청소년의 문제행동에 대한 인지행동 집단치료의 효과 : 폭력 행동을 중심으로 Focuced on Violent Behaviors

민성길,이호분,육기환,남궁희승,류경희 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.4

연구목적 : 본 연구는 인지행동적 집단치료를 문제행동을 보이는 청소년에 시행하여 청소년 문제행동과 폭력행동의 감소에 미치는 효과를 평가하고 효과에 영향을 주는 요인을 찾아 청소년 문제행동과 폭력행동에 대한 개입의 모델을 제시하려하였다. 방 법 : 교사들에 의해 문제행동을 보이는 학생으로 의뢰된 27명의 중학교 2학년 남녀학생들에게 15 회기에 걸친 인지행동적 집단치료를 시행하였다. 대조군은 같은 중학교 2학년 남녀 학생 20명으로 이들에게는 치료를 실시하지 않았다. 대상군과 대조군을 치료 전후에 자기기술형 비행척도, 폭력행동척도를 작성하게 하였으며, 담임 교사로 하여금 대상군에게 치료전후에 교사용 문제행동 척도, 문제행동 적발빈도 조사를 실시하였다. 결 과 : 1) 자기기술형 비행 척도, 폭력행동 척도로 평가한 결과 대상군에서는 치료 후에 비행이 유의하게 감소하였으며, 대조군과 비교하였을 때 양군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다. 2) 대상군에 대한 교사용 문제행동 척도, 문제행동 적발 빈도조사에서 치료 전후에 문제행동이 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) 치료효과를 조별로 비교하면 자기 기술형 비행척도는 조별로 유의하게 차이를 보였고. 2조는 교사용 문제행동 적발 빈도 조사를 제외한 모든 척도에서 유의한 호전을 보였다. 4) 문제행동의 호전에 영향을 주는 요인은 대상군의 성별, 문제행동정도와 치료자였으며, 폭력 행동의 호전에 영향을 주는 요인은 대상군의 문제행동정도였다. 결 론 : 문제행동을 보이는 청소년을 대상으로 한 인지행동적 집단치료는 그들 스스로 평가한 문제 행동 감소의 효과는 있었으나, 교사가 평가하기에는 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 폭력행동에 대해서 특이한 효과는 보여 주지 못하였다. 하지만 대상군의 성별, 문제행동의 정도, 치료자에 따라서는 문제행동의 감소, 폭력행동의 감소 모두에 효과가 있었다. 이러한 결과는 대상군의 선정과 치료자의 숙련도에 따라서는 인지-행동치료가 청소년 문제행동과 폭력행동에 대한 적절한 치료 모델이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on improving adolescents' behavioral problems, especially violent behavior. Method : The subjects were 27 middle school students referred by their teachers for behavioral problems. We devided them into 4 teams and treated them for 15 sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy. The control group were 20 middle school students who had no cognitive-behavioral therapy. We assessed their behaviors pre-and post intervention by two series of scale, ie. self ratings and teacher ratings. Self ratings included 'misbehavior scales' and 'violent behavior subscale' ; teacher ratings included 'teacher-children rating scale' and 'detection of misbehavior scale'. Result : 1) In self-rating scales, the misbehavior of the subject group decreased more than the coltrol group, but not the violent scale. There were statistically significant group differences of improving effect in misbehavior scales. 2) In teacher rating scales, there was no significant decrease in the behavioral problems of the subject group. 3) By teams there were significant different intervention effects among 4 teams in self rating misbehavior scale. Team 2 improved on all scales except teacher-rating detection of misbehavior scale. 4) Determinant factors of intervention effect on behavioral problems were the degree of baseline behavioral problems, sex of subjects and therapist. Conclusion : The results from this study suggest that cognitive-behavioral group therapy was effective in decreasing the behavioral problems of adolescents. But the effect of therapy depends on sex, the degree of behavioral problems of subjects and the therapist.

대구지역에서 꿀벌이 수집한 화분의 동정

류장발,장정원,김기만,권외정,김민식,박도규 대구대학교 생명과학연구소 2002 생명과학연구 Vol.1 No.2

Pollens gathered by bees at an apiary at Daegu district were identified with light microscope and scanning electro microscope for effective establishment of honey plant plantations for year-round honey production. Pollen loads were collected from bees from March to October at one week interval, ten loads at each collecting time, a load from a colony. Pollens from fifty-four species were collected and 34 species were identified and 20 species unidentified, which would be identified later. Most of the pollen loads were composed with one species. However, a few loads were composed with up to four species. Pollens of 37 species were collected just one time. Pollens from just one species were not collected at any time. In July pollens from many species, up to six species at July 15 and 20, were collected. Pollens of four species, Erigeron annuus, Lagerstroemia indica, Koelreuteria paniculata, Evodia daniellii, were collected up to one month. As the latter two species were known as good honey producing plants, these two species proved to be good pollen producing plants. The former two species were known as poor honey producing plants, the importance of these two species should be reevaluated.

고도비만 환자에서 복강경 위소매절제술 후 발생한 누공의 내시경 치료 1예

류민선,심기남,조원영,김찬용,강현주,김미연,안소영,이윤표,조형원,정성애,이주호 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2013 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.36 No.2

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy can reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with morbid obesity, but it can cause complications such as a gastrointestinal leak. A 30-year-old morbidly obese female who had type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension with estimated body mass index of 40.2 kg/m2 was admitted. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was performed. On postoperative day 19, a leak was suspicious on physical examination and radiologic findings. Conservative management was performed, but the patient was hemodynamically unstable and imminently septic. After laparoscopic drainage procedure, esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed and revealed the fistula opening at staple line just below gastroesophageal junction. Fibrin tissue adhesive was injected around the fistula and the esophageal covered stent was inserted to cover the leak. At 14th days after stent insertion, the barium study confirmed no more leak. In this case, we experienced that the esophageal stent insertion with fibrin tissue adhesive injection may reduce recovery time of the fistula developed after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

인체에 대한 미의식에 따른 복식형태 : 고대 이집트에서 낭만주의 시대까지 from Ancient Egypt to the Romantic period

류기주,김민자 한국의류학회 1992 한국의류학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the Ideal Beauty of Body and the Form of Dress, and to analyze its historical perspectives. First of all, the concept of the Ideal Beauty of Body, the definition of Dress Form, and the method and system to clarify Dress Form were depicted. Based on this frame work, the Form of Dress related to the Ideal Beauty of Body was described historically. For this purpose, documentary research were conducted and representative photography and paintings were used. The analysis was limited to the female one-piece dress from Ancient Egypt, Greece, Rome, Byzantine, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, Rococo, Naoclassicism, and to Romanticism. The results were as follows: 1. The Ideal Beauty of Body was found to be different throughout history and to be intimately linked with fashionable dress. 2. The Form of Dress consisted of four basic components: The form of body itself, the form of clothing itself, the method of wearing, and the relationship between body and clothing. 3. The standards for classification of body form were body structure, body type, body proportion, posture, and movement. Clothing form was generally classified into flat type (unstructured type) and three dementional type (structured type); flat type was subclassified into draped type and tunic type. The method of wearing was classified into attached type, tying-up type, wrap-around type, pull-over type, open type and plastistic type. The relationship between body and clothing after wearing was generally classified into body priority type and clothing priority type. The clothing priority type was further divided into body exaggeration type and body concealment type; Body exaggeration type was further divided into upward type, downward type, forward type, backward type, right type and constriction type. 4. The pursuit of venus coelestis, metaphysical body part, ectomorphic body type, flat type clothing, body priority type; the pursuit of Venus Naturalis, physical body part, endomorphic body type, three dementional type clothing, clothing priority type proved to be closely related respectively by the historical study on the Ideal Beauty of Body and the Form of Dress.

Pentadecafluorroctyl Polyacrylate에 依한 Nylon 6 纖維의 撥水加工에 關한 硏究

李廷玟,任洪彬,劉承坤,裵基瑞 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1978 論文集 Vol.1 No.2

This study has been investigated on the effects of fluorochemical repellent agent on the water repellent finishes of nylon 6 fibre with pentadecafluorooctyl polyacrylate. Contact angles of various liquids on the fluorochemical treated nylon 6 surface are measured. The critical surface tension of about 46 dynes per cm on the nylon 6 surface is resulted. The effect of fluorochemical repellent was most favourable at 1% concentration repellent agent and the critical surface tension is resulted the value of about 10.5 dynes per cm. The use of antistatic agent in the fluorochemical repellent was most favourable below 0.5% concentration. It was found that the repellent effects were improved by repeated treatments with the solution of lower concentration of repellent.

정신병원 간호사의 공정성 지각과 조직몰입이 이직의도에 미치는 영향

정수미,민순,강명근,류소연,박종,김기순 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2005 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.30 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of equality perception and organizational commitment on turnover intention of jobs among psychiatric hospital nurses. Method: Data were collected by questionnaire survey among 158 nurses working in 10 psychiatric hospitals from August 1st to September 30th. 2004. Results: The degree of turnover intention of jobs was significantly different by marital status, religion, qualification of psychiatric specialized nursing, monthly income and the location of hospitals. The correlation analysis showed that the turnover intention of jobs decreased as the equality perception and the organizational commitment increased. The hierachical multiple regression analysis showed that significantly related variables with turnover intention of jobs were religion, monthly income, equality perception and organizational commitment. The model explanation power was 53.1%. Conclusion: Because the equality perception explained 53.1% of variance of turnover intention among psychiatric nurses and organizational commitment was related with the turnover intention of nurses at psychiatric hospitals, activation strategy of organization must include the promotion strategy of equality perception and organizational commitment to decrease turnover intention of jobs among nurses.

3차 의료기관 응급실로 내원한 안면부 열상 환자에 대한 임상적 고찰

김양원,안성훈,류석용,김홍용,전병민,김기태 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Background: Facial laceration is a common clinical problem in the emergency room that is frequently associated with other craniofacial injuries. It elicits an emotional response from the patient because of the underlying concern of permanent scar and secondary facial disfigurement, so they demand prompt and adequate treatment. The aim of this study is to analyze the incidence, etiology, depth, and site of facial lacerations to provide basic data for further understanding. Method: This study reviewed 1,043 facial-laceration patients treated in the emergency room at Pusan Paik Hospital between March 1999 and February 2000. This retrospective study was done by reviewing and analyzing the sex and age distributions, the monthly and daily distributions, the causes of injury, the types of injury, the sites of injury, the lengths of the lacerations, and associated injuries. Results: The sex ratio of men to wemen was 2.4:1, and the 0~10 age group was at the top of the age distribution. The number of patients was the highest on sundays and during March. About 9.2% of the patients visited the emergency room between 10:00 P.M. and 11:00 P.M. Falls(38.1%) were the most common cause of facial laceration, and deep laceration(51.8%) was the most common type of facial laceration. The most common laceration site was the forehead, followed by the chin and the nose. The most common associated craniofacial injury was facial bone fracture(39%), Facial-lacerations were sutured by plastic surgeons(80%), emergency physicians(10%), and oromaxillofacial surgeons(10%). We found statistical significance in the types and lengths of lacerations between men and women, among age groups(p<0.05). Conclusion: Facial laceration is one of the most common craniofacial injuries in the emergency room. By now, most lacerations have been repaired by plastic surgeons, But, the causes of lacerations are diverse and many patients are admitted due to the associated injuries. Therefore, emergency physicians should participate more aggressively in the care of facial-laceration patients to improve the outcome of the patients.

서울 단일 지역의 Helicobacter pylori 1차 제균율과 2차 제균율의 변화

김미연,심기남,김혜인,강현주,류민선,안소영,정혜경,정성애 Ewha Womans University School of Medicine 2014 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.37 No.1

Objectives: To investigate the rate of first-line eradication and the rate of second-line eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) from 2001 to 2010 in a single institute in Seoul. Methods: Among the 2,717 patients who received H. pylori eradication treatment from 2001 to 2010 at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, the medical records of 1,466 patients who satisfied the condition of execution of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, positive H. pylori eradication results at 6~8 weeks after eradication therapy were reviewed retrospectively. Then the first-line and second-line eradication rates and the eradication rates according to endoscopy findings were also compared. Results: The first-line eradication rate was 77% H. pylori eradication rate for the last 5 years was continuously increasing and no sign of decline was observed even for the whole 10 years. The rates of eradication related to endoscopic findings showed statistical significance (P<0.001) of 79.8% and 70.1% each for peptic ulcer and non-ulcerative gastric diseases, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, no decrease in tendency of first-line eradication rate could be found. In addition, the patients with the non-ulcerative gastric disease seemed to show significantly lower eradication rate. This finding suggests eradication treatment may be affected by the category of gastric diseases, and careful considerations should be taken assessing the effects and needs for the H. pylori eradication treatment.

치면열구전색제의 조건에 따른 법랑질 결합강도에 관한 연구

이용근,이흥수,이성재,방기숙,최정민,류승호,강민석 대한치과기재학회 1997 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

In this study, the shear bond strengths and accompanying elastic modulus ratio, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture of pit and fissure sealants to toothe enamel were analyzed by the following variables, those were acid etching, moisture content of the surface of enamel, dentin bonding agent(species and method), thermocycling, saliva contamination. One kind of chemically cured resin based pit and fissure sealant, two kinds of light cured resin based pit and fissure sealants and one kind of glass ionomer based pit and fissure sealant, and two kinds of dentin bonding agents were studied. The buccal surface of extracted premolars were ground flat with # 600 silicone carbide papers, and the ground surface was treated depending on the experimental conditions. After each treatment, each pit and fissure sealant was filled into plastic tube of 3mm diameter, which were laid on the surface of ground enamel surface, and were cured. Sealant bonded teeth specimens were immersed in 37℃ distilled water form 24 hours. The shear bond strength of sealant to enamel surface was measured with Universal testing machine with the cross head speed of 1mm/min. From the obtained load-deflection curves, modulus ratio, bond strength, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture were analyzed. From this experiment, the following results were obtained : 1. Comparing the results of standard condition(i. e. acid etching, dry surface, no dentin bonding agent and 300 thermocyling), the elastic modulus ratio of chemically cured resinbased pit and fissure sealant was significantly higher than those of other materials(P<0.05), and the bond strength, displacement at bond failure and work up to fracture of glass ionomer based pit and fissure sealant were significantly lower than those of other materials(P<0.05). 2. The results of ANOVA with the variables of type of material, acid etching, moisture condition of the enamel surface, dentin bonding agents were as follows ; 1) variables showed significant main effect on the shear bond strength of pit and fissure sealant to enamel(P<0.01), 2) type of material, acid etching and moisture condition of enamel influenced the bond strength significantly(P<0.01), 3) type and application methods of dentin bonding agents influenced on the bond strength significantly(P<0.05). 3. There were statistically significant correlation between the work up to fracture and the bond strength, and between the work up to fracture and the displacement at bond failure(P<0.01), and in these cases the correlation coefficient was 0.87.

PET/CT 검사에서 호흡에 따른 인공산물을 줄이기 위한 Average CT의 유용성

김정선,남기표,박승용,류재광,차민경,Kim, Jung-Sun,Nam, Ki-Pyo,Park, Seung-Yong,Ryu, Jae-Kwang,Cha, Min-Kyeong 대한핵의학기술학회 2010 핵의학 기술 Vol.14 No.1

종양학에서 암의 진단, 병기 결정, 재발 판정, 그리고 치료에 대한 반응의 평가에 PET/CT의 유용함은 이미 인정되고 있다. 그런데 크기가 작거나 폐의 기저 부위, 혹은 간의 상부에 위치한 종양일수록 호흡으로 인한 위치 변위와 왜곡의 정도가 크며 PET영상의 SUV에도 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 정상 호흡 상태에서 얻어지는 PET 또는 CT영상을 토대로 방사선 치료를 하게 되면 치료해야 할 표적이 치료 범위에서 벗어나거나 정상 조직에 과도한 방사선이 조사될 수 있으므로 치료율이 낮아지거나 방사선에 의한 부작용이 증가할 수 있다. 본 논문의 목적은 호흡에 의한 인공산물을 최소화하고 보다 정확한 SUV 측정을 위해 ACT를 이용한 감쇠 보정 방법을 적용하여 그 유용성을 평가하고자 함이다. 하 흉부에 종양이 있는 13명의 환자를 대상으로 Discovery STE8 PET/CT스캐너를 사용하여 두 가지의 PET/CT영상을 얻었다. HCT를 사용한 감쇠 보정 영상과 ACT를 사용한 감쇠 보정 영상에서 측정한 인공물의 크기와 $SUV_{max}$를 비교 분석하였다. 인공물은 모든 환자의 하 흉부의 백색 음영 영역을 측정하여 평가하였다. $SUV_{max}$는 주요 종양의 $SUV_{max}$를 측정하여 평가하였다. 분석 프로그램은 Advantage Workstation v4.3을 사용하였다. 환자에게 7.4 MBq (0.2 mCi)/kg의 $^{18}F$-FDG를 투여한 1시간 뒤 스캔하였다. 방출 스캔은 3 min/bed로 스캔하였다. HCT 보정 영상과 비교하여 ACT 보정 영상에서 인공산물의 크기가 눈에 띄게 줄어든 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 하 흉부의 저 보정으로 인한 인공산물 크기는 ACT 보정 영상과 HCT 보정 영상 각각 $1.5{\pm}3.5$ cm과 $13.4{\pm}4.2$ cm를 나타냈다. 주요 병소의 $SUV_{max}$의 변화는 ACT 보정 영상이 HCT 보정 영상보다 눈에 띄게 상승하였다. ACT 보정 영상에서 HCT영상과 비교하여 tumor의 $SUV_{max}$가 평균 $5.3{\pm}3.9%$ 상승하였다. 가장 큰 차이를 보인 종양은 lung의 lower lobe에 있는 종양으로 $SUV_{max}$ 7.7에서 $SUV_{max}$ 8.7로 13% 상승하였다. ACT를 이용한 감쇠 보정 영상은 하 흉부의 인공산물을 눈에 띄게 줄일 수 있어 보다 정확한 병소의 SUV를 측정 및 방사선 치료 범위 설정에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 ACT 기법은 병소가 횡격막 부근에 있는 환자의 경우 폐와 간의 경계를 보다 정확히 구분할 수 있어 판독시 도움이 될 수 있을 것이라고 판단된다. 추가 ACT 촬영에 의한 피폭 선량이 증가하는 점을 고려하여 적용한다면 임상적으로 유용한 효과가 있다고 사료된다. Purpose: The usefulness of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images in diagnosis, staging, recurrent and treatment response evaluation has already been known. However, tumors which are small size, located in lower lobe of lung or upper lobe of liver are shown misalignment, distortion and different Standard Uptake Value (SUV) by respiration in PET images. Therefore, if radiotherapy based on normal respiration, it may cause low treatment response or more side effects because targets which had to treat, out of treat range or over dose to normal tissue. The purpose of this study is to evaluate attenuation-correction with Average CT (ACT) for more accuracy SUV measurement and minimize artifact by respiration. Materials and Methods: 13 patients, who had tumors which are around the diaphragm, underwent ACT scan after Helical CT (HCT) scan with PET/CT (Discovery DSTE 8; GE Healthcare). We quantified the differences between attenuation corrected image with HCT and attenuation corrected image with ACT in artifact size and maximum SUV ($SUV_{max}$). Artifacts were evaluated by measurement of the curved photogenic area in the lower thorax of the PET images for all patients. $SUV_{max}$ was measured separately at the primary tumors. Analysis program was Advantage Workstation v4.3 (GE Healthcare). Patients were injected with 7.4 MBq (0.2 $mC_i$) per kg of $^{18}F$-FDG and scanned 1 hour after injection. The PET acquisition was 3 minute per bed. Results: Significantly lower artifact were observed in PET/ACT images than in PET/HCT images (below-thoracic artifacts caused by under corrected $1.5{\pm}3.5$ cm vs. $13.4{\pm}4.2$ cm). Significantly higher $SUV_{max}$ were noted in PET/ACT images than in PET/HCT images in the primary tumor. Compared with PET/HCT images, $SUV_{max}$ in PET/ACT images were higher by $5.3{\pm}3.9%$ (mean value) tumor. The highest difference was observed in Lower lobe of lung (7.7 to 8.7; 13%). Conclusion: Due to its significantly reduced artifacts in lower thoracic, attenuation corrected image with ACT images provided more reliable $SUV_{max}$ and may be helpful in monitoring treatment response. Moreover, ACT can separate upper lobe of liver and lower lobe of lung, it may be helpful in interpretation. ACT will be clinically useful, considering increased dose caused by ACT scan and adapt.