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고려 홍삼이 대뇌 백질 미세구조 및 인지기능에 미치는 효과 : 침입 오류를 중심으로
정현석,김영훈,이선호,염아림,강일향,김지은,이정현,반순현,임수미,이선혜,Jeong, Hyeonseok S.,Kim, Young Hoon,Lee, Sunho,Yeom, Arim,Kang, Ilhyang,Kim, Jieun E.,Lee, Junghyun H.,Ban, Soonhyun,Lim, Soo Mee,Lee, Sun Hea 대한생물정신의학회 2015 생물정신의학 Vol.22 No.2
Objectives Although ginseng has been reported to protect neuronal cells and improve various cognitive functions, relationship between ginseng supplementation and response inhibition, one of the important cognitive domains has not been explored. In addition, effects of ginseng on in vivo human brain have not been investigated using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The purpose of the current study is to investigate changes in intrusion errors and white matter microstructure after Korean Red Ginseng supplementation using standardized neuropsychological tests and DTI. Methods Fifty-one healthy participants were randomly allocated to the Korean Red Ginseng (n = 26) or placebo (n = 25) groups for 8 weeks. The California Verbal Learning Test was used to assess the number of intrusion errors. Intelligence quotient (IQ) was measured with the Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were evaluated using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25. The fractional anisotropy (FA) was measured from the brain DTI data. Results After the 8-week intervention, Korean Red Ginseng supplementation significantly reduced intrusion errors after adjusting age, sex, IQ, and baseline score of the intrusion errors (p for interaction = 0.005). Change in FA values in the left anterior corona radiata was greater in the Korean Red Ginseng group compared to the placebo group (t = 4.29, p = 0.04). Conclusions Korean Red Ginseng supplementation may be efficacious for improving response inhibition and white matter microstructure integrity in the prefrontal cortex.
뇌과학 분야 기능적 연결체학의 발전 : 외상후스트레스장애를 중심으로
박신원,정현석,류인균,Park, Shinwon,Jeong, Hyeonseok S.,Lyoo, In Kyoon 대한생물정신의학회 2015 생물정신의학 Vol.22 No.3
Recent breakthroughs in functional neuroimaging techniques have launched the quest of mapping the connections of the human brain, otherwise known as the human connectome. Imaging connectomics is an umbrella term that refers to the neuroimaging techniques used to generate these maps, which recently has enabled comprehensive brain mapping of network connectivity combined with graph theoretic methods. In this review, we present an overview of the key concepts in functional connectomics. Furthermore, we discuss articles that applied task-based and/or resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine network deficits in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These studies have provided important insights regarding the etiology of PTSD, as well as the overall organization of the brain network. Advances in functional connectomics are expected to provide insight into the pathophysiology and the development of biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of PTSD.
대학교 재학생에서 Fatigue Severity Scale의 신뢰도 및 타당도 연구
이정현,정현석,임수미,조한별,마지영,고은,임주연,이선혜,배수진,이유진,류인균,정도언,Lee, Junghyun H.,Jeong, Hyeonseok S.,Lim, Soo Mee,Cho, Han Byul,Ma, Ji-Young,Ko, Eun,Im, Jooyeon J.,Lee, Sun Hea,Bae, Sujin,Lee, Yu-Jin,Lyoo, In Kyoon,Je 대한생물정신의학회 2013 생물정신의학 Vol.20 No.1
Objectives There are only a limited number of studies on instruments assessing fatigue in university students, although fatigue exerts negative influences on their health and academic performances and fatigue-related complaints are more frequently reported in young adults than middle-aged adults. The aim of this study was to validate the 9-item Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) among university students including both undergraduate and graduate students in South Korea. Methods A total of 176 university students completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, including the FSS, the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 version 2 (MOS-SF36v2), and the Inclusion of Community in the Self Scale (ICS). The data were collected from February of 2012 to June of 2012. The reliability, convergent validity, divergent validity, and exploratory factor analyses were conducted to assess psychometric properties of the FSS. Results The mean FSS score was 3.20 (standard deviation = 1.43). The FSS demonstrated an excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ = 0.93) and item-total correlations ranged from 0.56 to 0.90. Correlations of the FSS with the BFI (r = 0.71, p < 0.01), BDI-II (r = 0.54, p < 0.01), BAI (r = 0.46, p < 0.01), MOS-SF36v2 physical component summary (r = -0.28, p < 0.01), MOS-SF36v2 mental component summary (r = -0.55, p < 0.01), and ICS (Spearman's rho = -0.07, p = 0.33) showed acceptable convergent and divergent validity. Exploratory factor analysis defined one underlying factor (eigenvalue = 5.67) that explained 93.50% of the total variance. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate reliability and validity of the FSS in university students. The FSS exhibits good psychometric properties for evaluation of fatigue among university students in South Korea. Since the FSS is easy to administer, score, and interpret, it could be a useful tool in research and practice for assessing fatigue among university students.
소방공무원과 구조대원에서 한국어판 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist의 신뢰도와 타당도
박신원,정현석,임주연,전유진,마지영,최예라,반순현,김성은,유시영,이선호,전새롬,강일향,이보라,이수연,손지희,임재호,윤수정,김의정,김지은,류인균,Park, Shinwon,Jeong, Hyeonseok S.,Im, Jooyeon Jamie,Jeon, Yujin,Ma, Jiyoung,Choi, Yera,Ban, Soonhyun,Kim, Sungeun,Yu, Si 대한생물정신의학회 2016 생물정신의학 Vol.23 No.1
Objectives Firefighters and rescue workers are likely to be exposed to a variety of traumatic events; as such, they are vulnerable to the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The psychometric properties of the Korean version of the PTSD Checklist (PCL), a widely used self-report screening tool for PTSD, were assessed in South Korean firefighters and rescue workers. Methods Data were collected via self-report questionnaires and semi-structured clinical interviews administered to 221 firefighters. Internal consistency, item-total correlation, one-week test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity were examined. Content validity of the PCL was evaluated using factor analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to estimate the optimal cutoff point and area under the curve. Results The PCL demonstrated excellent internal consistency (${\alpha}=0.97$), item-total correlation (r = 0.72-0.88), test-retest reliability (r = 0.95), and convergent and divergent validity. The total score of PCL was positively correlated with the number of traumatic events experienced (p < 0.001). Factor analysis revealed two theoretically congruent factors: re-experience/avoidance and numbing/hyperarousal. The optimal cutoff was 45 and the area under the ROC curve was 0.97. Conclusions The Korean version of the PCL may be a useful PTSD screening instrument for firefighters and rescue workers, further maximizing opportunities for accurate PTSD diagnosis and treatment.
신경범죄학 : 뇌영상을 활용한 공격성 및 범죄 행동의 이해
유시영,최예지,김상준,정현석,마지영,정유진,문소현,김영은,강일향,김영훈,신경식,김지은,Yu, Si Young,Choi, Yejee,Kim, Sangjoon,Jeong, Hyeonseok S.,Ma, Jiyoung,Jeong, Eujin,Moon, Sohyeon,Kim, Nicole Y.,Kang, Ilhyang,Kim, Young Hoon,Shin, Kyu 대한생물정신의학회 2016 생물정신의학 Vol.23 No.2
Criminology has been understood within a sociological framework until the emergence of neurocriminology, which describes, understands and predicts criminal behaviors from a neurobiological point of view. Not only using biological factors including genes and hormones to understand criminal behaviors, but also using neuroimaging techniques, the field of neurocriminology aims to delve into both structural and functional differences in the brain of individuals with aggression, antisocial personalities, and even the criminals. Various studies have been conducted based on this idea, however, there still are limitations for the knowledge from these studies to be used in the court. In this review article, we provide an overview of the various research in neurocriminology, and provide insight into the future direction and implication of the field.
유시영,최예지,김상준,정현석,마지영,김영훈,문소현,강일향,정유진,서채원,신경식,김지은,Yu, Si Young,Choi, Yejee,Kim, Sangjoon,Jeong, Hyeonseok S.,Ma, Jiyoung,Kim, Young Hoon,Moon, Sohyeon,Kang, Ilhyang,Jeong, Eujin,Suh, Chae Won,Shin, Kyun 대한생물정신의학회 2016 생물정신의학 Vol.23 No.3
Aggression and aggressive behaviors, often explained as harmful social interaction with the intention of hurting or inflicting damage upon another, have been considered as an adaptive mechanism from the evolutionary psychological point of view. However, various studies on aggression and aggressive behaviors have been done with psychopathological approach as the extreme aggressive behaviors may harm themselves and others at the same time. Recently, researchers have attempted to explain aggression in terms of neurobiological substrates rather than based on traditional psychopathological and/or behavioral concept. In this regard, there have been findings of differences in neurotransmitters and their receptors, and genetic polymorphisms. In this review article, we provide a brief overview of the literature about seven most frequently reported neurotransmitters including neurohormones (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, nitric oxide, oxytocin and vasopressin) and an associated enzyme (monoamine oxidase A), which are known to be related with aggression and aggressive behaviors.
이명아(Myeong-A Lee),정현석(Hyeonseok Jeong),송인욱(In-Uk Song) 대한임상노인의학회 2019 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.20 No.1
Background: Previous studies have suggested that mixed dementia (MD) has distinct characteristics of brain structure and function compared to other types of dementia such as Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the patterns of altered regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in MD remain elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the differences in rCBF between MD and AD patients. Methods: Twent-seven MD patients and 27 AD patients in their early stages underwent brain technetium-99m hexamethylpropy-lene amine oxime single-photon emission computed tomography scans. Voxel-wise differences in rCBF between the two groups were examined using Statistical Parametric Mapping. Results: MD patients presented lower rCBF in the superior/inferior frontal and lateral orbital gyri compared to AD patients (P<0.005). On the other hand, AD patients demonstrated lower rCBF in the amygdala and hippocampus compared to their counterparts (P<0.005). Conclusion: The distinct characteristics of rCBF vary by underlying dementia pathology, MD and AD.
탈수초화 동물 모델과 <sup>1</sup>H 자기공명분광영상
조한별,이수지,박신원,강일향,마지영,정현석,김지은,윤수정,류인균,임수미,김정윤,Cho, Han Byul,Lee, Suji,Park, Shinwon,Kang, Ilhyang,Ma, Jiyoung,Jeong, Hyeonseok S.,Kim, Jieun E.,Yoon, Sujung,Lyoo, In Kyoon,Lim, Soo Mee,Kim, Jungyoon 대한생물정신의학회 2017 생물정신의학 Vol.24 No.1
The proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ($^1H-MRS$) is a tool used to detect concentrations of brain metabolites such as N-acetyl aspartate, choline, creatine, glutamate, and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA). It has been widely used because it does not require additional devices other than the conventional magnetic resonance scanner and coils. Demyelination, or the neuronal damage due to loss of myelin sheath, is one of the common pathologic processes in many diseases including multiple sclerosis, leukodystrophy, encephalomyelitis, and other forms of autoimmune diseases. Rodent models mimicking human demyelinating diseases have been induced by using virus (e.g., Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus) or toxins (e.g., cuprizon or lysophosphatidyl choline). This review is an overview of the MRS findings on brain metabolites in demyelination with a specific focus on rodent models.