한국인 폐확산능 정상예측식의 임상적 유용성과 정확성

나승원 ( Seung Won Ra ),박태선 ( Tai Sun Park ),홍윤기 ( Yoon Ki Hong ),홍상범 ( Sang Bum Hong ),심태선 ( Tae Sun Shim ),임채만 ( Chae Man Lim ),이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ),고윤석 ( Youn Suck Koh ),김우성 ( Woo Sung Kim ),김동순 ( Dong 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2008 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.64 No.2

연구배경: 폐확산능을 해석하는 데 필요한 정상예측식으로는 한국인을 대상으로 하여 박 등이 개발한 식(박 식)이 있으나 아직 외국 정상예측식을 많이 사용하고 있다. 이에 국내에서 많이 사용하는 외국 정상예측식인 Burrows 식과 박 식의 임상적 유용성과 정확성을 비교하고자 하였다. 방법: 1. 임상적 유용성 연구; 2006년 7월부터 12월까지 6개월간 폐확산능검사를 시행한 환자 중 두 식을 각각 정상예측식으로 적용하였을 때 폐확산능 해석이 다른 276명(대상군 A)을 대상으로 하였다. 대상군 A에게 두 식을 각각 적용하였을 때 폐확산능 해석과 임상적 판단과의 일치도를 비교하여 임상적 유용성을 평가하였다. 2. 간질성폐질환 진단의 정확성 비교; 2001년부터 2006년까지 폐조직검사를 시행하여 확진된 간질성폐질환군과 서울아산병원에서 모집한 정상군을 대상으로 하여 정상예측식으로 두 식을 각각 적용하였을 때 폐확산능 해석의 정확도를 비교하였고, 두 식이 차이가 나는지 맥니머의 카이스퀘어 검정을 하였다. 결과: 1. 임상적 판단과의 일치도 비교; 276명을 임상정보를 토대로 폐확산능을 예측하여 분류한 결과 정상 54명, 감소 220명, 불분명이 2명이었다. 예측식으로 박 식과 Burrows 식을 적용하였을 때 임상적 판단과 일치하는 환자는 각각 78%와 22%이었다(p<0.001). 2. 간질성폐질환 진단의 정확성 비교; 박 식은 민감도 90.1%, 특이도 100%이었고 Burrows 식은 민감도 64.2%, 특이도 100%로 민감도가 통계학적으로 유의하게 박 식이 높았다(p<0.001). 결론: 우리나라 정상예측식인 박 식이 외국 정상예측식인 Burrows 식을 정상예측식으로 적용하는 것보다 임상적 유용성이나 간질성폐질환 진단의 민감도에서 더 우월하였다. 향후 폐확산능검사의 정상예측식으로 박 식을 사용해야 할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Park et al. developed the Korean reference equation for the measurement of diffusing capacity in 1985. However, the equation has not been widely used in Korea and foreign reference equations have been popularly used. We intended to compare the clinical usefulness and the accuracy of the the Korean reference equation (Park`s equation) with that of the foreign equation (Burrows` equation) that is commonly used in Korea. Methods: 1. Evaluation of clinical usefulness; Among 1,584 patients who underwent diffusing capacity (DLCO) at the Asan Medical Center from July to December 2006, group A subjects included 276 patients who had different interpretations of DLCO in trials employing Burrows` equation and Park`s equation. Clinical assessment was decided by consensus of two respiratory physicians. In order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of Burrows` equation and Park`s equation, agreement of clinical assessment and DLCO interpretation were measured. 2. Evaluation of accuracy; Group B subjects were 81 patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and 39 normal subjects. The 81 ILD patients were diagnosed following a surgical lung biopsy. The accuracy of diagnosing ILD as well as sensitivity and specificity were evaluated according to the use of the reference equations (Burrows` equation and Park`s equation) for DLCO. Results: Agreement between clinical assessment and interpretation of DLCO was 22% for the use of Burrows` equation and 78% for the use of Park`s equation. The sensitivity and specificity of the Burrows` equation for diagnosing ILD were 64.2% and 100%. The sensitivity and specificity of the Park`s equation for diagnosing ILD were 90.1% and 100%. The sensitivity of the Park`s equation for diagnosing ILD was significantly higher than that of Burrows` equation (p<0.001). Conclusion: The Korean reference equation (Park`s equation) was more clinically useful and had higher sensitivity for diagnosing ILD than the foreign reference equation (Burrows` equation). (Tuberc Respir Dis 2008;64:80-86)

Phong Shading 알고리즘을 적용한 3차원 영상을 위한 고속 그래픽스 가속기 연구

박윤옥,박종원,Park, Youn-Ok,Park, Jong-Won 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2010 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.10 No.5

2차원 그래픽을 3차원 그래픽으로 변환하기 위한 삼차원 그래픽 알고리즘들은 복잡하고 다양한 기법의 사용으로 인하여 대규모의 반복 연산이 요구되고, 이로 인하여 실시간 삼차원 그래픽의 처리가 어려운 경우가 많다. 본 논문은 삼차원 그래픽 처리와 관련된 여러 가지 알고리즘 중에서 Phong Shading 알고리즘의 병렬처리 방법과 고속 하드웨어 처리를 위한 삼차원 그래픽 가속기에 관한 것으로, Park's 다중접근 기억장치와 다수의 연산기로 구성된 SIMD처리기를 사용한 삼차원 그래픽 가속기 구조를 제안하고 있으며, 제안된 가속기 구조를 HDL을 사용한 시뮬레이션을 통해 본 논문에서 제안된 삼차원 그래픽 가속기에 의해 복잡한 알고리즘을 갖은 어떠한 삼차원 그래픽 알고리즘도 병렬 처리 알고리즘을 적용하여 SIMD 가속기에 의한 실시간 처리가 가능함을 보였다. There are many algorithms for 2D to 3D graphic conversion technology which have the high complexity and large scale of iterative computation. So in this paper propose parallel algorithm and high speed graphics accelerator architecture using Park's MAMS(Multiple Access Memory System) for Phong Shading, one of many 3D algorithms. The Proposed SIMD processor architecture is simulated by HDL and simulated and got 30 times faster result. It means any kinds of 3D algorithm can make parallel algorithm and accelerated by SIMD processor with Park's MAMS for real time processing.

Simulated resin root canal에서 엔진 구동형 Ni-Ti 파일로 근관성형 후 Buchanan plugger의 근관 내 삽입깊이에 대한 비교 연구

박연식,김동준,황윤찬,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.2

본 연구는 레진 블록에서 엔진구동형 Ni-Ti 기구를 이용하여 근관성형 후 Buchanan plugger의 삽입 깊이에 대한 비교를 통해 임상적 상황에서 Ni-Ti 파일로 근관 성형 후 Continuous wave of condensation technique을 이용한 근관 충전시 적절한 크기의 Buchanan plugger 선택에 지침을 제공하기 위해 시행되었다. 만곡근관과 직선근관을 가진 레진 블록에서 ProTaper와 ProFile을 이용하여 근관 성형을 하였다. 성형 후 근관에 Buchanan plugger 가 근관벽과 처음으로 접촉하는 부위까지 삽입한 후 그 상태에서 스태너를 이용하여 이미지를 얻었다. 이미지 분석 프로그램을 이용해 근첨에서 plugger 첨부까지의 거리를 얻었다. 각 기구에 대한 plugger 삽입깊이에 대한 유의성을 검정하기 위해 one-way ANOVA를 시행하였고, 사후검정을 위해 Scheffe's test를 시행하였다. 본 연구의 결과 만곡되고 좁읍 근관에서, ProTaper F2와 F3로 마무리 성형한 근관에서 F. FM 크기의 plugger를 사용할 경우 Continuous wave of condensation technique으로 적절한 근관충전이 가능함을 시사하였다. This study was conducted to evaluate the insertion depth of Buchanan plugger after shaping by various Ni-Ti rotary files. It was conducted to determine which size of plugger are appropriate, when root canals are shaped with Ni-Ti rotary files and obturated by Continuous wave of condensation technique. Two type of eighty simulated resin blocks were used : J-shaped and straight shaped canal. The simulated canals were instrumented by ProTaper and ProFile. Buchanan pluggers were inserted into the canal, and then the image was recorded to scanner. The distance from the apex of the canal to the plugger tip was measured by image analysis program. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test. The results were as follows 1. In straight canal finished up to ProTaper F2 and F3 file, F and FM pluggers were inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working length. 2. In J-shaped canal finished up to ProTaper F2 file, F pluggers were inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working length. Finished up to ProTaper F3 file, F and FM pluggers were inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working length. 3. In straight and J-shaped canal finished up to ProFile . 06/#20 and ,06/#25, any of Buchanan plugger could not be inserted more than 5 ㎜ short of working lenghth. These results suggest that canals shaped by ProTaper could be obturated by Continuous wave of condensation technique with F and FM size Buchanan plugger.

형질전환 담배 식물체에서 개똥쑥 Terpene Synthase의 발현

박성길,홍성현,최근원,이윤형,정인식 경희대학교 생명자원과학연구원 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Expression of Artemisia annua terpene synthase in transgenic tobacco plants was examined. A full length cDNA encoding terpene synthase was cloned into pILTAB357 vector and transgenic tobacco plants were generated. The integration of this gene was analyzed by genomic DNA PCR and Southern blot analysis. The transcription of the terpene synthase gene in tobacco was confirmed by RT-PCR and northern blot analysis.

전력선/무선 통합 모뎀을 이용한 Door Lock의 원격 제어 시스템

박종연,이후찬,최원호 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2005 産業技術硏究 Vol.25 No.B

In this paper we proposed the remote control system for the door lock by the unified modem with the wireless and the power line modem. We developed the management system program between the door-lock system and the proposed unified modem. The infrared communication system was used between the Door-Lock system and the power line modem. With the unified developed modem and the Door-Lock system, it is possible to control remotely the developed system in the internet service area.

변색 실활치에 대한 carbamide peroxide gel의 표백효과

박선아,김선호,황윤찬,오병주,윤창,박영준,정선와,황인남,오원만 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.4

The bleaching of discolored nonvital teeth is conservative treatement that satisfy the cosmetic desire. The most common method for this treatement, walking bleaching, is using 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Many alternatives are suggested for preventing the external cervical root resorption that is the common complication of the nonvital teeth bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide. The same extent of oxidation reactions as that resulted by the bleaching with the application of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate can also be acquired more safely by materials that contain 10% carbamide peroxide, used primarily for the bleaching of vital teeth. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in nonvatal teeth bleaching. The internal bleaching of intentionally discolored teeth was performed in vitro with 10% carbamide peroxide (Group 1), 15% carbamide peroxide (Group 2), mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate (Group 3), and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate (Group 4). The bleaching materials were refreshed following 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. To evaluate the bleaching effect, the color change of the crowns was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 15 days of bleaching using the colorimeter. The results were as follows : 1. L^* and ΔE^* values were increased with time in all bleaching agents(p<0.01). 2. There was no significant difference in L^* and ΔE^* value among bleaching agents. 3. Δ^* value higher than 3 was shown after 3 days of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel, 1 day with 15% carbamide peroxide gel, 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and distilled water and 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide, respectively. These results revealed that the use of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in non-vital teeth bleaching is as effective as mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Accordingly, carbamide peroxide could be used clinically to bleach discolored non-vital teeth.

자가혈당측정기 Precision Q.I.D 평가

이수연,이성규,김종원,민원기,박효순 대한임상병리학회 1999 대한임상병리학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Sodium Salt of Bis (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentanol) Sulfosuccinate를 이용한 초임계 CO₂^(+)물 계의 마이크로에멀젼

박지영,김학원,이윤우,임종성 한국화학공학회 2004 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.42 No.2

대부분의 촉매, 이온, 단백질같이 비휘발성이고 친수성인 물질들은 초임계 이산화탄소에서는 잘 용해되지 않는 단점을 가지고 있다. 이는 이산화탄소가 무극성이며, 극성인 물에 대해 용해력이 매우 낮기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위한 방법으로, 물과 이산화탄소의 마이크로에멀젼 형성에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 물과 이산화탄소의 에멀젼을 형성히키기 위하여 친수기와 친이산화탄소기를 동시에 지닌 hydrocarbon-fluorocarbon hybrid 계면활성제인 sodium salt of bis(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluo-ro-1-pentanol) sulfosuccinate(F-AOT)를 합성하였다. 기초 데이터로 초임계 이산화탄소내에서 계면활성제의 용해도를 알아보기 위해 variable volume cell을 이용하여 계면활성제의 농도에 따른 cloud point를 측정하였고, 또한, 물+계면활성제+이산화탄소계의 cloud point 측정을 통하여 마이크로에멀젼이 안정적으로 형성되는 ‘마이크로에멀젼 안정 영역’을 구하였다. 초임계 CO_(2^(+)) 물 계의 마이크로에멀젼은 온도 308.34에서 368.25K까지, 압력 14.06에서 63.41 MPaRk지의 조건에서 안정적으로 형성되었다. Non-volatile hydrophilic substances such as ions, proteins, and catalysts have disadvantage that they are insoluble in liquid or supercritical CO₂ because of its very low dielectric constant and polarizability per volume. To overcome this disadvantage, we investigated the formation of the water-in-CO₂ microemulsion that nano size water droplets were dispersed into CO₂. In order to form this microemulsion, the fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon hybrid surfactant, that is, the sodium salt of bis (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoro-1-pentanol) sulfosuccinate(F-AOT) which has CO₂ philic chains and hydrophilic head group simultaneously was synthesized. To investigate the solubility of this surfactant in CO₂, the cloud point was measured with its various concentrations. And “the stability region of microemulsion” was also obtained by measuring the cloud point of water-in-CO₂ microemulsion. It was found that the water-in-CO₂ microemulsion was stably formed in the temperature range from 308.34 to 368.25 K, and in the pressure range from 14.06 to 63.41 MPa.

765 KV 送電線路의 導體表面 電界에 따른 코로나 騷音 特性에 관한 硏究

趙光元,朴允錫 大田産業大學校 2000 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

In order to select an optimal conductor for 765 kv transmission line, the conductor should be satisfied with the design criteria of electrical environmental factors which are resulted from corona. An environmental countermeasure of corona problem uses an thick conuctor or multi-conductor method which reduce corona to the minimum by decreasing of the electric surface gradients. Because KEPCO 765kv line in the world, the characteristics of corona has been studied extensively using corona cage. Corona noise of transmission line is effected by the surface gradient of conductor, and the lower sub-conductors have higher surface gradient due to the lower sub-conductors have more rain drops than the upper sub-conductor. Therefore this paper suggests a new surface decreasing method which is using two-kinds sub-conductors in one bundle. It is shown that this method is a better solution for reducing audile noise than either the conventional bundle or the asymmetric bundle proposed by EPRI using the simulation test of corona cage.

급성 후두개염을 동반한 쯔쯔가무시병 3예

이호연,유원상,박상원 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.4

쯔쯔가무시병은 발열, 두통, 권태감, 근육통, 호흡 곤란, 발진, 인후통 등의 증상을 나타내는 급성 발열 질환으로 대부분 항생제 치료로 신속하게 호전 된다. 그러나 최근에는 쯔쯔가무시병 환자에서 중증 합병증이 동반되는 경우가 많이 보고 되고 있으며, 급성 후두개염도 잠재적인 중증 합병증이다. 저자들은 쯔쯔가무시병에 동반치료에 된 급성 후두개염 환자에서 심한 인후통, 연하곤란 및 호흡곤란의 증상이 단기간 스테로이드 의해서 신속히 반응하는 것을 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Scrub typhus is an endemic rickettsial disease with annual seasonal outbreak in Korea and its incidence is increasing. Recently, cases of scrub typhus with severe complications, such as septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute renal failure, myocarditis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and meningitis have been increasingly reported. Acute epiglottitis is the one of potentially life-threatening scrub typhus related complications. Its initial clinical manifestations are sore throat, dysphagia or dyspnea. Although 22-62% of scrub typhus patients complain of sore throat, the etiology and optimal therapy are not yet known. We experienced 3 cases of scrub typhus-associated acute epiglottitis which rapidly responded to short-term corticosteroid administration.