Homogeneous Liquid Crystal Molecules on Al₂O₃ Alignment Films Using Atomic Layer Deposition as a Function of Deposition Temperature

Lee, Gun-Young,Park, Hong-Gyu,Jeong, Hae-Chang,Oh, Byeong-Yun,Han, Jeong-Min,Seo, Dae-Shik American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.16 No.8

<P>In this study, we investigated the orientation characteristics of liquid crystals (LCs) on Al2O3 alignment films, which were deposited at three different deposition temperatures by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The deposition temperatures of the ALD process were 100, 200, 300 degrees C, respectively. To achieve a unidirectional orientation of LC molecules, ion beams were irradiated on the Al2O3 alignment films at an ion beam (IB) incident energy of 2400 eV. The orientation of LC molecules within LC cells, fabricated by the Al2O3 alignment films deposited at different deposition temperature, indicated the horizontal direction of the atomic-layer-deposited Al2O3 alignment films. We confirmed that the LC cells fabricated by Al2O3 alignment films deposited at different deposition temperatures had similar electro-optical (EO) performance and pretilt angle characteristics. Through a physicochemical analysis, we found that Al2O3 films were unaffected by the deposition temperature, which caused similar LC orientation characteristics. In other words, the fact that Al2O3 films deposited by ALD were unaffected by the deposition temperature means that the method using ALD applied on LC alignment films can have a wide deposition temperature range.</P>

Solution-Derived Zn-Doped GaO Films as Alignment Layers for Twisted-Nematic Liquid Crystal Displays Using Ion-Beam Bombardment

Yun-Gun Lee,Gi-Seok Heo,Hong-Gyu Park,Hae-Chang Jeong,Ju Hwan Lee,Dae-Shik Seo IEEE 2015 IEEE electron device letters Vol.36 No.8

<P>This letter demonstrates liquid crystal (LC) alignment on solution-derived Zn-doped GaO (ZnGaO) films using an ion beam (IB) method. Homogeneous and uniform LC alignment was achieved on IB-irradiated ZnGaO films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze the chemical bonding states of the IB-irradiated ZnGaO surfaces to verify the compositional behavior for LC alignment. In addition, ZnGaO films with twisted nematic cells exhibited electro-optical characteristics comparable with those of a conventional polyimide layer for potential LC display applications.</P>

정상 성인에 경구 투여한 Cefixime 두 정제의 생물학적 동등성 비교

강진양,서성훈,이경태,문창훈,강진한,이동건,최정현,신완식 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.4

목적 : 식품의약안전청 고시 제 1998-86호(1998. 8.26) "생물학적 동등성 시험 기준"에 의하여 섹심 캅셀(시험약, 한국유나이트제약)과 슈프락스 캅셀(대조약, 동아제약)의 생물학적 동등성을 비교 검토하였다. 방법 : 2×2 라틴 방격법에 따라 건강한 성인 남성 지원자 20명에게 cefixime 100㎎씩 경구투여하였다. 약제투여 후 12시간까지 일정간격으로 채혈하였고 각 피험자들의 혈중약물농도 데이터로부터 구한 Area under the concentration (AUC), C_(max), T_(max) 등의 생체이용률 파라미터에 대해 통계학적으로 고찰하여 두 제제간의 생물학적 동등성을 평가하였다. 결과 : AUC, C_(max), T_(max)에 대한 평균값의 차가 각각 1.26%, 3.73%, 6.21%로서 모두 대조약의 20% 이내에 들어 생물학적 동등성 판정기준의 전제조건을 만족하였다. 분산분석 결과 AUC, C_(max), T_(max)의 각 비교 항목에 있어서 모두 유의수준 α=0.05의 군/순서효과 검정에서 F비가 F 분석표의 한계값보다 작아 교차시험이 제대로 이루어졌음을 확인할 수 있었으며, AUC, C_(max), T_(max) 각 비교항목에 있어서 유의수준 α=0.05에서 대조약에 대한 최소검출차(Δ)가 각각 17.74%, 17.05%, 15.67%로 모두 20% 이내이었으며, 검출력(1-β)도 모두 0.8 이상으로 나타나 생물학적 동등성 판정기준을 만족시켰다. 또 AUC, C_(max), T_(max) 각 비교항목에 있어서 대조약에 대한 생체이용률 차이의 신뢰한계(δ)가 ±20% 이내이어야 한다는 생물학적 동등성 판정기준을 모두 만족시켰다. 결론 : 이상의 실험결과로 시험약은 대조약에 대하여 생물학적 동등성 평가항목인 AUC, C_(max), T_(max)에서 모두 판정기준을 만족시켜 시험약은 대조약과 생물학적으로 동등하다고 사료된다. Background : The study was designed to compare the bioeqivalence between the test (CEXIME®. United Korea. Co., Ltd) and control (SUPRAX®. Dong-a Pharm. Co.. Ltd) capsules of cefixime. Methods : Twenty. healthy, male volunteers completed the study Each subject ingested single dose (100 ㎍) of the control and test drugs in 2?2 crossover design with a week drug-free interval between the doses. Blood samples were collected serially up to 12 hours and plasma concentrations of cefixime were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. A non-compartmental approach was used for analysis of the concentration-time data. Results : The area under the curve (AUC), the maximum concentration of drug (C_(max)). and time to reach C_(max)(T_(max)) did not show any significant difference between the two preparations by ANOVA. The mean differences of AUC, C_(max), and T_(max) were within 20% of the control drug, those were 1.26%. 3.73%. and 6.21%. respectively. The confidence limits of three parameters were satisfied the bioeqivalence criteria. Conclusion : These results suggest that the test drug was bioequivalent with the control drug.

Homogeneous liquid crystal alignment characteristics on solution-derived HfYGaO films treated with IB irradiation.

Lee, Yun-Gun,Park, Hong-Gyu,Jeong, Hae-Chang,Lee, Ju Hwan,Heo, Gi-Seok,Seo, Dae-Shik Optical Society of America 2015 Optics express Vol.23 No.13

<P>Solution-derived HfYGaO films have been treated by ion beam (IB) irradiation and used as liquid crystal (LC) alignment layers. Solution processing was adopted due to its simplicity, high throughput, and facile composition modification. Homogeneous and uniform LC alignment was achieved on the IB-irradiated HfYGaO films, and when these films were adopted in twisted nematic (TN) cells, electro-optical performance comparable to that of TN cells with conventional polyimide layers was achieved, with almost no capacitance-voltage hysteresis. Moreover, LC cells based on IB-irradiated HfYGaO films had a high thermal budget. The proposed IB-irradiated solution-derived HfYGaO films have considerable potential for use in advanced LC applications.</P>

제1형 당뇨병 환자에서 췌도세포 동종이식의 반복시행

양태영,정인경,서인아,오은영,조건영,오승훈,김성주,정재훈,민용기,이명식,이문규,김광원,도영수,주성욱 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.4

연구배경:췌도세포 이식은 시술이 간편하고 안전하기 때문에 반복이식이 가능하여 그 동안 여러 센터에서 반복이식의 성공을 보고한 바 있다. 국내에서도 본 병원을 비롯하여 몇몇 센터에서 췌도세포 이식이 활발히 시도되고 있으나 사람에서의 동종이식 및 동종 이식의 반복시행은 보고된 바 없는 실정이다. 저자 등은 국내 최초로 췌도세포 동종이식을 시행하여, 혈청 C­펩타이드가 증가하고 인슐린 요구량이 감소하였으며, 혈당농도와 당화혈색소의 안정을 보였다. 그러나 이식 70일 후 다시 인슐린 요구량이 증가하고 C­펩타이드가 감소하여 췌도세포 이식을 다시 시행한 바 있다. 2차 이식 후 70여일이 지난 현재 다시 혈청 C­펩타이드가 증가하고, 인슐린 요구량이 더 감소되어 췌도세포 이식에서 반복 시행의 유용성을 보고하는 바이다. 방법:환자는 32세 남자로 17년전 당뇨병 진단 후 인슐린 치료 중이었으며, 3년전 부터는 만성신부전증으로 혈액툭석을 하고있었다. 1999년 12월 25일 신장이식을 하였고 3일 후 췌도이식을 하였으며, 두번째 이식은 70일 후 시행하였다. 췌도분리는 변형된 Recordi방법과 비연속성 자당 농도차(discontinuous density gradient)를 이용하였으며 분리한 췌도는 배양 후 환자의 신장기능이 정상화되고 미생물학 검사에서 음성을 확인한 후 경피경간으로 간문맥을 접근하여 16G 폴리 에틸렌 카테터를 이용하여 간실질에 이식하였다. 결과:1차 췌도이식시 순수분리전 췌도수는 210,000개, 순수분리후 획득한 췌도수는 90,000개, 순도 95%, 세포양 1.0mL 이었고, 2차 췌도이식시 순수분리전 췌도수는 420,000개, 순수분리후 획득한 췌도수는 370,000개, 순도 95%, 세포양 1.5mL 이었다. 1,2차 모두 간문맥을 통해 약 20분에 걸쳐 간실질에 주입하였다. 췌도이식전 인슐린요구량은 75∼75U/일, HbA1e 8∼10%, C­펩타이드 0.6ng/mL 였으며, 1차 췌도이식수 7일째 인슐린 요구량은 40U/일, C­펩타이드 1.5ng/mL, FPS 109mg/mL 였고, 40일 추적관찰 후 인슐린 요구량이 36U/일, C­펩타이드 1.8ng/mL, HbA1e 6.5∼7.0%로 안정되었다. 그러나 이식 50일째부터 인슐린 요구량이 50∼56U/일, C­펩타이드 0.6ng/mL, FPS 130∼200mg/dL로 혈당 조절이 불안정하여 다시 췌도이식을 시행하였다. 2차 이식후 50일이 경과한 현재, 인슐린 요구량은 26U/일, C­펩타이드 1.8ng/mL, FPS 90∼120mg/dL로 다시 안정되었다. 결론:췌도이식은 반복이식이 가능하며, 본 환자의 경우 인슐린요구량 감소, 혈당의 안정화 및 C­펩타이드가 상승하여 이식한 췌도의 기능을 확인할 수 있었고, 향후 스테로이드 등 면역억제가 유지 용량으로 감량되면 인슐린 요구량은 더 감소될 것으로 기대된다. Over the past 20 years, significant advances have been made in human islet transplantation. However, cases of prolonged insulin independence after islet allotransplantation have rarely been reported and over time, a slight, gradual decrease in insulin secretion appears to occur, as suggested by the lower C-peptide. Although preliminary clinical success achieved over the past few years has been considerably higher with whole pancreatic transplant than with isolated islet grafts, both approaches remain experimental. Islet grafts might gain, over time, increasing credibility and might eventually provide an easier alternative in terms of grafting procedures and patient management, as compared with the more "traumatizing" whole-pancreas transplantation. Also, using islet, re-transplantation is possible. But it is not known whether re-transplantation of islet could be suitable for those patients who lost grafted islet function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the benefits of re-transplantation of islet in previously simultaneous islets-kidney transplant (SIK) patient who have lost graft function. Methods : The recipient was a 32 year old male. First islet transplantation was underwent at December 25, 1999. However, the grafted islets lost function after 70 days. So we performed re-transplantation of islets. The isolation of islet was conducted sterilely on a laminarflow hood and isolated by a modified Recordimethod. The islet was injected slowly into the liver via a cannular placed in the potalvein for 20 minutes. Results : Transplanted islets were 90,000 IEq at first islet transplantation, 370,000 IEq at second islet transplantation. The insulin requirement was reduced from 75-85 to 35-40 U/day, the basal C-peptide level was 1.5 ng/mL at 7 days posttransplant Unfortunately, the grafted islets lost function after 70 days. After second transplantation, the insulin requirement was reduced to 26 U/day. Conclusions : Despite the continuous need for exogenous insulin therapy, islet transplantation can prevent wide glucose fluctuations, thus resulting in normalization of glycemic control and improvement in HbAlc, and also, show that islets can be successfully and safely re-transplanted intraportally in patients who have lost previously grafted islet function (J Kor Diabetes Asso 457~466, 2000).

척추궁과 극돌기골편을 이용한 후방추체간 유합술의 유합율에 대한 고찰 및 임상적 효과

박주태,신영식,양정호,서보건 대한척추외과학회 1998 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Study Design : This is a retrospective study analyzing 73 patients treated by decompression, pedicular screw instrumentation and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for lumbosacral spondylolithesis and symptomatic spinal stenosis. we used laminected laminar and spinous process instead of iliac bone. Objectives : This is to evaluate fusion rate and clinical results of PLIF with laminected laminar and spinous process Materials and Methods : PLIF in 73 patients with lumbosacral disorders who carried out at Pohang St. Mary' s Hospital from March 1994 to January 1996. Fusion rate was evaluated by simple X-ray and dynamic view. Clinical effect was evaluated by Kirkaldy-Willis criteria. Results : The solid fusion was achieved at 67 cases(91.8%) and the average period of fusion was 6.4 months. Complications were 2 cases of superficial skin infection and 3 cases of root irritation. The functional results by Kirkaldy-Willis were as follows ; excellent 40 cases, good 23 cases, fair 9 cases and poor 1 case. Conclusions : This PLIF procedure combined with transpedicular instrumentation showed sufficient fusion rate and excellent clinical results and improvement in vertebral alignment.

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor from Pholiota adiposa

Jae-Won Lee,Dae-Hyung Lee,Gun-Shik Seo,Soo-Muk Cho,Jong-Soo Lee 한국버섯학회 2006 한국버섯학회지 Vol.4 No.2

β-Hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMG-CoA reductase, E.C. 1.1.1.34) is known to be rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor is very useful in the remedy or precaution of hyperlipidemia. The methanol extracts of Pholiota adiposa ASI 24018 showed the highest HMG-CoA reudctase inhibitory activity of 55.8%. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor of Pholiota adiposa ASI 24018 was maximally extracted when it was treated with methanol at 30℃ for 12hrs. After purified the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor by systematic solvent extraction, LH-20 gel column chromatography and RP-HPLC, finally obtained the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with an activity of IC50 6.8ug. Molecular weight of the purified HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor was 765.4Da by LC-Mass, NMR, FT-IR, UV spectrometry.

혈액종양병동 입원환자에서 Vancomycin 내성 장구균의 직장내 감시 배양 연구

김명신,이승옥,임지향,서광수,김용구,한경자,최정현,유진홍,최수미,신완식,이동건,김경미 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.3

목적 : Vancomycin 내성장구균(VRE)은 병원감염의 중요한 원인균으로 VRE 보균상태의 환자들을 파악하여 감염을 예방할 수 있는 감시체계가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 혈액종양병동 입원 환자를 대상으로 VRE의 직장내 감시배양을 실시하여 그 빈도 및 분포를 알아보고, 집락화된 균주와 임상검체에서 분리된 VRE와의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 가톨릭대학교 성모병원 혈액종양병동에 입원해 있는 환자를 대상으로 14개월간 직장 감시배양을 시행하였다. 혈액한천배지에서 장구균이 의심되는 집락을 따서 vancomycin 6㎍/㎖이 포함된 Brain-heart infusion agar에 10^(6) CFU를 접종하여 vancomycin 내성선별검사를 하였다. 이 기간 동안 4병실에서 환경감시배양을 시행하였다. 분리된 균주는 Microscan을 이용하여 균종을 동정하였고 vancomycin에 대한 최소억제농도를 측정하였다. Multiplex PCR로 균종 확인 및 동시에 vancomycin 내성 유전형을 알아보았다. 결과 : 대상이 된 452명의 환자 중 230명(50.9%)이 직장내 VRE 보균자로 확인되었다. 균종의 분포는 E. faecium (72.4%), E. faecalis(24.1%) 순으로 vancomycin에 대한 MIC가 128㎍/㎖ 이상의 고도 내성이었으며, vanA형이 대부분이었다. 환경 감시배양에서는 2개 병실에서 VRE 4주가 분리되었다(E. faecium 3주, E. faecalis 1주). 감시기간동안 32명의 환자의 임상검체에서 33주의 VRE가 동정되었고 이 중 29명(90.6%)이 직장내 VRE 보균자였다. 결론: 가톨릭의대 성모병원 혈액종양병동의 VRE의 직장 내 집락화율이 높음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 임상검체에서 VRE가 분리된 환자의 경우 VRE 직장내 집락화율이 유의하게 높게 나타나 보균상태의 VRE가 환자의 감염에 직접적인 연관이 있을 수 있으므로 이를 예방하고 관리하는 지침이 필요하다고 생각한다. Background: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have emerged as important pathogens among hospitalized patients. We evaluated the prevalence of rectal VRE colonization at hematology-on-cology unit and the correlation between VRE colonization and infection. Materials & Methods: All VRE isolates were obtained from rectal swabs and clinical samples of the patients hospitalized over 14-month period at hematology-oncology unit in St. Mary's Hospital. The agar screening test was performed by using 6 ug/ml of vancomycin in brain heart infusion agar with 10^(6) CFU inoculum. During this period, the environmental surveillance culture was performed in 4 hospital rooms. Species identification of VRE was done by Microscan and MICs to vancomycin. Identification and genotyping of VRE pattern were confirmed by multiplex PCR. Results: Rectal colonization rate was 50.9% (230 among 452 patients). The most common isolate was E. faecium (72.4%) followed by E. faecalis (24.1%), and all had vanA genotype. Four VREs (three E. faecium and one E. faecalis) were isolated from 2 hospital rooms. During this period, 33 clinical VRE strains from 32 patients were isolated (infected or colonized). Twenty nine (90.6%) of these clinical isolates came from VRE carriers. Conclusion: This study showed a high rectal colonization rate of VRE in patients hospitalized at the hematology-oncology unit in St. Mary's Hospital. The colonization rate of VRE in the rectum was higher among the patients who had clinical infection by VRE. Therefore, the strategies for prevention and control of VRE infection should be deveoloped and monitored.

Effect of the annealing temperature and ion-beam bombardment on the properties of solution-derived HfYGaO films as liquid crystal alignment layers

Park, Hong-Gyu,Lee, Yun-Gun,Jang, Sang Bok,Lee, Ju Hwan,Jeong, Hae-Chang,Seo, Dae-Shik,Oh, Byeong-Yun American Institute of Physics 2015 Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A Vol.33 No.6

전력구트라프내간접수냉방식에서의 송전용량 변화에 관한 연구

朴萬興(Man-Heung-Park),崔圭植(Gyu-Shik Che),金在根(Jae-Gun Kim),徐廷允(Jeong-Yoon Seo) 대한전기학회 1992 전기학회논문지 Vol.41 No.5