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서울지방에서 분리된 Corynebacterium diphtheriae 균주에 관한 연구
장우현,신용우 대한미생물학회 1973 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.8 No.1
To understand the characteristics of 29 toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated in Seoul area, type classification, biochemical properties and antibiotic susceptibility pattern to 9 kinds of antibiotics were investigated. The results obtained were summerized as follows; I . Among the 29 strains, gravis type was the overwhelming majority (24 strains), followed by intermedius type (3 strains) and mitis type (2 strains). II. Fermentation of glucose, maltose, lactose, trehalose and mannitol, nitrate reduction and urease were tested. All strains fermented glucose, but not sucrose, lactose, mannitol and trehalose. 9 strains fermented maltose and 20 strains did not. Nitrate was reduced by 28 strains but not by one strain. In urease test one strain showed positive, 28 strains negative. III. Antibiotic susceptibility test to penicillin G, chloramphenical, kanamycin, lincomycin, streptomycin, terramycin, erythromycin and gentamycin were carried out. The MIC of erythromycin (0. 025 ㎍/ml 26 strains ad 0. 05 ㎍/ml 3 strains) was the lowest, followed by ampicillin, lincomycin and penicillin G. Streptomycin showed the highest MIC.
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장우현,김익상,이우곤,홍태의 대한미생물학회 1985 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.20 No.1
Phosphate, ammonia, glucosamine, glueose, pyruvate, succinate, fumarate, malate and acetate were examined for their ability to control the heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) production in suceinate salts me- dium or in R9 medium. The results obtained were summerised as follows; 1. When the initial phosphate concentration was adjusted to 1.OmM, ST production was decreased to 80u/ml or less. But when the initial phosphate concentration was adjusted to 64mM or100mM, enterotoxin production was 320u/ml. 2. When the initial ammonia concentration in the medium was adjusted to 1.0rnM, no ST production and eell grpwth were observed. But when ammonia concentration was adjusted to 10mM, 19 mM, 38mM or 76mM, enterotoxin production was 320u/ml. 3. Among carbon sources, glucosamine, glucose, pyruvate, succinate, fumarate, malate and acetate, acetate supported the highest specific production (928 unit/O.D.) of heat-stable enterotoxin. From this results, we could assume that heat-stable enterotoxin production is controlled by stringent con- trol mechanisrn. 4. When the pH of the succinate sa)ts medium was kept between 6.2 to 6.5, no heat-stable entero- toxin production was observed, but when the pH of the medium was kept between pH 6.2 to 6.5, 267 unit/O.D. of heat-stable enterotoxin was produced. 5. Glucose inhibited the heat-stable enterotoxin production and the mechanism was assumed due to its capacity to lower the pH of the medium during catabolysis and its high metabolic energy.
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일부 무의촌지역(無醫村地域) 병원에서 분리한 E . coli 의 항생제(抗生劑) 감수성에 대하여
장우현,신희섭,김익상,이광호,차창용 대한미생물학회 1977 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.12 No.1
40 strains of E. coli isolated from residents of a doctorless ana in Korea in 1976 and 40 strains of E. coli isolated from patients of Seoul National University Hospital from 1975 to 1976 were examined for susceptibilities to 14 antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. The susceptibilities of the two groups to each antimicrobial agent were compared and, correlations in the antimicrobial susceptibility of the 80 strains of E, coli among the 14 antimicrobial agants were also analyzed. The results were obtained as follow: 1. Svith Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Doxycycline and Ampicillin, the mean MIC's of E. coli isolated from patients of Seoul National University Hospital were 8. G to 14 times higher than. Hose of E. coli isolated from residents of a doctorless area. 2. With Streptomycin, Minocycline and Carbenicillin, the mean MIC's of E. coli isolated from Patients of Seoul National University Hospital were 4. J, to 5. Q times higher than those of E. coil isolated from rasidents of a doctorless area. 3. With kanamycin, Penici1lin and Cotrimoxazole, the mean MIC's of E. coli isolatc patients of Seoul National University Hospital were 2 6 to 3. 7 times higher than those of E. coli. Isolated from residents of a doctorless area. 4. There were no significant differences in susceptibility to Erythromycin and Cephalexin resp ctively b tween E. coli iso1ated from patients of Seoul National University Hospital and E. coli isolated from residents of a doctorless area. 5. B. coli isolated frorn patients of Seoul National University Hospital were resistant. To Erythromycin (100%), Streptomycin (75%), Tetracycline (72.5%), Oxytetracycline (72.5%), Doxyeyeline (72.5%), Minocycline (67. 5%) I Penicillin (82.5%), Arnpicillin (60%) and Carbenicillin (65%) respectively and were sensitive to Gentamicin (97.5%), C phal xin (g2.5%) and Kanamycm (72. 5%) respectively. 6. E. coli isolated from residents of a doctorless area were resistant (o Zrythromycin' (100%), Streptomycin (49,) and Penicillin (50,6) respectively and were sensitive to Gentamicin (100%), kanamycin (92. 5%), Tetracycline (87. 5%), Oxytetracycline (g7. 5% ), Doxycycline (87. 5%). Klinoc;cline (g7, 5%), Amprcillin (95%), Carbenicillin (92.5,4) and C.phal xin (97.5%) respectively. 7. There were high correlations among the suscebtibilities of the 80 strains of E,coli to Tetracycline analogues (Tetracycline,' Oxytetracycline, Doxycycline gnd Minocycline) and among susceptibilities of the 80 strains of E. coli to PeniaiJlin analogues (Penicillin, Ampicillin and Carbenicillin). 8. There were relatively high correlatlons between the susceptibilities of the 80 strains of E. coli to Penicillin analogues and those to Tetracycline analogues, betwecn the susceptibilities to Penicillin analogues and those to Streptomycin and betwecn the susceptibilities to Tetracycline analogues and those to Streptomycin.
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장우현 한국개발연구원 2014 KDI Journal of Economic Policy (KDI JEP) Vol.36 No.4
This paper examines the possibility of ‘parallel reimportation’, the reimportation of goods originally produced in the country and exported to another country by profit-pursuing arbitrageurs. The chance of parallel reimportation implies unusually high level of market power of domestic enterprises, and promoting parallel reimportation can be an effective welfare-enhancing, competition-generating policy for the situation. Motivated by the finding, this paper proposes a methodology to measure the welfare effects of parallel reimportation. Specifically, this paper makes use of a structural empirical model to estimate the demand and supply system of Korean automobile market for performing a counterfactual experiment to measure the welfare effects of the parallel reimportation. The results indicates that parallel reimportation can enhance social welfare considerably by increasing consumer surplus and government tax revenue altogether, though it reduces the producer surplus. 국내시장에 높은 시장지배력을 지닌 사업자가 존재하여 일반적인 외국산 제품에 대한 수입 활성화나 병행수입 활성화를 통한 국내시장 경쟁도 제고에 한계가 있을 경우, 해당 사업자가 국내에서 생산하여 해외에 수출한 제품을 다시 수입해 오는 재병행수입의 촉진 또한 사회후생 증가에 기여할 수 있는 유효한 도구라고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 사실에 주목하여 자동차산업에서의 재병행수입의 경제적 효과를 살펴보았다. 보다 구체적으로는, 국내 자동차산업의 수요와 공급 시스템을 구조적으로 추정하여 국내에서 생산되어 미국시장에서 내수시장에서보다 현저히 저렴하게 판매되고 있는 차종들의 재수입 활성화를 가정한 반사실적 실험을 시행한 결과, 재병행수입의 활성화는 기업들의 이윤을 감소시키지만 그 이상의 소비자후생 증가와 함께 소폭의 추가 재정수입 증가를 가져와 전체적으로 사회의 경제적 후생 증가에 기여함을 확인하였다. 이는 재병행수입에 관련된 제약에 의한 정책비용이 발생하고 있는 것으로도 이해할 수 있으므로, 경쟁정책 당국은 물론 산업 및 무역 정책을 담당하는 정책당국이 이와 같은 비용을 간과하지 않도록 지속적인 관심을 가질 필요가 있을 것이다.
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장우현,Jang, W. 한국전자통신연구원 1994 전자통신동향분석 Vol.9 No.4
최근의 통신산업은 제2의 무선통신기술 도약기라 할 수 있다. 셀룰러 통신기술의 출현으로 가속화 되기 시작한 무선통신기술은 다양한 무선응용 서비스의 등장으로 정보통신 환경의 변화로 이어지고 있다. 향후 무선통신은 정보통신망에 의한 음성, 데이터, 메시지 서비스 등이 장소와 시간에 제한받지 않고 보다 효율적으로 이루어질 수 있도록 발전해 나아갈 전망이다. 본고에서는 셀룰러 응용 및 기술개발에 관한 현황과 미래의 무선통신 네트워크의 향후 발전 전망 등에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다.
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