Glyoxal-induced exacerbation of pruritus and dermatitis is associated with <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> colonization in the skin of a rat model of atopic dermatitis

Han, Rafael Taeho,Kim, Hye Young,Ryu, Hyun,Jang, Wooyoung,Cha, Seung Ha,Kim, Hyo Young,Lee, JaeHee,Back, Seung Keun,Kim, Hee Jin,Na, Heung Sik Elsevier 2018 Journal of dermatological science Vol.90 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly pruritic, chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with hyperreactivity to environmental triggers. Among those, outdoor air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) have been reported to aggravate pre-existing AD. However, underlying mechanisms of air pollution-induced aggravation of AD have hardly been studied.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which glyoxal, a PM-forming organic compound, exacerbates the symptoms of AD induced by neonatal capsaicin treatment.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Naïve and AD rats had been exposed to either fresh air or vaporized glyoxal for 5 weeks (2 h/day and 5 days/week) since one week of age. Pruritus and dermatitis were measured every week. The skin and blood were collected and immunological traits such as Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization, production of antimicrobial peptides and immunoglobulin, and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Exposure to glyoxal aggravated pruritus and dermatitis in AD rats, but did not induce any symptoms in naïve rats. Staphylococcus aureus skin colonization was increased in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. Expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37 and β-defensin-2 was also increased by exposure to glyoxal in the skin of both naïve and AD rats. The mRNA expression of Th1-related cytokines was elevated on exposure to glyoxal. However, serum immunoglobulin production was not significantly changed by exposure to glyoxal.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>In AD rats, exposure to glyoxal exacerbated pruritus and cutaneous inflammation, which was associated with increased colonization of <I>S. aureus</I> and subsequent immunological alterations in the skin.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal aggravated the symptoms in AD rats, but did not induce AD in naïve rats. </LI> <LI> <I>S. aureus</I> skin colonization and subsequent expression of antimicrobial peptides were increased after exposure to glyoxal. </LI> <LI> Exposure to glyoxal elevated the production of Th1-related cytokines such as TNF-α and IFN-γ in the AD lesional skin. </LI> </UL> </P>

靑色 사파이어의 熱處理와 分光學的 特性

나경주,김원사,김문영,배인국,장영남 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 연구논문집 Vol.14 No.-

For the blue sapphires from Santung, China, the color change before and after has been investigated by UV-Visible spectrophotometry method. The blue sapphires from Shantung show four groups of absorption bands: the bands A (374, 386 and 450 ㎚) being attributed to single Fe^3+ ion, the band B (560, 579 and 704 ㎚) to Fe^2+/Ti^4+ pairs, the band C (∼800 ㎚) to Fe^2+/Fe^3+ pairs, and the D (528 ㎚) to Ti^3+ dd transitions. From those UV-VIS characteristics the origin of blue color of the sapphires is confirmed to be attributed by the factors such as Fe^2+/Fe^3+ and Ti^3+/Ti^4+. The absorption spectra of natural blue sapphires before and after heat treatment show distintive features, comparing with those of sapphires from other localities: the bands of 689 ㎚ and of Cr^3+ are not recorded on the spectra of sapphires from Shantung. The band (492 ㎚), which resulted from Ti^3+, is not shown and the intensity of the band 528 ㎚ decreases after the heat treatment. Decoloration of ink-blue sapphires are found to be successful by heat treatment with the control of annealing and atmosphere. During the diffusion process the excess components of impurities contained originally in the host crystal were expelled to the surface of crystals, enhancing the transparency of the crystals noticeably.

녹동균 세포외막 단백질 백신 CFC-1-101의 안정성 및 면역원성 검토 : 임상 제 Ⅰ/Ⅱa상 시험

장인진,김익상,유경상,임동석,김형기,신상구,장우현,박완제,이나경,정상보,안동호,조양제,안보영,이윤하,김영지,남성우,김현수 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.3

목적 : 제일제당에서는 녹농균의 세포외막 단밸질을 유효성분으로 하는 백신인 CFC-101을 개발하였으며, 동물시험에서 이 백신의 안전성과 유효성을 입증하였다. 본 연구에서는 이 녹농균 백신의 인체에 대한 안전성과 면역원성을 평가하는 동시에 인체 접종시의 최적 투여 용량을 결정하기 위하여 제 I/Ⅱa상 임상시험을 수행하였다. 방법 : 건강한 성인 남자를 피험자로 선별하여 각 용량군에 백신투여자 6명, 위약투여자 2명을 배정하였다. 백신 투여군은 0.25mg, 0.5mg 또는 1.0mg 용량의 녹농균 백신을 7일 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 근육주사 하였으며, 위약 투여군에게는 세포외막 단백질을 제외한 동일한 성분을 투여하였다. 백신접종 후 국소적 또는 전신적인 반응의 발생여부를 관찰하고, 혈액시료를 체취하여 백신의 역가와 유효성을 검정하였다. 결과 : 녹농균 백신 CFC-101은 모든 접종자에서 양호한 내약성을 보였다. 또한 0.5mg 과 1.0mg 백신 투여군에서는 100%의 항체양전율을 나타내었다. 생성된 항체는 녹농균 세포외막단백질에 특이성을 보였고, 녹농균 감염에 대해 방어효능이 있었다. 결론 : 이와같은 결과로부터 이 녹농균 백신은 인체에 안전하게 투여할 수 있으며, 높은 항체 생성능으로 감염방어 효능을 보이고 0.5mg과 1.0mg이 최적용량인 것으로 판단되었다. Background : We developed a Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane protein(OMP) vaccine CFC-101, and the prophylactic efficacy of which has been demonstrated in animal models. In order to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the P. aeruginosa vaccine, we carried out a phase I/Ⅱa clinical trial in healthy male volunteers. Methods : Groups of eight volunteers, including two placebo subjects, were vaccinated intramuscularly with three doses of 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg of the vaccine at one week intervals. Sings of systemic and local reactions observed after vaccination were recorded for each vaccinee for 5 days. Physical examinations were performed on days 0, 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, and 42, and clinical laboratory tests were done on days 0, 3, and 21. Blood samples for assay of serum antibody levels were obtained up to 42 days after the first vaccination. Results : The vaccine was generally well tolerated by all vaccinees, showing no significant side effects. In the three dosage groups, all vaccinees, except one receiving the 0.25 mg dose, showed significant elevation in serum IgG antibody titers against the vaccine proteins, indicating 100% seroconversion in 0.5 and 1.0 mg groups. The human antibodies induced by the vaccine were specific for P. aeruginosa OMPs, as confirmed by western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation assays. The capacity of the human antisera to enhance opsonophagocytic killing activity by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and to confer protection against P. aeruginosa infections indicates that the antibodies elicited by the vaccine have protective efficacy. Conclusion : We conclude that the P. aeruginosa OMP vaccine is safe and effective for human use and its optimal dose to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg.

直接螢光抗體法에 依한 고양이의 Toxoplasma 感染 樣相에 關한 調査 硏究

張南植,羅榮彦,李英河,辛大煥 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1989 충남의대잡지 Vol.16 No.1

A study on the direct fluorescent antibody test using the several organ tissues and stamp smear of domestic cats which are the final and favorate host of Toxoplasma gondii, was performed. The organ tissue used was prepared in 6-8μm thickness by frozen section at -20℃ and stamp smear sample was prepared by smear wet mounting. Fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC) conjugates was diluted by 4 fold, 1:4, 1:16, 1:256 in phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.2). A total of 35 domestic cats which is being commerced in Jungang domestic animal market, Taejeon, was examined. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Fluorescent zone of Toxoplasma was mainly part of below microtubuel and cell membrane. 2. Fluorescent reaction was no-fluorescent and non-specific reaction in under the titer 1:4, and in over the titer it was reacted in 16 samples of the tissue organ, 4 sample s of smear. 3. Positive rate of tissue specimen was 8.6% in liver, 5.8% in spleen, lung heart respectively, 2.9% in lymph node. 4. Positive rate of stamp smear specimen was 2.9% in liver, spleen lung, respectively. 5. Among 35 domestic cats, infected domestic cats were indentified to 5 domestic cats, corresponding to 14.3%.

색상 측정 기기를 이용한 복합레진 적층 수복과 단일 수복의 색상 비교 분석

송영상,김자현,이빈나,장지현,장훈상,황윤찬,오원만,황인남 大韓齒科保存學會 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.2

Objectives: This study analyzed the difference in color caused by different thickness in enamel layer of composite resins when applied with single and layering placement technique, and evaluated if the results agreed with the shade guide from the manufacturers to verify reliability of the color matching process of the manufacturers. Materials and Methods: For single composite resin samples, 6 mm diameter and 4 mm thickness cylindrical samples were fabricated using Ceram-X mono (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and CIE L*a*b* values were measured with spectrophotometer. Same process was done for layering compositie resin samples, making 3 dentinal shade samples, 4 mm thickness, for each shade using Ceram-X duo (DENTSPLY DeTrey) and enamel shade resins were layered in 2 mm thickness and CIE L*a*b* values were measured. These samples were ground to 0.2 mm thickness each time, and CIE L*a*b* values were measured to 1 mm thickness of enamel shade resin. Results: Color difference (△E*) between single and layering composite resin was 1.37 minimum and 10.53 maximum when layering thicknesses were between 1 mm and 2 mm and 6 out of 10 same shade groups suggested by manufacturer showed remarkable color difference at anythickness (△E* > 3.3). Conclusion: When using Ceram-X mono and duo for composite resin restoration, following the manufacturer's instructions for chossing the shade is not appropriate, and more accurate information for Ceram-X duo is needed on the variation and expression of the shades depending on the thickness of the enamel. (Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(2):84-89)

데치는 방법이 품종별 시금치의 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향 : 소금 첨가량에 의한 영향

張明淑,金那映 단국대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

This investigation was undertaken for the purpose of studying the physicochemical properties of different kinds of spinach by various levels of salt in blanching water. Ascorbic acid, mineral and oxalic acid retention of spinaches, as well as blanch effluent composition were the major factors considered with Dong-cho(winter spinach) and greenhouse grown spinach. Ash, crude protein, crude fat and vitamin C contents of Dong-cho were higher than those of greenhouse spinach. On the other hand, greenhouse grown spinach showed higher content in moisture, phosphorous, calcium and oxalic acid. Vitamin C and oxalate content in blanched spinach, and solid content in blanch effluent of spinaches were increased by increasing salt concentration. In the textural characteristics of spinaches, the cutting force of spinaches was slightly increased by adding the salt in the blanching water.

ATM망에서 실시간 연결수락제어에 관한 연구

장혁,김영훈,김용수,김희철,나상동 조선대학교 동력자원연구소 1997 動力資源硏究所誌 Vol.19 No.1

본 논문은 이질적 버스트 트래픽을 갖는 ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) 망에서 실시간 연결 수락 제어를 위한 유체 흐름 모델(fluid flow model)에 기반을 둔 실시간 알고리즘을 제안한다. 셀 손실 확률은 QOS(Quality of Service)의 기준이 되므로 제안된 실시간 알고리즘은 일정한 메모리 크기와 연결 요청의 수락 여부 즉, 연결 수락 여부의 결정을 위한 하나의 영역을 필요로 한다. 이러한 트래픽 소스 각 타입에 대한 셀 손실 확률은 트래픽 소스 타입 전체에 하나만 존재하더라도 요구를 충족 시킬 수 없으므로, 본 논문에서 제안된 실시간 알고리즘에 의해 산출되는 각각의 셀 손실확률에 충분한 상한선을 제공하는 전형적 트래픽 매개변수를 사용하여 성능을 분석한다.

배 주스 슬러리로 제조한 배 페이스트의 품질 특성과 생리기능성

김영헌, 장인택, 나광출, 이종수 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2012 自然科學論文集 Vol.23 No.1

In order to reduce environmental pollution by pear slurry from pear juice processing and further, develop new valuable sauces, pear pastes was prepared using pear slurry and its quality characteristics was investigated with physiological functionality. Pear paste contained 29.1% of carbohydrate, 1.0% of crude protein and 0.25% of crude fat, and also fructose content and edible fiber content were 16.42mg/100ml and 0.5g/100ml, respectively. Anti-obesity α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the pear pastes was 20.0% and antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory was increased to 17.9% from 4.0% during storage at 20℃ for 2 weeks.

韓國人의 各 臟器組織中 靑酸鹽의 微量分布에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

張成吉,金恩浩,金英雲,李鎭勳,柳在薰,權五星,金明德,吳世珍,金由那 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

돌나물 김치의 발효숙성에 밀가루풀이 미치는 영향

장명숙,이승민,김나영 단국대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

Dolnamulkimchi is a kind of Korean watery kimchi made with Dolnamul (Sedum sarmentosum Bunge). In many kinds of cook book, the wheat flour paste concentration for Dolnamulkimchi were clarified differently one another although it could have the greatest influence on the fermentation of Dolnamulkimchi. So this study was purposed to investigate the effect of wheat flour paste concentration on the Dolamulkimchi during fermentation and to find out the most suitable this concentrations for making the most palatable Dolnamulkimchi. For this purpose, the wheat flour paste concentration was varied as 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0% in Dolnamulkimchi. And physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics were analyzed during fermentation. The fermentation was programed like the home-made style. Indeed, Dolnamulkimchi was stored at 4℃ refrigerator after 12 hours storing at room temperature. The pH was decreased and total acid content was increased during fermentation. In the most palatable period, the 3∼4 days after fermentation, pH was remarkably decreased and total acid content was remarkably increased. This change occured more obviously in Dolamulkimchi with higher level of wheat flour paste concentration. The reducing sugar content was remarkably decreased up to 12 hours and slowly decreased thereafter. The vitamin C content was remarkably decreased up to 3 days and slowly increased up to 11∼13 days and decreased thereafter. The highest vitamin C content in Dolamulkimchi with 1.0% wheat flour paste was kept the highest content during fermentation. The lightness of Dolamulkimchi in all of samples was remarkably increased up to 6 days and decreased after that period. The redness showed same tendency as lightness up to 6 days but slowly increased after that period. The yellowness was slowly increased during fermentation. The lactic acid bacteria cell number and total cell number in Dolamulkimchi with any percent of wheat flour paste were larger than in that with no wheat flour paste. Dolamulkimchi with 1.0% wheat flour paste showed higher scores than any other samples. And it was the most suitable for making the most acceptable Dolamulkimchi