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초등학생의 1000m 달리기-걷기 평가방법에 관한 연구
박철호,박은경,고봉민,우상헌,안민호,차유림 東亞大學校附設스포츠科學硏究所 2002 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.20 No.-
This research aims to develop a new evuluation method of endurance for elementary school students. The norm of the event of 1,000m running-walking was examined and reviewed. As a result, a new highly-valid norm for the present 1,000m running-walking was made. Among the 5th and 6th graders, 2,144 pupils were chosen. The subjects were given 1,000m running-walking and step test. The new norm led to the following results: 1. The frequency distribution of PEI according to Cajori's 5-stage evaluation method turned out to be normal for both 5th and 6th graders. In conclusion, this new norm of 1,000m running-walking is believed to provide more valid and credible scores for elementary school students. The 1,000m running-walking records and the PEI will be used as the basic data for foretelling one's endurance.
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김유진,박미경,박이랑,이보람,이혜림,전선미,양난영,김수지,이자형 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2004 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.38
The results of this Study are as follows:33.6% of all participants have insomnia; 22.5% of those who have insomnia are DIS(difficulty in initiating sleep), 17.3% are DMS(difficulty returning to sleep once awakened) and 7.0% awakened too early. 3 4.8% experience sleepiness during daytime. Type 1, experiencing insomnia and sleepi ness during daytime together, is 12.0%, Type 2, with insomnia only, is 21.6%, Type 3, with sleepiness during daytime only, is 22.8% and 43.5% experience no sleeping disturbances. After studying only those with 3 types of sleeping disturbances, it is found that the most common cause of such disturbance is stress 88.4%, anxiety 56.0%, no apparent reason 33.8%, anxiety/fear/terror 29.3%, hurry 23.6%, alcohol/caffeine 16.9%, bedroom tem perature 11.1%, urination during nighttime and persons living together 10.7%, noise from inside 8.9%, illumination 8.0%, and pain/itch 5.8%. The one group revealed significant differences in residential environment(p=0.003). Sex, age, education level, medicine, monthly earning revealed no meaningful differences. Of sleeping behavior, mean duration of sleep latency(p=0.000), whether or not feeling freshness(p=0.000), whether taking enough sleep(p=0.029), whether taking regular sleep(p=0.005) showed significant differences depending on whether or not having insomnia, and mean duration of sleep time, time to sleep, time of rising, whether taking naps did not reveal significant differences. Of sleep behavior, time to sleep(p=0.000), whether taking naps(p=0.000), indicated significant differences. Of sleeping behavior, mean duration of sleep latency(p=0.000), whether or not feeling freshness(p=0.000), and whether taking enough sleep(p=0.000), time of going to bed (p=0.002), whether or not taking nap(p=0.000), whether or not taking regular sleep(p=0.010) indicated significant differences among the sleeping disturbance types.
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Diet-Induced Gut Dysbiosis and Leaky Gut Syndrome
( Yu-rim Chae ),( Yu Ra Lee ),( Young-soo Kim ),( Ho-young Park ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2024 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.34 No.4
Introduction The microbiota is a diverse and intricate ecosystem primarily composed of bacteria but also encompassing viruses, fungi, protozoa, and archaea [1]. These microorganisms play a crucial role in multiple facets of human physiology, encompassing dietary habits, metabolic functions, defense against pathogens, safeguarding the intestinal barrier, maturation of the immune system, and the preservation of immune equilibrium [2]. The gut microbiota has a significant impact on the overall health of its host, and an imbalance in the gut microbiota, known as gut dysbiosis, is now widely acknowledged as a prominent characteristic of obesity and various metabolic disorders [3]. This review provides a concise overview of research findings that suggest a possible connection between diet and the development of leaky gut syndrome, obesity, and metabolic disorders through the modulation of the gut microbiota. Relationship between Diet and Microbiota In human gut microflora, there are around 1013 different types of microorganisms in the intestinal mucosa. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes constitute approximately 90% of the gut microbiome, with Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia constituting the other major phyla of gut bacteria [4]. Of these, there are 500-1000 different species (spp.). Bacteria are prevalent, and their combined genomes are expected to include 100 times as many genes as the mammalian genotype [5]. The microbiota has numerous effects on an individual's well-being, including the activation of the immune system, the breakdown of dietary fibers, increased function and motility of the gastrointestinal tract, and the facilitation of nutrient absorption, as well as protection against infections [6, 7]. Numerous human metabolic processes and clinical parameters could be influenced by gut microbes [8]. The human diet and gut microbiota are closely correlated, and with societal development, there has been an increase in the consumption of refined carbohydrates, Western-style high-fat diets (HFDs), and sugar. Notably, recent research suggests that the dietmicrobiota interplay is becoming increasingly personalized, highlighting the need for tailored adjustments based on individual circumstances [9]. Chronic gut inflammation promotes the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity. There is growing evidence which suggests that dysbiosis in gut microbiota and metabolites disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier and significantly impact the level of inflammation in various tissues, including the liver and adipose tissues. Moreover, dietary sources are connected to the development of leaky gut syndrome through their interaction with the gut microbiota. This review examines the effects of these factors on intestinal microorganisms and the communication pathways between the gut-liver and gut-brain axis. The consumption of diets rich in fats and carbohydrates has been found to weaken the adherence of tight junction proteins in the gastrointestinal tract. Consequently, this allows endotoxins, such as lipopolysaccharides produced by detrimental bacteria, to permeate through portal veins, leading to metabolic endotoxemia and alterations in the gut microbiome composition with reduced production of metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. However, the precise correlation between gut microbiota and alternative sweeteners remains uncertain, necessitating further investigation. This study highlights the significance of exploring the impact of diet on gut microbiota and the underlying mechanisms in the gut-liver and gut-brain axis. Nevertheless, limited research on the gut-liver axis poses challenges in comprehending the intricate connections between diet and the gut-brain axis. This underscores the need for comprehensive studies to elucidate the intricate gut-brain mechanisms underlying intestinal health and microbiota.
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Park, Jin Sun,Jung, Eul Sik,Choi, Woosuk,Park, Soo Yong,Rim, Min Young,Yu, Inku,Park, Hyeonsu,Lee, Sang Min,Park, Jeong-Woong,Jeong, Sung Hwan,Lee, Sang Pyo,Park, Sanghui The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2013 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.75 No.1
Methotrexate (MTX) has been established as a standard disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug. If adequate disease control is achieved for a reasonable period of time, tapering the MTX dosage is recommended because the chronic use of MTX can result in opportunistic infection. We present here a case of a woman with rheumatoid arthritis taking MTX, and the woman developed actively caseating endobronchial Mycobacterium intracellulare disease with pulmonary infiltrations. After discontinuing the MTX, the patient was able to tolerate 18 months of antimycobacterial treatment without flare ups of rheumatoid arthritis, and she completely recovered from nontuberculous mycobacterial respiratory disease.
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( Yu Rim Lee ),( Soo Young Park ),( Gyeonghwa Kim ),( Keun Hur ),( Se Young Jang ),( Won Young Tak ),( Young Oh Kweon ),( Jung Gil Park ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: It is important to investigate the better prognostic markers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to improve the clinical management of HCC patients. Tumor-derived exosomes contain tumor-specific non-coding RNAs and having an emerging role in tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, we determined the prognostic relevancies of two noninvasive circulating exosomal noncoding RNAs (miRNA-21, lncRNA-ATB) for HCC. Methods: HCC patients between October 2014 and September 2015 at Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea were enrolled for this prospective study. Exosome was isolated by using ExoQuick (System Biosciences). In isolated exosome, exosomal RNA was extracted using miRNeasy serum/plasma kit (Qiagen). Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of HCC prognostic factors. Results: A total of 79 patients were enrolled in this study. During the study period, disease progression and mortality were found in 44 and 34 patients, respectively. Both miRNA-21 and lncRNA-ATB were successfully detected in the HCC serum sample. Both miRNA-21 and lncRNA-ATB were related to TNM stage and other multiple prognostic factors including T stage and portal vein thrombosis. However, they were not associated with age, gender, presence of cirrhosis, and etiology. In multivariate analysis, both higher miRNA-21 and higher lncRNA-ATB were identified as independent predictors of mortality and disease progression, along with larger tumor size and higher CRP (all P<0.05). The overall survival of HCC patients with a low miRNA-21 expression group (miRNA-21 < 0.09) was significantly higher than in patients with a high miRNA-21 expression group (miRNA-21 >0.09) (log-rank test: P=0.014). The overall survival was also significantly higher in patients with a low lncRNA-ATB expression group (lncRNA-ATB < 0.0016) than in patients with a high lncRNA-ATB expression group (lncRNA-ATB >0.0016) (log-rank test : P=0.005). Conclusions: This study provides strong evidence that circulating exo-somal non-coding RNAs (miRNA-21, lncRNA-ATB) may be novel prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
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( Yu Rim Lee ),( Soo Young Park ),( Won Young Tak ),( Young Oh Kweon ),( Se Young Jang ),( Jun Sik Yoon ),( Bina Jeong ),( Gyoun Eun Kang ),( Sang Kyung ),( Seo Keun Hur ),( Jung Gil Park ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Because acute variceal bleeding is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients, the prediction of prognosis is important. We therefore studied about prognostic factors affecting treatment outcomes of acute variceal bleeding. In addition, factors related acute variceal bleeding in patients with HCC were also determined with particular emphasis. Methods: Endoscopy-proven acute variceal bleeding patients admitted to the Kyungpook National University Hospital between 2007 and 2013 were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Endoscopic procedures including either endoscopic variceal ligation or sclerotherapy with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate were performed for the patients within 24 hours after admission. The prognostic factors were identified by applying the multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression test using significant variables in univariate analysis. Results: 329 patients were finally included in this study. During the study period (median=15.6 months), 186 patients at a median of 4.3 months were expired. Nineteen patients were expired in 5 days, which accounted for 38.8% of 6-week mortality (n=49). Six-week mortality was related to the MELD score and 5-day treatment failure in multivariate analysis in all patients and HCC subgroup (all P<0.05). When the patients were divided into two groups by MELD score, the risk of 6 week mortality was higher in patients with MELD ≥ 15.5 than in those with MELD < 15.5 (log rank test, P<0.001). We also found that 85% of patients with both MELD score ≥ 15.5 and terminal cancer stage including mUICC stage 4 or BCLC stage D expired within six weeks and 6-week mortality risk is about 10 times higher compared to patients with lower MELD score and earlier stage after adjusting other factors (P<0.05). Conclusions: Follow-up strategy and managements are required for the individual patients, depending on these risk factors. According to our study, overly enthusiastic endoscopic treatment in patients with poor liver function and end-stage HCC may be unnecessary.
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