이중입구 맥동관냉동기의 이차유동

鄭恩洙,姜英具 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Steady component and unsteady component of second-order axial velocity within double inlet pulse tube refrigerators were obtained analytically. Second-order solutions were obtained from the first-order solutions of continuity, momentum and energy equations, assuming that the amplitude of the piston motion is small. The axial temperature gradient was considered in the analysis. The flow direction of the streaming was consistent with previous experimental observations. Effects of axial temperature gradient, piston frequency, velocity amplitude ratio and phase angle difference between the pistons on steady and unsteady second-order axial velocity were shown.

중환자실 병원감염에 대한 다기관 공동 조사연구

박은숙,박미라,진혜영,김정은,최정실,송영구,최영화,이위교,홍성관,허애정,양동규,김준명 대한병원감염관리학회 2003 의료관련감염관리 Vol.8 No.1

主要 眺望點에서 바라본 港灣景觀의 注視特性에 관한 硏究

김은일,정성구,윤진보,신남수 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.7

It is necessary to research for environmental features of regions rather than each building and scenery to form desirable city landscape that describes placeness concretely. In case of Korea, vast harbors and industry complex are generally located in the waterfront of port cities because the waterfront is noticed as one factor which supplies a fresh ground. So, waterfront forms a wide and long blackout curtain that causes the destruction of nature, shapes a factory structure curtain, and completely covers hinterland landscape. It makes hard for citizens to access to the seaside, depriving capacity of waterfront for water-familiar, and destructing beautiful seashore environment. This research project is to provide those architects or planners with the design guidelines of improving port and hinterland landscape. To do so, this study is carried out the physiological evaluation making eye fixation behaviors. The main results were summarized as follows: 1) Satisfaction with the ports' scenery turned out being given high estimation according as the objections being seen is more natural, a scale of ports' landscape elements is larger, and shape of landscape elements are simpler. 2) Distribution of a visual point is concentrated on facilities that have unique shapes and is under the influence of seashore line, letters carved in buildings and conspicuous colors. In addition, it tends to gather a visual point that facility's movement would be expected. 3) Eye fixation behaviors stops at unique shapes, structural lines of the physical elements and color factors of the objects. And it was judged that human recognized the object through this. 4) Scenery that include large natural element has a flexible movement of view and make general populace see the object for more long time. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the vista point on view-distance with research on improving port's naturality.

OGGI 유전자의 다형성이 방광암에 미치는 영향

김은정,정필두,정춘구,서정원,윤석중,김원재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적 : 손상된 유전자의 회복은 암의 발생 및 예방에 중요한 역할을 한다. 잘못된 염기의 제거 및 회복에 중요한 역할을 하는 OGGI 유전자의 다형성이 방광암에 어떠한 작용을 하는지를 환자-대조군 연구를 통해서 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 방광암 환자 168명과 건강인 672명을 대조군으로 하여 genomic DNA를 이용하여 SSCP (single-stranded conformational polymorphism), direct DNA sequencing 및 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 방법을 통해 환자 및 대조군사이의 OGGI 유전자의 다형성을 조사하였다. 결과: 건강 한국인에서 OGGI 유전자의 유전형을 조사한 결과 econ 6의 Pro324Pro 부위(lb type)와 exon 7의 Ser326Cys 부위 (la type)에 유전자의 다형성이 있음을 발견하였다. Codon 324는 silent polymorphic site였으나 codon 326은 C→G로 nucleotide가 바뀌어 amino acid가 serine→cysteine으로 바뀌는 polymorphic site였다. 대조군에서 codon 326은 Ser326Ser 형이 127례 (18.9%), Ser326Cys 형이 363례 (54.0%) 및 Cys326Cys 형이 182례 (27.1%)이었으며, 168명의 방광암 환자군에서는 Ser326Ser 형이 44례 (26.2%), Ser326Cys 형이 87례 (51.8%)이고 0ys3260ys 형이 37례 (22.0%) 이었다(p=0.034) 즉 Cys326Cys 형 및 Ser326cys 형에 비하여 Ser326Ser 형에서 방광암이 생길 확율이 1.52배 (95% CI=0.439-0.969) 높았다 특히 40세 미만의 남자의 경우 Ser326Ser 형에서 방광암 발생확률이 다른 유전형에 비하여 6.1배 높았다. 결론: OGGI 유전자의 유전형은 서구인과 판이하게 달랐으며 방광암에서는 이 유전자의 변이가 빈번할 뿐아니라 codon 326의 Ser326Ser 형에서는 다른 유전자형에 비하여 방광암이 발생할 확률이 1.5배 이상 높았다. 특히 한국인 40세 미만의 남자에서는 방광암 발생확률이 6배이상 높았다. 본 연구결과 OGGI codon 326의 유전적 다형성은 방광암의 종양화 과정과 관계가 있을 것으로 여겨지며 특히 40세 미만의 한국 남자의 경우는 더욱 밀접한 관계가 있을 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: A repair of damaged DNA has been shown to be involved in the susceptibility to cancer development and prevention. Therefore, it is worth investigating genetic polymorphisms of the OGGl gene associated with the gene repair mechanism. In this study, we examined a possible association of genetic ploymorphisms in OGGl with the risk of bladder tumor. Materials and Methods: Hospital based, case-control investigation was carried out in 168 primary bladder tumor patients and 672 control subjects. We performed the SSCP, PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct DNA sequencing to characterize the genetic polymorphism of OGGI in both cases and oontrols. Results: We found two polymorphic sites in OGGl. A Ser/Cys polymorphism at codon 326 (la type) in exon 7 was associated with an exchange of amino acid. Another polymorphic site at codon 324 (1b type) in econ 6 was silent. The association between codon 326 Polymorphism and the risk of the bladder tumor was examined by a age-sex adjusted analysis. We found that the distribution of OGGl Ser326Cys genotypes of controls(Ser/Ser, 18.9% ; Ser/Cys, 54.0% ; Cys/Cys, 27.1%) was significantly different from that of bladder tumor patients (36.2%, 51.8% and 22.0%, respectively) (p = 0.034, adjusted OR = 0.652, 95% Cl = 0.44 - 0.97). Especially, bladder tumor risk in Korean male under 40 years old was approximately 6 times higher than over 40 years old males. Conclusion : Our data suggested that Ser326cys polymorphism at codon 326 of OGGl male below 40 years old in Korea significantly increased the risk of tumorigenesis in the urinary bladder (p = 0.015, adjusted OR = 0.165, 95% CI = 0.04 - 0.75) Our results suggest that the OGGl Ser326Cys Polymorphism might play a role in the tumorigenesis of the bladder.

Meropenem 동시 사용으로 인한 Valproic acid의 혈중농도 감소 3예

노은경,김혜경,이명진,안보숙,송영구,김정호 대한화학요법학회 2002 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.20 No.4

서울에 위치한 일개 대학병원에서 광범위 항생제인 meropenem을 사용하기 시작한 2000년 4월부터 2001년 5월까지, valproic acid의 약동학 서비스가 의뢰된 432건 중 meropenem을 동시에 사용했던 3명의 환자에서 모두 valproic acid의 현저한 혈중농도저하를 관찰하였다. 이 급격한 혈중농도 변화기간에 3명의 환자에서 valporic acid와 동시에 사용된 공통 약물은 meropenem 뿐이었다. Meropenem을 사용하기 시작한 시점에서 7일 전후로 valproic acid의 혈중농도는 측정 한계치인 15㎍/㎖ 전후의 수준으로 급격히 감소되었으며, meropenem을 중단한지 1-2일 이내에 valproic acid의 농도는 meropenem을 사용하기 이전 수준으로 빠르게 회복되었다. 이들 환자중 1명은 meropenem을 사용하는 동안 발작을 경험하였다. Meropenem이 valproic acid의 혈중 농도를 감소시키는 기전은 아직 명확하지 않으나, 이들 두 약제의 동시 투여가 요구되는 상황에서는 valproic acid의 혈중농도 모니터링이 더 자주 필요하며, 가능한 다른 항경련제로의 일시적 교체를 고려하여야 할 것이다. Meropenem, a carbapenemn, has a broad spectrum of activity that includes β-lactamase-producing organisms, and are used frequently in treating various infections. Compared with imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem has a lower affinity for the γ-butyric acid (GABA) receptor and thus a lower potential for inducing seizures. This makes meropenern, even at higher dosages and costs, suitable for the treatment of patients with infections of the central nervous system and for the treatment of infections in patients with high risk of seizure attack. In 3 neurosurgical patients using valproic acid to control seizure, however, we experienced significant decrease of serum valproic acid concentration during concomitant use of meropenem. We report here our observations of decreases in the serum concentrations of valproic acid to sub-therapeutic levels in three adult neurosurgical patients during concomitant therapy with meropenem.

한국인에서 Vancomycin의 치료적 약물농도 평가

송영구,김혜경,노은경,이서영,안보숙,김정호,박민수,윤희정,김준명 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.5

목적 : 상용화된 PK simulation software를 이용하여 vancomycin의 치료적 약물농도 측정(Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, 이하 TDM)이 의뢰된 환자에서, 측정된 vancomycin 혈청농도와 평균 약동학 지표를 이용하여 계산된 예측농도를 비교하고, 실측 농도와 예측 농도 사이에 차이를 나타내는 요인이 무엇인지를 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2001년 3월부터 2002년 9월까지 188명으로부터 vancomycin TDM이 의뢰된 239건의 결과를 분석하였다. Vancomycin을 투여하기 30분 전에 측정된 최저 농도로 CAPCIL^(R) (Simkin Inc.) 프로그램에서 single-point linear 방법으로 약동학 지표(분포용적 : Vd_(m), 청소율: Cl_(m), 반감기 : T_(1/2m))와 이에 따른 실측 농도(ECm, 이하 실측치)를 구하였다. 또한 CAPCIL^(R) 프로그램에서 이들 환자의 평균 약동학 지표(Vd_(p), Cl_(p), T_(1/2p))를 이용한 예측 농도(EC_(p), 이하 예측치)를 계산하였다. 먼저 전체에서 실측치와 예측치의 평균에 차이가 있는지 비교하였으며 신기능 및 체중에 따라 실측치와 예측치의 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 다음으로 예측 최저 농도를 기준으로 실측 최저 농도와 차이(%dEC=(EC_(m)-EC_(p))/EC_(p))를 세 그룹으로 나누어서 각 그룹 간에 차이를 나타내는 요인이 무엇인지 알아보았다. 통계는 SAS 프로그램을 이용하여paired t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression 등으로 처리하였으며 P<0.05를 유의한 것으로 간주하였다. 결과 : Vancomycin TDM이 의뢰된 188명중 남자 1ll명, 여자 77명이었다. 총 239건에서 실측 최저 농도는 예측 최저 농도보다 유의하게 낮았고(11.9±9.9 ㎍/ml vs. 19.2±19.5 ㎍/ml), 약동학 지표 중 청소율과 분포용적은 예측한 값보다 유의하게 높았다. 신기능 및 체중에 따른 각각의 군에서도 비슷한 양상을 보였다. 예측 최저 농도와 실측 최저 농도의 차이에 따라 구분한 세 군간에 농도 차이를 나타낸 요인으로는 몸무게, 나이, 키, IBW, BUN, Ccr이었으며, 이중 다변량 분석에서 나이, 몸무게, BUN이 실측치와 예측치의 차이에 영향을 주는 요인으로 나타났다. 결론 : 신기능이 저하되었을 경우와 저체중, 고령인 경우 실측 농도에 비해 더 높은 농도로 예측하는 경향으로 나타나 최적의 치료 농도를 유지하기 위해서는 이와 같은 환자에서 특히 vancomycin TDM이 필요하다고 생각된다. Background : We measured plasma vancomycin concentrations as a part of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) consultation and compared and analyzed the estimated plasma steady-state therapeutic drug levels of vancomycin obtained on the basis of measured concentrations and by population PK parameters using a PK simulation software in Korean patients to find the factors influencing the discrepancies that lie between these estimates. Materials and Methods : We analyzed the PK parameters of the 188 patients for whom vancomycin TDM was done for 239 episodes between March, 2001 and September, 2002. The trough vancomycin plasma concentrations were measured from plasma samples that were drawn 30 minutes before a vancomycin dose. Based on the measured concentrations, we estimated the steady-state therapeutic levels (EC_(m)) and PK parameters (apparent volumes of distribution, Vd_(m); clearance, Cl_(m); and half life, T_(1/2m)) using the single-point linear method utilized in CAPCIL (Simkin, Inc.) software program. We compared these with the steady-state levels and PK parameters estimated based on population PK database supplied by the software (EC_(p), Vd_(p), Cl_(p), and T_(1/2p)). We stratified and compared the values based on the patients' renal functions, body weights relative to ideal body weights, the magnitude of differences between EC_(m) and EC_(p). Multiple logistic regression using SAS software package was done to analyze factors that significantly influence the discrepancies. Results:One hundred and eleven were males, and 77 were females. The mean ECm were significantly lower than the mean ECp (11.9±9.9 μg/ml vs. 19.2±19.5 μg/ml). Clm and Vdm were higher than Cl_(p) and Vd_(p), respectively. The same patterns could be applied to the subclasses of patients based on renal functions and body weights. The factors that contribute to the differences in EC_(m) and EC_(p) were body weight, age, height, IBW, BUN, and Clcr, of which age, body weight, and BUN were found to be most significant by multiple regression analysis. Conclusions : Significant sizes of discrepancies between the estimated plasma steady-state therapeutic drug levels of vancomycin obtained on the basis of measured concentrations and by population PK parameters using a PK simulation software in Korean patients necessitate adjustment of dosage and confirmation of steady-state levels by follow-up TDM. We emphasize the need for obtaining vancomycin population PK database in Korean patients.

서울·경기지역 병원직원의 혈액매개 감염노출에 대한 다기관 조사연구

박미라,김정은,박은숙,최정실,정선영,송영구,홍성관,김준명,허애정,양동규,조영주 대한병원감염관리학회 2003 의료관련감염관리 Vol.8 No.1

Crystalline podocytopathy and tubulopathy without overt glomerular proteinuria in a patient with multiple myeloma

( Eun Jeong Lee ),( Su Yeon Lee ),( So Young Park ),( Yonjin Kim ),( Jae Shin Choi ),( Mi Jeoung Kim ),( Ji Hyeon Park ),( Jung Eun Lee ),( Ghee Young Kwon ),( Yoon-goo Kim ) 대한신장학회 2016 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.35 No.4

Crystalline nephropathy is a rare yet well-known condition associated with multiple myeloma and other light chain-secreting disorders. Paraproteins that are resistant to proteolysis crystallize within proximal tubular cells and cause light-chain proximal tubulopathy, which presents clinically as Fanconi syndrome. Podocytes are rarely affected, and the crystalline inclusions within podocytes are typically precipitated, yielding significant glomerular proteinuria. Here we report a case of extensive crystalline inclusions primarily within podocytes and proximal tubules that presented only with Fanconi syndrome and renal insufficiency. Despite the presence of extensive crystalline inclusions in podocytes and diffuse foot process effacement, the patient had no clinical evidence suggestive of podocyte injury. Copyright ⓒ 2016. The Korean Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

ERBB3 kinase domain mutations are rare in lung, breast and colon carcinomas

Jeong, Eun Goo,Soung, Young Hwa,Lee, Jong Woo,Lee, Sung Hak,Nam, Suk Woo,Lee, Jung Young,Yoo, Nam Jin,Lee, Sug Hyung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2006 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.119 No.12

Effect of LED Wavelengths and 3DBL Fluorescent Light on Growth and Development of Hydroponically Grown Lettuce

Eun Jeong Kim,Hyun Hee Moon,Goo Young Jang,Jeong Hyun Lee 한국원예학회 2010 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2010 No.10