Sparganum症 1例

신대환 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1985 충남의대잡지 Vol.12 No.2

Aug. 1985, live moving folded milky colored band like single worm, Sparganum, was collected from the abdominal wall of 22 year old male. It was 5mm in width and 7cm in length. Species identification was not performed.

Validation of high-performance liqid chromatography method to determine epirubicin and its pharmacokinetics after intravenous bolus administration in rats

신대환,박승혁,권오승,박천웅,한건,정연복 한국약제학회 2013 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.43 No.3

We investigated the pharmacokinetics of epirubicin,an anthracycline derivative antibiotics, after intravenous (i.v.) bolus administration in rats. To analyze epirubicin levels in the plasma, bile, urine and tissue samples, we developed an high-performance liqid chromatography (HPLC)-based method which was validated for a pharmacokinetic study by suitable criteria. The plasma concentration of epirubicin after i.v. bolus administration was rapidly disappeared within 10 min from the blood circulation. The mean plasma half-lives at a phase (t1/2a) when administered at the dose of 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg were 2.14–2.61 min. The values of t1/2b at the corresponding doses increased two folds (from 150 to 291 min) with increasing doses. The CLt values significantly decreased with the increase in dose. In contrast, Vdss values increased about 1.5 times with the increase in dose from 2 to 50 mg/kg. Of the various tissues, epirubicin mainly distributed to the kidney, lung, heart and liver after i.v. bolus administration. The epirubicin concentrations in various tissues at 24 h after i.v. bolus administration were below 1.0 lg/g tissue. Epirubicin was excreted largely in the bile after i.v. bolus administration at the dose of 2, 10and 50 mg/kg. The cumulative amount of epirubicin in the urine 72 h after dosage represented 20 % of the amount excreted in the bile 12 h after high dosage, indicating that i.v. administered epirubicin was mainly excreted in the bile. In conclusion, epirubicin was rapidly cleared from the blood circulation and transferred to tissues such as the kidney and liver 2 h after i.v. bolus administration. Moreover, the majority of epirubicin appears to be excreted in the bile by 12 h after i.v. bolus administration.

Pharmacokinetic scaling of epirubicin using allometric and species-invariant time methods

신대환,박승혁,정성우,권오승,박천웅,김한,정연복 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.5

The pharmacokinetics of epirubicin, an anthracycline, were investigated after intravenous bolus administration (5 mg/kg) in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs. Based on animal data, we predicted the following human pharmacokinetic parameters using allometric scaling: 120 and 35.2 L/h for total body clearance (CLt) using simple and maximum life-span potential (MLP)-corrected allometry, respectively; 702 L for steady-state volume of distribution (Vdss). The scaled Vdss value was twofold lower than the corresponding values in humans. However, the scaled CLt values were consistent with those clinically observed in humans (35.6–133.4 L/h). We also predicted human parameters using species-invariant time transformations (equivalent time, kallynochrons, apolysichrons and dienetichrons). The mean Vdss (854 L) obtained using kallynochrons and that derived from simple allometry were comparable. The lowest CLt (121 L/h) derived using kallynochrons was comparable to that obtained using simple allometry. The results of this study also indicated that the predicted human CLt generated using MLP-corrected allometry can be used for the selection of a safe dose for studies in healthy adult human volunteers. These results suggest that such approaches may be useful in designing pharmacokinetic studies for novel anthracyclines.

Enhanced Anticancer Effect of Liposome Encapsulated Choline Kinase-siRNA in Mice

신대환,김진석,심재연,김정현,이승윤,Shuhua Xuan,김우영,원권연 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.3

The anticancer effect of choline kinase (ChK)-siRNA for breast cancer was evaluated using PEGylatedliposomes both in vitro and in vivo. The optimal size and zeta-potential of siRNA/liposome complex were achievedusing condensing agents of hyaluronic acid (HA) and protamine with weight ratios of (ChK-siRNA+HA+protamine):liposome between 0.05 and 0.0037. Suppression of the expression of ChK-mRNA and the resulting cellgrowth inhibition by the treatment with ChK-siRNA was the highest when using 2.5 and 5 mol% PEGylated liposomes. A pharmacokinetic study after intravenous injection into mice showed that the area under the curve (AUC)and blood half-life (t1/2, α and t1/2, β) of ChK-siRNA in 5 mol% PEGylated liposomes were 19 times and 2.2 to 10.5times higher than that of naked siRNA, respectively. In vivo study showed that PEG-lipo with siRNA exhibitedmuch better tumor growth inhibition and increased survival time than the free siRNA in an MDA-MB-231-bearingxenograft nude mouse model, presumably due to the increased half-life and the passive targeting effect mediated bythe PEGylated liposome. The data clearly show that the PEGylated liposome, together with appropriate condensingagents, could serve as an effective delivery system for the ChK-siRNA therapeutics for breast cancer.

忠南 一部地域의 寄生蟲 感染率 調査

辛大渙 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1977 충남의대잡지 Vol.4 No.2

A survey of intestinal parasites by fecal examination and intradermal test with the antigens of Clonorchis and Paragcnimus carried out in several localities of Chung-chung. nam Do, from August to September, 1977. A total of 1632 fecal specimens and intradermal test of 2278 cases were examined. And the results are summarized as follows: 1. The prevalence rate of intestinal helminth revealed 78.7% (male 76.3, female 81.7) in the 1632 fecal specimens and the rate of Ascaris lumbricoides showed 50.5%, Trichocephalus trichiurus 56.0%, hookworm 0.3%, Clonorchis sinensis 1.1%, Enterobius vermicularis 5.0%, Hymenolepis nana 0.7%, Taenia spp. 0.4%, and 1 case of each Fasciolidae and Trichostrongylus orientaifs, respectively. 2. The prevalence rate of intestinal protozoa in Anmyeon Myeon Seosan Gun was 16.4%(male 15.6, female 18.2) among 1050 stool specimens. The rate of each species showed Entamoeba histolytica 3.2%, Entamoeba coli 9.5%, Endolimax nana 3.5%, Giardia lamblia 5.0% and lodamoeba bu¨tschlii 0.1%. 3. The positive reaction rate of Clonorchis were 137 cases (6.0%) out of 2278 (male 1147, female 1131) intradermal tests, and the rate of each locality showed 21.5% in Jewon Myeon Kumsan Gun, 7.2% in Kereong Myeon Gongju Gun, 3.2% in Daehogie Myeon Dangjin Gun and 3.6% in Anmyeon Myeon Seosan Gun. 4. The Paragonimus positive reaction rate was 2.8% among the same intradermal cases and the highest rate showed in Jewon Myeon Kumsan Gun (10.0%).

Hepatic uptake of epirubicin by isolated rat hepatocytes and its biliary excretion after intravenous infusion in rats

신대환,박승혁,정성우,박천웅,한건,정연복 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.12

Anthracycline anticancer agents are widelyused in the cancer chemotherapy for hepatocelluar carcinoma. However, accurate kinetic analyses of the hepatocellularuptake and efflux of the drugs have not beenreported. We, therefore, investigated the hepatobiliarytransport of epirubicin, an anthracycline derived antibiotic,after intravenous (i.v.) infusion in rats. The hepatic uptakemechanisms of epirubicin were also investigated in isolatedrat hepatocytes. To analyze epirubicin levels in the biologicalsamples, we used an HPLC-based method whichhas been validated for a kinetic study by suitable criteria. The uptake process of epirubicin by the hepatocytesrevealed one saturable component, with a Km of 99.1 lg/mL and Vmax of 3.70 lg/min/106 cells. The initial uptakevelocity of epirubicin was significantly inhibited in atemperature-dependent manner. The velocity was alsoreduced in the presence of metabolic inhibitors such asrotenone or carbonylcyanide-p-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenylhydrazone. Substrates for organic anion transporters suchas bromosulfophthalein and taurocholate significantlyinhibited the initial uptake velocity of epirubicin. We alsoattempted to determine the hepatobiliary transport of epirubicinafter i.v. infusion in vivo. At steady-state after i.v. infusion of epirubicin (10–160 lg/min/kg), the drug wasextensively accumulated in the liver, followed by excretioninto bile. Furthermore, the CLbile,plasma and CLbile,liverdecreased with a corresponding increase in the Css,plasmaand Css,liver. In conclusion, present studies using isolated rathepatocytes and in vivo i.v. infusion demonstrate that epirubicin is likely to be taken up into liver cells viaorganic anion transporting polypeptides, and that its biliaryexcretion might be mediated via specific transporters.

Pharmacokinetics of Guanosine in Rats following Intravenous or Intramuscular Administration of a 1:1 Mixture of Guanosine and Acriflavine, a Potential Antitumor Agent

신대환,최규석,조병석,송석길,문동철,홍진태,이종길,정연복 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.10

A 1:1 mixture of acriflavine (ACF; CAS 8063-24-9) and guanosine is under evaluation in preclinical studies as a possible antitumor agent. Guanosine is known to potentiate the anti-cancer activity of ACF. We therefore investigated the pharmacokinetics of guanosine following administration of the ACF/guanosine mixture in rats. Rats were given guanosine (1 or 5 mg/kg) or ACF/guanosine (2 or 10 mg/kg) by i.v. bolus; or guanosine (3 or 15 mg/kg) or ACF/guanosine (6 or 30 mg/kg) by i.m. injection. We found that guanosine was rapidly cleared from the blood and transferred to tissues after i.m. administration of ACF/guanosine. The mean plasma half-lives (t1/2) at the α and β phases were 0.091 and 6.86 h, or 0.092 and 7.51 h at a dose of 1 or 5 mg/kg guanosine, respectively. ACF had no effect on the plasma disappearance of guanosine following either i.v. bolus or i.m. administration of the combination mixture. Moreover, the ACF combination with guanosine did not significantly alter the values of MRT, Vdss, and CLt of guanosine. Guanosine exhibited linear pharmacokinetics over the dose range from 1 to 5 mg/kg for i.v. doses and 3 to 15 mg/kg for i.m. doses. The bioavailability of guanosine after i.m. administration was 84% for 3 mg/kg dose and 88% for 15 mg/kg dose. ACF had no effects on biliary and urinary excretion of guanosine after i.m. administration. The cumulative amount of guanosine in urine after i.m. administration was about 5-fold larger than that in bile, indicating that guanosine is mostly excreted into the urine. Guanosine was widely distributed in all tissues examined in this study, but was most highly concentrated in the kidney after i.m. administration, followed by slow excretion to bile or urine. ACF had no effect on the tissue distribution of guanosine following i.m. administration. These characterizations of the pharmacokinetics of guanosine after administration of the CF/guanosine combination will be useful in providing preclinical and clinical bases for the potential application of this combination to the treatment of cancer.

고강도 철근 콘크리트 보에서 tension stiffening 모델을 이용한 실험적 연구 및 평가

신대환,박하은,김민숙,이영학 한국방재학회 2014 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

사용하중상태에서 균열 사이의 콘크리트가 실제 콘크리트 부재에서는 어느 정도의 인장력을 부담하게 되는데 이를 tension stiffening effect라 한다. tension stiffening effect의 영향을 무시하면 균열이 발생한 콘크리트 부재의 해석에 있어 실제 거동과 다를 수 있기 때문에 균열 발생 후의 정확한 해석 및 거동의 평가를 위해서 tension stiffening effect는 반드시 고려되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 tension stiffening effect를 기반으로 하는 6 가지의 tension stiffening 모델을 선정한 후 고강도 철근 콘크리트 보의 휨 실험과의 비교분석을 통해 tension stiffening 모델을 평가하였다. tension stiffening effect에 영향을 주는 주요 인자인 철근비를 변수로 하여 고강도 철근 콘크리트 보 시험체를 제작하여 휨 실험을 하였다. 이를 통해 tension stiffening 모델과 실험에 의한 모멘트-곡률, 하중-처짐 관계등을 평가하였다.

고강도 콘크리트 보에서 Tension Stiffening 모델을 이용한 실험적 연구 및 평가

신대환,조은선,김민숙,김희철,이영학,Shin, Dae Hwan,Jo, Eunsun,Kim, Min Sook,Kim, Heechuel,Lee, Young Hak 한국전산구조공학회 2014 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.27 No.1

강도 한계상태 설계에서는 균열이 일어난 이후 철근콘크리트 부재의 인장영역에서 철근이 모든 인장력을 부담하는 것으로 가정한다. 그러나 균열 사이의 콘크리트가 실제 콘크리트 부재에서는 특히 사용하중 수준에서의 어느 정도의 인장 응력을 견디는데, 일조 하는 것으로 보고 있다. 이러한 효과를 Tension stiffening 효과라 한다. 본 연구에서는 Tension stiffening 모델과 고강도 철근 콘크리트 보의 휨 실험결과의 비교를 통해 해석모델의 유효성을 평가 하고자 한다. 이를 통해 선정 된 6가지의 Tension stiffening 모델과 실험에 의한 모멘트-곡률, 하중-처짐등을 관계를 평가하였다. 실험결과 설계기준에서는 ACI 318이 Tension stiffening 모델에서는 Owen & Damjanic이 실험 값과 가장 적은 오차율을 보이며 높은 신뢰도를 보였다. In strength limit states design, it is assumed that after cracking, reinforcement carries all tension in the tension zone of reinforced concrete members. However, it can be seen the concrete between cracks will contribute to carrying a part of the tension stress in actual concrete members particularly at service load levels, this effect is referred as tension stiffening effect. In this study, tension stiffening models and high strength concrete beam flexural test results were verified through comparison. The relationship between moment-curvature and load-deflection was evaluated by result of tension stiffening model and test result values. The analysis results showed that ACI 318 and Owen & Damjanic generally shows good agreement.

리막탄(Rifamycin)의 痢疾아메바에 對한 治療 효과에 관한 연구

辛大煥 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1986 충남의대잡지 Vol.13 No.1

Rimactan (Rifamycine) is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis and also shows promise in the treatment of certain nonmycobacterial diseases. A total 20 cases of E. histolytica cyst excretion patients were treated with Rimactan 10mg per body weight divided two for 20 days. All cases (20) showed negative convertion of E. histoltica cyst in the feces 7 days after beginning drug administration. 14 days and 20 days after beginning drug administration 17 cases (85%) out of 20 cases showed negative convertion of E. histolytica cyst, and 16 cases(80%) out of 20 cases were cured clinically and parasitologically 27 days after beginning drug administration (7 days after stopping drug administration). The tolerance of this drug was good, and side effects were noted mild and transient.