사군자탕(四君子湯)의 항염증 효능 연구

이진아,하혜경,정다영,이호영,이남헌,이준경,서창섭,김정훈,이미영,신현규,Lee, Jin-Ah,Ha, Hye-Kyung,Jung, Da-Young,Lee, Ho-Young,Lee, Nam-Hun,Lee, Jun-Kyoung,Seo, Chang-Seob,Kim, Jung-Hoon,Lee, Mee-Young,Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo 대한한의학방제학회 2010 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

Objectives : To provide the information of efficacy for Sagunja-tang (Sijunzi-tang; SG), it was evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect. SG, a widely used herbal formula in tranditional Korean medicine, has been used to treat for the Boki-invigorating. In many studies, plant-derived anti-inflammatory efficacies have been investigated for their potential inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. This study was performed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of SG extract on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Methods : The productions of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)$E_2$, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ were examined in a macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells, in the presence of the SG extract. RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with LPS $1\;{\mu}g/mL$ and SG extract for 18 hours. The anti-inflammatory activity of SG was investigated by carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The paw volume was measured at 0, 2 and 4 hours following carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. Results : SG extract showed inhibitory effect on $PGE_2$, IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$ by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. But SG extract was not inhibitory effect on NO by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. And administration of SG extract (1 g/kg) showed a reduction in carrageenin-induced paw edema on rats. Conclusions : These results suggest that SG extract has anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo models.

사상 체질 처방의 항염증 효능 비교 연구

이진아,하혜경,이호영,정다영,이준경,황대선,신현규,Lee, Jin-Ah,Ha, Hye-Kyung,Lee, Ho-Young,Jung, Da-Young,Lee, Jun-Kyoung,Huang, Dae-Sun,Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo 사상체질의학회 2010 사상체질의학회지 Vol.22 No.4

1. Objectives 4 herbal formulas (Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang, Yeoldahanso-tang, Cheongsimyeonja-tang and Taeeumjowi-tang) were applied to investigate the anti-inflammatory activities. In many studies, plant-derived anti-inflammatory efficacies have been investigate for their potential inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. This study was performed to examine the anti-inflammatory activities of 4 herbal formulas on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. 2. Methods The productions of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG)$E_2$, interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ were examined in the presence of the 4 herbal formulas in RAW 264.7 cells. The cells were incubated with LPS 1 ${\mu}g/mL$ and 4 herbal formulas for 18 hrs. The anti-inflammatory activity of 4 herbal formulas were investigate by carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The paw volume was measured at 2 and 4 hrs following carrageenininduced paw edema in rats. 3. Results Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang and Cheongsimyeonja-tang showed inhibitory effect on $PGE_2$ production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and a reduction in carrageenin-induced paw edema on rats. Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang showed inhibitory effect on IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. 4 herbal formulas not affect on NO and TNF-${\alpha}$ inhibition in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. 4. Conclusions These results suggested that Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang and Cheongsimyeonja-tang have anti-inflammatory activity.

미세결정 셀룰로스 나노섬유를 이용한 열가소성 복합재료의 구조와 물성

이진아,윤민지,김기영,임대영,Lee, Jin Ah,Yoon, Min Ji,Kim, Ki-Young,Lim, Dae Young 한국섬유공학회 2013 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.50 No.6

In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), that is, nanosized cellulose fibers, are manufactured from micro-crystalline cellulose (MCC) by using a high-pressure homogenizer. The CNFs are used as reinforcing materials for thermoplastic composites. Polyamide (PA6) and polylactic acid (PLA) fibers are employed as the matrix in the thermoplastic composites. With an increase in the operation pass number and pressure of the homogenizer, the specific surface area (SSA) of the CNFs increases and the crystalline index (CI) decreases. After 30 passes of MCC through the homogenizer, the SSA increases from $257.2m^2/g$ to $787.1m^2/g$, and the CI decreases from 0.78 to 0.70. The tensile strength of the CNF/PA6 composite is higher than that of the CNF/PLA composite. On the other hand, the modulus of the CNF/PLA composite is higher than that of the CNF/PA6 composite. As the CNF content in the composite increases, the total thickness of composite decreases but the tensile strength increases. The CNF/PA6 (3:7) composite has the maximum tensile strength (21.5 MPa) among the samples considered in this study.

말기암환자에서 혈장 내독소 농도가 생존기간에 미치는 영향

이진아,윤호민,최윤선,연종은,이준영,Lee, Jin-Ah,Yoon, Ho Min,Choi, Youn Seon,Yeon, Jong Eun,Lee, June Young 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2014 한국호스피스.완화의료학회지 Vol.17 No.2

목적: 말기암환자의 여명 예측은 치료의 이득과 위해를 판단하는 잣대가 되고, 적절한 의료 중재 제공 및 환자의 자율성에 기초한 의사결정에 중요한 기준이 된다. 특히 많은 수의 말기암환자는 다발성 장기 부전으로 사망에 이르기 때문에 본 연구에서는 이를 반영할 수 있는 혈장 내독소 농도와 생존기간과의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2009년 4월부터 10월까지 6개월 동안, 만 20세 이상의 말기암환자 56명을 대상으로 혈장 내독소 농도를 측정하고, 생존기간을 조사하였다. 나이, 성별, 원발 암 부위, 암 치료 경력, 전이여부, 투약상황 및 활력 증후, Karnofsky 수행지수 등의 신체검사, 백혈구 수, 혈색소, 적혈구용적률, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase C-반응성 단백질, 총 빌리루빈, 내독소 등의 혈액검사를 시행하였다. 결과: 혈장 내독소 농도, 성별, 나이, 백혈구 수, 혈색소, 적혈구 용적률, AST, ALT, 총 빌리루빈, C-반응성 단백질, 통증강도를 단변량 분석한 결과 혈장 내독소 농도는 생존기간과 통계적으로 유의한 관계를 보이지는 않았으나, 단변량 분석에서 생존기간에 유의한 영향을 미치는 성별, 백혈구 수, 총 빌리루빈을 포함하여 시행한 다변량 분석에서 혈장 내독소 농도는 생존기간과 통계적으로 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 다발성 장기 부전과 관련이 있는 혈장 내독소 농도는 생존기간 예측인자로서 쓰일 수 있는 가능성을 보여 주었다. Purpose: Since most terminally ill cancer patients die of multiple organ failure, plasma endotoxin concentration levels may be used to predict the life expectancy. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical significance of endotoxin level in plasma as a prognostic factor for survival in patients with terminal cancer. Methods: This study was conducted with 56 terminally ill cancer patients, above 20 years old, from April 2009 through October 2009. Demographic characteristics, Karnofsky performance status, and survival time were evaluated. We analyzed blood levels of white blood cell hemoglobin, hematocrit, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, c-reactive protein, total bilirubin and endotoxin in each patient. Results: We considered following variable for univariate analysis: plasma endotoxin level, sex, age, WBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, AST, ALT, total bilirubin, CRP and severity of pain. Univariate analysis did not show a significant association between plasma endotoxin level and survival time. However, in a multivariate analysis with factors that were found to be significantly associated with survival sex, WBC count and total bilirubin level in univariate analysis, high levels of plasma endotoxin and short survival time were significantly related. Conclusion: Plasma endotoxin level could be used as a prognostic factor to predict the life expectancy of terminally ill cancer patients.

애엽(艾葉) 추출물이 알코올성 위염에 미치는 효과

이진아,서정복,김진영,신미래,박해진,노성수,Lee, Jin A,Seo, Jeong Bok,Kim, Jin Young,Shin, Mi-Rae,Park, Hae-Jin,Roh, Seong-Soo 대한한방내과학회 2022 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

Objective: Alcohol is known to cause inflammation in the stomach by decreasing the protective substances of the gastric mucosa and increasing oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of Artemisiae Argyi Folium extract (AF) on alcohol-induced gastritis. Methods: The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of AF were confirmed through an in vitro experiment. Radical scavenging activities were confirmed using DPPH and ABTS assays. In vivo experiments were conducted on mice divided into 5 groups (n=8): a normal group (Nor), an alcohol-induced gastritis group (Con), an alcohol-induced gastritis group administered 10 mg/kg sucralfate (SC), an alcohol-induced gastritis group administered 100 mg/kg AF (AFL), and an alcohol-induced gastritis group administered 200 mg/kg AF(AFH). The serum levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined, and protein expressions were confirmed in gastric tissues. Results: In alcohol-induced gastritis, AF alleviated damage to the gastric mucosa caused by alcohol. AF also decreased the serum ROS levels. Western blots showed that AF decreased the expression of NADPH oxidase and decreased the expression of the NF-κB pathway associated with inflammation. AF also decreased the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine proteins, and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins. Conclusions: AF not only reduced oxidative stress in alcohol-induced gastritis, but it also relieved gastric mucosal inflammation by regulating the expression of the NF-κB pathway.

Dietary germanium biotite supplementation enhances the induction of antibody responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine in pigs

이진아,정복기,정명환,Tae-Hoon Kim,유한상,Bong-Joo Lee 대한수의학회 2014 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.15 No.3

We evaluated the potential ability of germanium biotite(GB) to stimulate the production of antibodies specific forfoot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). To this aim, wemeasured the total FMDV-specific antibody responses andIgM production after vaccination against FMD bothexperimentally and in the field. GB supplementation withFMDV vaccination stimulated the production of anti-FMDVantibodies, and effectively increased IFN-γ and TNF-αlevels. These results suggest that GB may be a novelalternative feed supplement that can serve as a boosting agent and an immunostimulator for increasing the efficacyof FMDV vaccination in pigs.

해양대순환모형을 이용한 해빙의 역할에 관한 수치실험 연구

이진아,안중배,Lee, Jin-Ah,Ahn, Joong-Bae 한국해양학회 2001 바다 Vol.6 No.4

본 연구에서는 기후 시스템 내에서의 해빙의 역할을 살펴보고자 열역학적 방식에 의한 해빙 모형을 개발하고 이를 해양대순환 모형인 MOM에 접합한 해양/해빙 접합 모형을 구축하여 수치적 실험을 하였다. 연구에서는 먼저 접합한 모형을 이용하여 해빙의 계절 평균적인 분포를 모사하였다. 또한 해양대순환 모형이 해빙 모형과 접합한 경우와 접합하지 않은 경우를 비교함으로써 대규모 해양 분포에 나타나는 해빙의 역할을 살펴보았다. 또한 모형의 결과를 다른 모형의 결과 및 관측자료와 비교 분석함으로써 해양/해빙 모형 접합 모형의 결과를 검증하였다. 접합 모형은 양반구 고위도에서의 해빙이 계절적 분포를 전체적으로 적절히 모사하였다. 해양대순환 모형이 해빙 모형과 접합한 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우에 대한 비교 연구에서 해빙은 양반구 고위도에서의 해수온과 염분을 유지시켜주는 중요한 역할을 할뿐만 아니라 South Ocean 순환세포와 남반구 순환세포(Southern Hemisphere circulation cell) 및 북대서양 심층수와 관련한 자오 심해 순환과 남극환류 같은 동서류의 순환도 적절히 모사하였다. In order to find out the role of sea-ice in the climate system, a thermodynamic sea-ice model has been developed and included in the ocean general circulation model, MOM2, for the construction of OGCM/sea-ice coupled model in this study. By using the model developed, seasonal mean sea-ice distribution has been simulated, first of all. The role of sea-ice in the sense of large scale ocean circulation has been studied by comparing the results of OGCM/sea-ice coupled model experiment with OGCM-standalone experiment. At the same time, the coupled model has been verified by comparing and analysing the results of the other models and observation. The coupled model has reasonably simulated the overall seasonal distribution of sea-ice in the high latitudes of both hemispheres. In the comparative analysis between the OGCM/sea-ice coupled and OGCM-standalone experiments, the sea-ice is playing important roles on maintaining not only the distributions of temperature and salinity in high latitudes of both hemispheres, but also the meridional ocean circulation associated with south ocean cell, southern hemisphere cell and zonal ocean circulation such as a circum-polar current.

연료전지용(燃料電池用) 막전극접합체(膜電極接合體)의 막분리(膜分離) 및 염산(鹽酸)에 의한 백금(白金)과 루테늄의 침출(浸出)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

이진아,강홍윤,유호진,Lee, Jin-A,Kang, Hong-Yoon,Ryu, Ho-Jin 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2012 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.21 No.3

본 논문에서는 연료전지 막전극접합체에서 막분리 및 염산침출법을 이용하여 백금과 루테늄을 침출하는 연구를 하였다. 증류수, 10 vol.% 부탄올 용액, 15 vol.% 양이온 계면활성제(Koremul-LN-7)를 이용하여 연료전지 막전극접합체의 전해질막과 확산층을 침지법으로 촉매입자의 분산 없이 분리하였다. 그리고 질산 또는 과산화수소를 산화제로 하고 사용하는 염산에 의해 분리된 가스확산층의 촉매에 함유된 백금과 루테늄 금속을 침출하는 연구를 하였다. 과산화수소를 산화제로 사용하였을 때 백금과 루테늄의 침출율이 더 높았으며 최적 조건은 $90^{\circ}C$에서 염산 농도 8 M, 과산화수소 첨가량 5 M, 침출시간 6시간이었다. 이 조건에서 백금의 침출률은 98%, 루테늄의 침출율은 71.5%였다. In this paper, we carried out separation of membrane and leaching of Pt and Ru using hydrochloric acid from MEA(membrane-electrode assembly) of fuel cell. In this method, these were separated from MEA of fuel cell using the distilled water, 10 vol.% butanol solution and 15 vol.% cationic surfactant(Koremul-LN-7) by dipping method without the dispersion of catalyst particles. And the leaching of Pt and Ru containing in the separated carbon paper catalysts has been studied by hydrochloric acid using $HNO_3$ or $H_2O_2$ as a oxidant. The leaching ratio of Pt and Ru were higher when $H_2O_2$ was used as a oxidant and the optimum conditions were obtained in 8M HCl, the amount of $H_2O_2$ 5M and 6 hours of leaching time at $90^{\circ}C$. In this condition, extraction of Pt and Ru were 98% and 71.5%, respectively.

보중익기탕(補中益氣湯) 가미방(加味方)으로 치료한 여드름 환자의 임상 보고

이진아,홍승욱,Lee, Jin-Ah,Hong, Seung-Ug 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2008 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Objective : This study is to investigate the effect of Bojoongikki-tang on Acne patients Methods : We treated 3 acne patients diagnosed as the deficiency of Qi with Bojoongikki-tang(Buzhongyiqitang), comedon extraction by needle and stamp acupunctures. After treatments we compared the before and after photos, and estimated by Korean Acne Grading System(KAGS1-4). Results & Conclusions : After taking Bojoongikki-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) and extruding comedones by needle, the acne was improved. After stamp acupuncture, the acne scar was improved. This study shows that the acne can possibly be diagnosed as the deficiency of Qi. So further studies are needed continuously.

『리시다스』에 나타난 고전 이교주의와 기독교의 대립과 밀튼의 소명의식

이진아,(Lee JinAh) 한국외국어대학교 영미연구소 2016 영미연구 Vol.36 No.-

고전 이교주의와 기독교 간의 긴장과 대립은 밀튼의 작품들 속에서 지속적으로 등장하는 주제들 중 하나인데, 『리시다스』에서 이 주제는 또 다른 중요한 주제인 밀튼의 시인-성직자 소명에 대한 문제와 불가분하게 연결되어 있다. 킹의 죽음을 애도하 며 등장하는 고전적, 이교적 심상과 상징들의 자의적 파괴와 고전 이교 신들의 무능함에 대한 질책들과 목가적 위로의 허위성에 대한 시인의 한탄들은 밀튼 자신의 문학적 소명을 형성해온 고전적이고 이교적 요소들의 상징적 죽음에 대한 한탄이며 애도이다. 밀튼의 목가적 슬픔은 목가 장르의 또 다른 함의, 기독교 성직에 대해 엄준한 비판으로 이어지는데, “갈릴리 호수의 키잡이”의 담화를 기점으로 시의 이교적 애도의 분위기는 기독교적 위안과 구원에 대한 기대로 옮겨간다. 기독교적 관점에서 시인과 시의 힘을 긍정한 시인은 마침내 기독교적 부활의 비전속에서 고전 이교주의에 대한 기독교의 우위를 시사하며 킹의 구원과 보상을 노래한다. 또한 그 노래는 제도 교회안에서 성직자-시인으로서 킹과 시인의 지상적 소명으로부터 자유와 새로운 차원의 소명을 암시한다. 아마도 이 비전은 밀튼에게 시인-성직자의 새로운 정체성을 제시하여 그를 시인직과 성직의 좁고 관습적인 개념의 틀로부터 해방시켜 새로운 숲과 새목장을 향해 나아가는 원동력이 되었을 것이다. The contrast between classical paganism and Christianity is one of the recurrent themes in Milton’s works, which is inseparable from the issue of his vocation as a poet-priest in Lycidas. The poet-shepherd’s arbitrary annihilation of classical and pagan symbols in the beginning of the poem, his subsequent rebukes of the pagan deities’ inability to protect King, and his complaint of ‘false surmise’ of pastoral consolation are in a sense a way of expressing the poet’s mourning of the symbolic death of his Orphean ideals of poet and poetry. The poet-shepherd’s pastoral lament is carried over to the severe judgement of the Pilot of the Galilean Lake on the corrupt shepherd-priests in the contemporary Christian church. The Pilot’s emphasis on the shepherd’s nourishing eloquence foreshadows a new conception of Milton’s vocation as a poet-priest, and after the Pilot’s speech the pagan elements begin to be incorporated into Christian ones. Milton’s final vision of King’s salvation achieves the superiority of Christianity over classical paganism and then his liberation from the earthly vocation as a priest-poet within the institutional Church of England. This vision might be also said to have released Milton from the narrow and conventional concepts of the poet-priest to go “to fresh Woods, and Pastures new.”