression of the interfacial charge recombination between photo-injected electrons and I-3(-) ions, resulting in an increase in J(sc) and V-oc, compared with those of a reference device without surface modification.</P>

전통 떡류에 대한 대학생들의 이용 현황에 관한 연구

정효선,서경화,신민자 한국조리과학회 2004 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumption patterns of traditional Korean rice cake among college students. Self administered questionnaires were collected from 512 college students in the Seoul, Kyunggi, Chungchung, Kyungsang, Junla and Gangwondo areas. The data were statistically analysed using frequency analysis, chi-squared and t-tests and a one-way ANOVA. By examining the results of the student's perceptions of traditional Korean rice cake, it was found that most knew little, or only a moderate amount, about this type of food. Meanwhile, more than half the students liked traditional Korean rice cake, as this type of food satisfied their need for a traditional Korean taste, while the reason for disliking was that they were more familiar with western-style confectionary. Most students answered that they only ate traditional Korean rice cake on special occasions, such as big holidays or ceremonies for the dead ancestors. Most answered that they bought those foods at conventional markets, the mile in the neighborhood, (Eds note: I don't understand, do you mean, "within a mile of their neighborhood"?) or atbig malls. The factor they considered the most important at the time of purchase was the quality(taste), which demonstrates the need for the development of traditional Korean rice cakes, with new tastes and shapes, which still satisfy the Korean's taste, whilemaintaining the traditional taste. For the questions that asked about the problems faced by the traditional Korean rice cake manufacturing industry, and the reasons for low consumption, the students responded that buying this type of food was difficult as the outlets selling themwere not easy to find. Our results seem to suggest that there are almost no specialty stores for the sale of traditional Korean rice cake compared to the other types of cakes that are scattered all over the country. (Eds note: this is only my opinion, and I maybe wrong, but I would have though that trying to market traditional Korean rice cakes at local convenience stores, rather than specially stores, would make them more available to the general public. Their marketing at speciality stores will maintain the status quo, i.e. people will go to the speciality stores to purchase product for holidays and special occasions, wheras they will go to the local convenience stores to buy general everyday snacks etc.)

농업용수수질기준 제정을 위한 T-P 항목의 검증실험

최선화,김영일,김민호,이변우,오종민 경희대학교 2003 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This study was carried out to nvestigate- the effects of T-P concentrations in irrigation water on the growth, yield, and grain quality of rice. It acquire fundamental knowledges to set up irrigation water quality standards. The pot experiment was conducted with 5 treatments using irrigation water. It consisted of various total phosphorus concentrations (control, 1, 2, 5, 10 mg/L) and replicated four times with randomized block design. the results of this study showed that as t-P concentrations in irrigation water increases, plant height tended to increase. Dry weight of rice plant at t-P 10 mg/L was significantly higher than the control. However, t-P in irrigation water did not affect plant height, tiller number, plant; dry weight, yield, and quality of rice.