Associations of serotonergic genes with poststroke emotional incontinence

Kim, Jae‐,Min,Stewart, Robert,Kang, Hee‐,Ju,Bae, Kyung‐,Yeol,Kim, Sung‐,Wan,Shin, Il‐,Seon,Kim, Joon‐,Tae,Park, Man‐,Seok,Cho, Ki‐,Hyun,Yoon, Jin‐ John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2012 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY Vol.27 No.8

<P><B>Objectives</B></P><P>Poststroke emotional incontinence (PSEI) has been associated with serotonergic dysfunction. Polymorphisms of serotonin transporter (5‐HTT) and serotonin 2a receptor (5‐HTR2a) genes may regulate serotonergic signaling at brain synapses, and this study was to investigate associations with PSEI in an East Asian population.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In 276 stroke cases, PSEI was diagnosed by Kim's criteria. Covariates included age, gender, education, history of depression or stroke, current depression, and stroke severity and location. Genotypes were ascertained for 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region (5‐HTTLPR), serotonin transporter intron 2 variable number tandem repeat, 5‐HTR2a 1438A/G, and 5‐HTR2a 102 T/C. Associations with PSEI were estimated by using logistic regression models, and gene–gene interactions were investigated by using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>PSEI was present in 37 (13.4%) patients. The 5‐HTT gene‐linked promoter region <I>s</I>/<I>s</I> genotype was independently associated with PSEI. No associations with STin2 VNTR and 5‐HTR2a genes were found, and no significant gene–gene interactions were identified.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Stroke patients with 5‐HTTLPR <I>s</I> allele had higher susceptibility to PSEI, which underlines the potential role of serotonergic pathways in its etiology. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

두경부 마사지가 중환자실 환자의 수면과 불안에 미치는 효과

김미용,전선영,송윤희,최은진,김재희,김미성,주명순,김남선 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: This study was to apply head and neck massage to patients in intensive care unit and to inventigate the effect of that massage on sleep and state anxiety. Method: The subjects in this study were 27 patients who were admitted in medical intensive care unit. The study was performed from June thru September of 2005 on the One-group pretest-posttest design and the sleep, state anxiety of the subjects were measured before and after head and neck massage. For data analysis, paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were utilized. Result: The first hypothesis that the subjects might have a better sleep after being exposed to head and neck massage was accepted. The second hypothesis that the subjects might feel less state anxiety afrer being exposed to head and neck massage was accepted. The third hypothesis that the sleep of the ICU patients maight be correlated to their anxiety was accepted, as there appeared correlation between their sleep and anxiety. Conclusion: Head and neck massage is identified as one of independent nursing interwentions to improve the sleep of ICU patients and ease their anxiety, and it is necessary to apply it to clinical practices.

보행 시 노인의 상체 움직임에 대한 3차원적 분석

김희수,윤희중,류지선,김태삼 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.3

H. S. KIM, H. J. YOON, J. S. RYU, T. S. KIM. The Three Dimensional Analysis of the Upper Body's Segments of the Elderly during Walking. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 1-15, 2004. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic variables of the upper part of the body for 8 elderly men during walking. For this study, kinematic data were collected using a six-camera (240Hz) Qualisys ProReflex system. The room coordinate system was right-handed and fixed in space, with righted orthogonal segment coordinate systems defined for the head, trunk, and pelvis. Based on a rigid body model, reflective marker triads were attached on the 3 segments. Three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates for each marker were determined at the time of recording using a nonlinear transformation(NLT) technique with ProReflex software (Qualisys, Inc.). Coordinate data were low-pass filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth with cutoff frequency of 6Hz. Three-dimensional angles of the head, trunk, and pelvis segment were determined using a Cardan method. On the basis of each segment angle, angle-angle plot used to estimated the movement coordinations between segments. The conclusions were as follows; (1) During the support phase of walking, the elderly people generally kept their head the flexional and abductional posture. Particularly, the elderly displayed little internal/external rotation. (2) The elderly people showed extensional and external rotation postures in the trunk movement. Particularly, It showed the change from adduction into abduction at the heel contact event of the stance phase. (3) The elderly people showed almost same pelvis movement from the flexion into extension, from the abduction into adduction, and from internal rotation into external rotation at the mid stance and toe off of the stance phase.

Proteomic Approach to Analyzing Flooding Stress in Soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr.)

Kim,Tae-Seon,Cho,Seong-Woo,Lee,Jae-Eun,Kim,Yook-Han,Cho,Kun,Choi,Jong-Soon,Chung,Keun-Yook,Song,Beom-Heon,Jong,Seung-Keun,Kim,Hong-Sig,Woo,Sun-Hee 한국작물학회 2005 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

S-542 Indomethacin aggravates the renal injury by inhibition of adenosine-medited renal protection in AKI

( Hyejung Kim ),( Sun-hee Kim ),( Mi Seon Kang ),( Park Seok Ju ),( Min Sung An ),( Ki Beom Bae ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.1

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury with high morbidity and mortality due to limited therapy. AKI emerges in various clinical settings and is complex with outcome linking oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Therefore protection of AKI is still an unsolved problem. Indomethacin is generally known that it inhibits the production of prostaglandins through the inhibition both cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2. Prostaglandins have a wide variety of effect such as regulation of vasodilation, inflammation, regeneration, pain, fever. Therefore effect of indomethacin in AKI is different according to injury model. We investigated whether indomethacin which inhibits the production of prostaglandins aggravate the renal injury in AKI mouse model. Methods: Male C57/BL6 mice (8-10 weeks old, weight 20~25 g) were used. Acute kidney injury is induced by bilateral kidneys pedicle clamping which were subjected to 20 min or 30 min at both kidneys. Mice were treated with indomethacin at before and after injury. Blood and kidney samples were collected at 24 hr after IRI. The expression level of creatinine, N-gal & Kim-1 were detected in serum. And the expression level of PGE2, cAMP and adenosine were detected in kidney. Kidney Injury score were measured by HE staining and TUNEL. Results: In bilateral AKI model, Serum NGAL level and creatinine level were significantly highest in indomethacin treated group compared to non-treated group (NGAL, p<0.05; creatinine, p<0.01). Indomethacin treated group showed significantly more necrosis and apoptosis compared to non-treated group. Furthermore, Indomethacine inhibited the production of prostaglandins, cAMP and adenosine. Conclusions: Indomethacin inhibits adenosine-mediated renal protection by inhibition of prostaglandin production in AKI. Therefore Indomethacin worsened renal injury by inhibition of prostaglandin production in AKI. * This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the KHIDI, funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number :H15C2212)

자신의 목소리 찾기: 『릴라이어블이라는 이름의 택시』에 나타난 갈등과 성장의 이야기

손정희 ( Jeong Hee Sohn ),김선진 ( Seon Jin Kim ) 한국영미문화학회 2008 영미문화 Vol.8 No.2

북미지역주민(北美地域住民)의 사상체질(四象體質) 분포(分布)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

Koh, Byung-hee,Kim, Seon-ho,Park, Byung-gwan,Lavelle, Jonathan D,Tecun, Marianne,Anthony Jr., Ross,Hobbs, Ron,Zolli, Frank,Chin, Kyung-hee 사상체질의학회 1999 사상체질의학회지 Vol.11 No.2

In spite of recent remarkable recent development in both western and oriental medical sciences, there is still only a shallow understanding of individual differences for various prognoses of incurable diseases and immunopathy diseases. Nevertheless, the care, cure and prevention methods of Sasang Constitutional Medicine are broadly used as an effective treatment of incurable diseases like immunopathy diseases and stress-related diseases and diseases due to aging. In this sense, the establishment of classification norms is urgent and essential for the worldwide application of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM). This study began with the confirmation process of whether Sasang Constitutional types exist in Americans. To accomodate for cultural differences, the distinguishing tool was readjusted so that Sasang Constitutional Types in Americans could be determined. Hence, the selected tool is the new QSCCII+, which is a newly revised English version of the QSCCII. QSCCII was made and standardized by Dept. of SCM in Kyung Hee Medical Center and Dr. Kim7). The evaluation methods of the old version were improved in the new QSCCII+ through necessary statistical manipulation. The original QSCCII was officially authorized by the Korean Society of Sasang Constitutional Medicine as the only computerized version of Sasang diagnostics. This study is the first attempt to design a new diagnostic tool for the classification of Sasang Constitutional types in North Americans with the revision of QSCCII. The subjects of this study were selected from the cooperative people among the students and staffs of the University of Bridgeport and the patients who visited the Clinic in the Health Science Center. This study takes for about 1 year from 1998. 8 to 1999. 8 The conclusions of the study can be summarized as follows: 1. Sasang constitutional types also exist in Americans. It can also naturally be inferred that Sasang Constitutional types exist in all human beings, for there are many different human races in America. 2. There are more So-Yang In's than any other types in American white people. This result confirms the hypothesis that there also exist Sasang Constitutional types in westerners. 3. The result of repetitive tests suggests that the new QSCCII+ is an effective diagnostic tool for westerners when we consider the constant diagnostic results of the QSCCII+. 4. Sasang Constitutional types exit in the sample group regardless of racial difference. 5. The question items that were not often checked by Americans need to be modified into more understandable expressions. 6. The standardization of diagnosis for Americans should be established by use of the QSCCII+ 7. It can be guessed that there are many Tae-yang In's among the 71 persons who could not be clearly classified by the QSCCII+. Due to the scarcity of Tae-yang-In in general, it is important to improve upon the discernability of the QSCC II+. 8. The results of the Sasang Constitutional distribution in North Americans are as follows: The percentage of So-yang In distribution in the sample group is 36.25%(87persons), that of Tae-eum In is 13.75%(33persons), and that of So-eum In is 20.41%(49persons). 동(東) 서양의학(西洋醫學)이 여러 방면(方面)으로 눈부시게 발전(發展)해 왔음에도 불구(不拘)하고 동일질병(同一疾病)에 대한 약(藥) 효과(效果)의 개인별(個人別) 차이(差異)나 질병(疾病)에 대한 개인별(個人別) 감수성(感受性)의 차이(差異)에 따른 여러 가지 면역관계(免疫關係) 질환(疾患)의 다양성(多樣性)이나 난치병(難治病)의 다양(多樣)한 예후(豫後) 등(等)의 이유(理由)를 정확(正確)히 이해(理解)하지 못하고 따라서 적절(適切)한 대처(對處)를 하지 못하고 있는 것이 현실(現實)이다. 그런데 사상의학(四象醫學)의 네 체질(體質)에 따른 질병(疾病) 관리(管理), 치료(治療) 및 예방법(豫防法)은 현대(現代)의 난치병(難治病)이라고 할 수 있는 성인병(成人病), 면역계(免疫係) 질환(疾患), 스트레스성(性) 질환(疾患)의 관리(管理)에 효과적(效果的)으로 적용(適用)할 수 있으므로 현재(現在) 한방임상의학(韓方臨床醫學)에서 많이 응용(應用)되고 있다. 이러한 사상의학(四象醫學)을 세계(世界)에 폭넓게 적용하기 위해서는 국제적(國際的)으로 응용(應用)할 수 있는 체질진단(體質診斷)의 기준(基準)이 마련되어야 한다. 우선(于先) 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 외국인(外國人)에게도 과연(果然) 체질(體質)이 존재(存在)할까 하는 의문점(疑問点)을 해결(解決)하기 위(爲)하여 미국인(美國人)을 대상(對象)으로 체질(體質) 분류(分類)를 시도하여 체질(體質) 존재(存在) 여부(與否)를 확인(確認)하는 작업(作業)부터 시작(始作)하였다. 또 체질(體質)이 존재(存在)한다면 체질(體質) 진단(診斷) 도구(道具)로는 어떤 것이 좋을까를 알아보기 위(爲)한 연구(硏究)를 병행(竝行)하였다. 선택(選擇)된 체질(體質) 진단(診斷) 도구(道具)로는 경희대학교(慶熙大學校) 사상의학(四象醫學) 교실(敎室)에서 개발(開發)되어 학회(學會)에서 공인후(公認後) 임상(臨床)에서 널리 사용(使用)되는 체질(體質) 진단(診斷) 도구(道具)인 QSCCII를 바탕으로 이를 영문(英文)으로 번역(飜譯)하고 채점(採點) 방법(方法)을 보완(補完)하여 새롭게 제작(製作)된 new QSCCII + 사용(使用)하였다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)는 국내(國內)에서 표준화(標準化)되어 사용(使用)하고 있는 체질진단진단도구(體質診斷診斷道具)인 QSCCII를 보완하여 미국(美國)에서 응용(應用)할 수 있는 새로운 진단(診斷) 도구(道具)를 마련하고자 처음으로 시도(試圖)된 연구(硏究)이다. 조사(調査) 대상(對象)은 University of Bridgeport. Connecticut. U.S.A의 학생(學生), 교직원(敎職員)그리고 Health Science Center의 Clinic을 방문(訪問)한 사람중(中) 본(本) 조사(調査)에 협력(協力)한 사람이 주(主)로 그 대상(對象)이 되었으며 기타(其他) 주변(周邊)의 현지인(現地人)들이 대상(對象)이 되었다. 년(年) 조사대상인원(調査對象人員) 344명(名)이었고 전체(全體) 조사(調査) 대상(對象)에서 재검사(再檢査)를 할 수 있었던 인원(人員)은 240명(名)이었다. 연구기간(硏究期間)은 1998년(年) 9월(月)부터 1999년(年) 8월(月)까지 약(約) 1년(年) 여(餘)에 걸쳐 실시(實施)되었다. 이러한 연구결과(硏究結果)를 고찰(考察)해 볼 때 아래와 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 미국(美國) 사람에게도 사상체질(四象體質)은 존재(存在)한다. 추론(推論)컨데 미국(美國)에는 다양(多樣)한 인종(人種)이 섞여 살고 있으므로 외국인(外國人) 모두에게 역시(亦是) 체질(體質)이 존재(存在)한다고 볼 수 있다. 2. 미국인(美國人)에게 특(特)히 백인(白人)에게

光陽地域 金屬鑛床에 대한 岩石學的 및 鑛物學的 硏究

金熙南,柳官善 조선대학교 기초과학연구소 1986 自然科學硏究 Vol.9 No.1

The studied area is lobated in the central part of Kwang-Yang, Chullanamdo, which is in the south west of the Gyeongsang basin, The geology consists of the Pre-Cambrian Jirisan gneiss complex as its country rock, covered with the Gyeongsang system sedimentary rock giving unconformity in the Cretaceous period, and is intruded by volcanic rocks and plutonic jgneous rocks. These deposits are fissure filling hydrothemal ore deposits which were formed through fissure with the strike N 20^˚~50^˚E and the dip 70^˚~85^˚SE in the Pre-Cambrian Jirisan gneiss complex. They consist of gold, silver, and quartz veins. Ore minerals are chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, pyrite, galena, sphalerite, native gold, bornite, and covellite. The source rock of the ore minerals is granite porphyry, plutonic igneous rocks intruded in the late Cretaceous period. The method of study is as follows: 150 pure rock samples and 50 ore samples were picked up around the deposits and outcrops, and classified according to the distributed areas and their kinds. 80 thin sections out of 150 rock samples and 40 polished sections out of 50 ore samples were made and a modal analysis were made of them each. And 10 out of the thin sections were made chemical analysis. 5 out of the polished sections were made X-Ray diffraction analysis, which made a verification of what kind of ore minerals are contained in them. As a result of the modal analysis, the granite rocks ill the studied area are plotted by quartz monzodiorite, and have the similarity of the Bulgugsa granite rocks, and its gneiss is plotted by granodiorite and is similar to the Hongjesa granite gneiss. From the results to the Hongjesa granite gneiss but are poor in SiO_2 and rich in FeO, MgO and MnO, For this reason, it is thought that these rocks contain the minerals of the garnet group. These rocks belong to the alkali-calcic rock series in the alkali lime index composed by Peacock. By the I-S type classification by White, Chappell(1977) and Hine(1978) and by the A C F diagram and the normative’s Qu-Or-Ab triangular diagram, these rocks originated from sedimentary rocks. The Proportion of the alk:fm of the Niggli mean value is 19:46, and these rocks were possibly generated from before the Bulgugsa granite and Masan granite age. From the AMF diagram these rocks are coincident with the Gyeongsang basin trend in granite and similar to the Hyndmann trend in gneiss. In the AKF diagram and normative Or-Ab-An diagram, the rocks in the studied area are rich in albite, and compared with S.R. Nockold’s world rock mean value, they belong mostly to tonalite and diorite.

토당귀 종자의 형태적 특성과 발아와 입모율에 대한 저장방법,생장조절제 및 프라이밍 처리 효과

안희정,안복주,·김도현,·안영섭,·김영국,박춘근,이상원,·박충범·차선우,·송범헌, 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.1

This study was conducted to have basic and applied informations to establish the cultivation method and to improve the cultivation techniques of Angelica gigas Nakai through investigating the rates of germination and seedling establishment with treatment of plant growth regulator and seed priming. The germination rates of round shape seed were about 0.3~12% higher than those of parallel shape. The germination rates with different storage durations were increased at the level of 25oC and 4oC with the storage days, while they were clearly higher at -20oC compared to those at 4oC and 25oC without the storage durations. With the results of germination rates with treating of plant growth regulator and seed priming, their rates with the round shape seeds were comparatively higher about 6% than those with parallel shape seed and they were increased with increasing of the storage durations. The germination rates were generally appeared higher with GA3 than did those with seed priming. The highest germination rate was appeared at 50 ppm GA3 of plant growth regulator and at -0.5 MPa PEG6000 of seed priming. The germination rates?ㅤ ?ㅤ of Angelica gigas were different with different temperature, storage durations and the treatments of plant growth regulator and seed priming. These results could be used according to different cultivating conditions.

초등학교 시조 교육 활성화 방안

김선희 청람어문교육학회 2003 청람어문교육 Vol.27 No.-

이 글은 다음에 개정될 교육과정에는 시조문학 교육이 초등학교 국어과 교육과정의 내용으로 선정되어야 한다는 전제 하에 쓰여졌다. 그 당위성을 각 교육과정기별 시조 수록 양상의 분석과 제6차 교육과정기에서의 초등학교 시조 문학 교육을 통해 논의하였다. 제7차 국어과 교육과정의 문학 내용 체계를 분석하고, 초등학교 시조 교육의 활성화 방안을 시조 텍스트의 선정, 시조 창작, 시조 가창지도로 나누어 그 지향점을 찾고자 하였다. 이 글에서 논의한 내용을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 1. 시조문학 텍스트는 각 교육과정기별마다 10편 이상이 교과서에 수록되었다. 그러나 그러나 제7차 초등학교 국어과 교육과정에는 그 양이 대폭 줄어 불과 5편만이 수록되었다. 제6차 교육과정에서는 시조의 이해와 감상을 위한 단원을 『읽기』교과에, 창작을 위한 단원을 『말하기·듣기·쓰기』교과에 수록하여 문학작품의 이해와 표현을 대등한 범주로 제시하였다. 특히 시조 창작에 대한 단원을 설정한 것은 교육과정사상 빛나는 업적이라고 할 수 있다. 반면에 제7차 교육과정에서는 시조문학을 읽기 활동을 위한 국어자료의 하나로 치부하거나 학습자의 환기용 자료로 수록하였을 뿐이었다 2. 제6차 국어과 교육과정에서의 초등학교 시조문학 교육은 문학적 경험과 일상적 경험을 연결하는데 초점을 두고 있다. 그러나 제6차 교육과정의 시조교육은 학습량의 과다, 학습의 계열성의 부족, 시조의 본질에 대한 탐구 부족, 유용한 교수-학습 방법의 미비, 구체적인 학습활동의 안내 부족 등의 문제를 안고 있다. 새로 개정될 교육과정에서는 이런 문제점을 개선하여 교과서를 구성해야 한다. 3. 문학 영역의 내용체계 구성에서 시조 문학 텍스트가 제외된 것은 동시조가 창작되고 있을 정도로 활발한 시조문학 교육 현실을 외면한 결과였다. 문학의 ‘본질’로 설정한 범주의 내용은 시조문학을 포함시키지 않고는 논의될 수 없다. 4. 초등학교 시조 교육의 활성화 방안은 바람직한 교수·학습 유형의 적용, 학습자 요인과 교육목표를 고려한 시조문학 텍스트의 선정, 일상 경험을 문학적 표현과 연결하는 시조의 창작, 시가 문학으로써의 전통을 이어가는 시조 가창 지도로 설정했다. 지금까지 논의한 내용은 시조 문학을 초등학교 문학 교육의 내용으로 설정해야 한다는 것과 시조 문학 교육을 시조 창작과 가창 지도와 관련하여 활성화시키고자 하는 방안이었다. This paper started from the precondition that education of Sijo has to make a selection on Korean language curriculum in the elementary school when it reforms next time. I mainly researched about analysis of recorded Sijo type from the each curriculum and through out the elementary education of Sijo at the 6th curriculum as this paper. I tried to analyze intentional point which are the literary structure of 7th Korean language curriculum and divide into the selection of Sijo text, creative writing work, teaching for the Sijo singing also. It is as follows in main results in this study. First, The text of Sijo literature was fined their places in each curriculum more than one, but there is only one poem where the 7th Korean language curriculum as the supplementary educational materials. In the 6th Korean language curriculum, a literary work's understanding and representation are on equal terms as to there is a course of 『Reading』to understand or appreciate and a course of 『Speaking·istening·and Writing』to write an original works, Sijo. The setting up the Sijo creative work can be most admirable as the curriculum historically. Second, Elementary school poem literary education in the 6th curriculum focused on that connected literary experiences with usual of it. However that holds the points at the issues somewhat as on the excessive studying and a lack of the interrelationships of studying, inquiry of Sijo essence, useful for teaching-learning, inform of detail activities in researches. Third, Excluding for the poem literature text in the field of literature to contents structure is the result as the ignored educational realities which is the elementary students actively create work, Sijo. Therefore it can not be discuss when excluding the essence of literature category. Fourth, education of Sijo activated program on the elementary school could be instituting from the desirable teaching and learning method, selection in felicitous Sijo about the considerable learner factors and an objective education, trying to manifest of literary connection with daily experiences, teaching for the poem singing as the traditional Sijo literary.